Deck 5: Carbon Elemental Carbon, Organic Molecules, and Carbon Footprints

Question 1

Which of the following molecules would contain double or triple bonds?

A)C₂H₆
B)CH₄
C)C₂H₂
D)HF
E)H₂O

Answer 1

C₂H₂

Question 2

Diamond is an unreactive substance because

A)the ionic bonds present in diamond are hard to break.
B)the lone electrons around each carbon are balanced equally between all the carbon atoms present.
C)carbon atoms present in diamond are smaller and more stable than other carbon atoms.
D)each carbon atom has a full octet of electrons.

Answer 2

each carbon atom has a full octet of electrons.

Question 3

When carbon makes bonds to four atoms, the shape is almost always

A)an octagon.
B)tetrahedron-like.
C)triangular.
D)a pentagon.
E)None of the above.

Answer 3

tetrahedron-like.

Question 4

Graphene is composed of what element?

A)nitrogen
B)hydrogen
C)carbon
D)oxygen
E)sulfur

Question 5

In a molecule of CBr₄, there is a total of how many lone pairs?

A)4
B)8
C)12
D)24
E)36

Question 6

The Lewis dot structure shown here is incorrect because

A)it has the wrong number of valence electrons.
B)the carbon atoms have an incomplete octet of electrons.
C)the lone electrons make the molecule unstable.
D)molecules cannot contain unpaired electrons.

Question 7

In total, each carbon atom can make how many bonds to other atoms?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 8

What is the number of shared electrons in one covalent bond?

A)2
B)4
C)6
D)8
E)10

Question 9

Carbon and other elements in Period 2 are relatively small in size compared to other elements because

A)they have few electrons, and those electrons are held close to the nucleus.
B)the electrons in these elements take up less space than in other elements.
C)they are found mostly in biological systems.
D)they form both single, double, and triple bonds, and must be small in order to do this.
E)All of the above.

Question 10

In the methane molecule, there is a total of how many lone pairs?

A)2
B)4
C)8
D)18
E)None

Question 11

Graphene can be described as

A)single sheets of carbon atoms that, when stacked together, make up graphite.
B)a 3-dimensional array of 60 carbon atoms.
C)stacks of covalently bonded carbon atoms arranged in a lattice structure.
D)the active ingredient in cough medicine.
E)a biological substance necessary for enzyme activation.

Question 12

Choose the false statement.

A)Graphene is made up of only one element.
B)Graphene conducts current at a high rate of speed.
C)At the current time, graphene has limited use because it cannot be made in large pieces.
D)Graphene was first made by pulling a single layer from a sheet of graphite.
E)Single layers of graphite make up a sheet of graphene

Question 13

Which is the smallest atom?

A)Sr
B)C
C)F
D)Na
E)Ge

Question 14

Diamond is an example of a type of structure known as a

A)lattice.
B)network solid.
C)metal.
D)supersolid.
E)buckyball.

Question 15

The shape of the SiH₄ molecule would be

A)a triangle.
B)a tetrahedron.
C)a pentagon.
D)an octagon.
E)none of these.

Question 16

In the methane molecule, CH₄, each of the H-C-H angles in the molecular structure has an identical value: exactly 109.5 degrees.The shape of molecules with bond angles of 109.5 degrees are known as

A)squares.
B)rectangles.
C)tetrahedrons.
D)pentagons.
E)quadrilaterals.

Question 17

Carbon has special properties because

A)it has the same number of protons and electrons.
B)its small size.
C)its ability to bond to itself.
D)its ability to form both ionic and covalent bonds.
E)All of the above.

Question 18

Diamond is a very hard structure because

A)the network of covalent bonds extends in all directions.
B)it has a sea of electrons, which make it extremely durable.
C)it has layers of carbon that slide easily over each other.
D)it forms ionic bonds between each of the carbon atoms, and these bonds are difficult to break.
E)it takes millions of years to break down.

Question 19

Scientists were able to isolate a layer of graphene using

A)an electron microscope.
B)a pencil.
C)by reacting graphite with hydrochloric acid.
D)Scotch tape.
E)sub-zero temperatures.

Question 20

Which is the largest atom?

A)Al
B)As
C)Br
D)Rb
E)Mg

Question 21

Nitrogen will make how many bonds to other atoms?

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)1

Question 22

Which of the following are allotropes of carbon?

A)diamond
B)graphite
C)graphene
D)all of the above

Question 23

Graphite is a slippery solid, in contrast to diamond.Both graphite and diamond contain only carbon atoms.Graphite has these properties because

A)Graphite consists of layers of carbon atoms; each layer is weakly bonded to other layers.
B)The carbon atoms in graphite form triple bonds in each layer and single bonds between the layers.
C)Each layer of graphite exists as a separate entity and is not joined to layers above and below it.
D)It contains material that makes it a basic substance and thus slippery.

