Deck 19: Introduction to the Angiosperms

Question 1

The perianth consists of all the ______ of a flower.

A)sepals
B)petals
C)sepals and petals
D)fertile parts
E)sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The fertile parts of a flower are the:

A)sepals and petals.
B)sepals and stamens.
C)petals and stamens.
D)sepals and carpels.
E)carpels and stamens.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The portion of a carpel that encloses the ovules is the:

A)style.
B)stigma.
C)ovary.
D)placenta.
E)funiculus.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following statements about phylum Anthophyta is FALSE?

A)It is the largest phylum of photosynthetic organisms.
B)The two major classes are the monocots and dicots.
C)Its members vary in size from 1 millimeter long to 100 meters tall.
D)Some members are parasitic.
E)Some members are myco-heterotrophic.

Question 5

In angiosperms, the mature female gametophyte consists of _____ cells.

A)2
B)3
C)5
D)7
E)9

Question 6

The gynoecium consists of all the ______ of a flower.

A)carpels
B)