Question 24

A carbon buckyball is similar in shape to what common item?

A)a loaf of bread
B)a pencil
C)a soccer ball
D)a tennis ball
E)an egg

Question 25

Rank the length of bonds between carbon atoms in each molecule, starting with the shortest: C₂H₆, C₂H₄, C₂H₂.

A)C₂H_2, C₂H_4, C₂H₆
B)C₂H_6, C₂H_4, C₂H₂
C)C₂H_4, C₂H_6, C₂H₂
D)C₂H_4, C₂H₂ C₂H₆

Question 26

Rank the strength of bonds between carbon atoms in each molecule, starting with the weakest: C₂H₆, C₂H₄, C₂H₂.

A)C₂H₆, C₂H₄, C₂H₂
B)C₂H_2, C₂H_4, C₂H₆
C)C₂H_4, C₂H_6, C₂H₂
D)C₂H_4, C₂H₂ C₂H₆

Question 27

How many double bonds are there in the molecule, represented below?

A)4
B)5
C)3
D)6

Question 28

Even though an item such as a banana does not burn well, it still has a carbon footprint.Select the step that does not leave a carbon footprint.

A)producing a banana
B)harvesting a banana
C)transporting and storing a banana.
D)eating a banana

Question 29

According to your text, the planet is warming because

A)CO₂ emissions are rising.
B)the earth is tilted more closely to the sun.
C)carbon sequestration doesn't work
D)the glaciers are melting.
E)there are increased number of hurricanes, leading to increased air movement and greater temperatures.

Question 30

1.634 attojoules would be required to break all the carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule shown here.

Question 31

The correct chemical formula for the molecule shown is

A)C₈H₁₀O₂
B)C₁₀H₁₀O₂
C)C₁₂H₂₄O₂
D)C₁₈H₃₂O₂

Question 32

It says in your text that carbon generally does not form two double bonds.Instead it forms a single bond and a triple bond.What is one common exception to this statement?

A)CO
B)CO2
C)CO₃^2-
D)CH₂O

Question 33

The first product to display the Carbon Trust logo was a bag of potato chips made in England by the Walkers Company.Why did the farmers harvesting the potatoes for these chips store the potatoes in humidified buildings?

A)It made the chips crisper.
B)It allowed them to store the chips for a longer time.
C)It increased the mass of the potatoes, thus increasing the amount they got paid.
D)It lowered the carbon footprint.
E)None of the above

Question 34

The correct chemical formula for the molecule shown is

A)C₂₀H₃₀O
B)C₁₉H₂₀O
C)C₁₇H₂₇O
D)C₁₉H₁₉O

Question 35

The amount of energy needed to break a double bond is less than that required to break a single bond because the double bond is shorter.

Question 36

CO₂ is the most notorious greenhouse gas because

A)it is more efficient than any other gas at trapping heat.
B)it is released in larger quantities than other greenhouse gases.
C)it lasts longer in the atmosphere than other greenhouse gases.
D)it is produced by both humans and animals.
E)it has existed longer than any other gas.

Question 37

What is the chemical formula for the following molecule?

A)C₈H₁₆O₃N
B)C₉H₁₅O₃N
C)C₉H₁₇O₄N
D)C₉H₁₂O₄N

Question 38

A heteroatom is an atom attached to a hydrocarbon skeleton.A heteroatom is most likely to include one or more of which set of elements?

A)Ag, Au, Zn
B)S, N, O
C)Na, Ca, Li
D)He, Ne, Ar
E)Sn, Pb, As

Question 39

A buckyball is a special carbon structure containing how many carbon atoms?

A)4
B)8
C)12
D)60
E)100

Question 40

How many carbon atoms are in the following molecule?

A)4
B)8
C)10
D)7

Question 41

Natural gas has odorant molecules added to it to assist in leak detection.What element is commonly a part of these molecules?

A)nitrogen
B)lithium
C)calcium
D)helium
E)sulfur

Question 42

Which functional group has a particular geometry that causes it to affect the brain and is often a component of illegal and legal drugs?

A)carboxylic acids
B)alcohols
C)sulfur compounds
D)amines
E)none of these

Question 43

Which functional group is widely used as a building block in the synthesis of plastics?

A)carboxylic acids
B)alcohols
C)sulfur compounds
D)amines
E)none of these

Question 44

At the time that your text was published, what year was the hottest in U.S.history?

A)1999
B)2001
C)2005
D)2007
E)2012

Question 45

The functional group discussed in the chapter, which is found in both of the following organic molecules, is _____.

Question 46

The functional group in the following molecule is a(n)_____.

Question 47

One element that is often associated with bad smelling odors such as is found in garlic and onions is

A)sodium
B)sulfur
C)selenium
D)phosphorus
E)fluorine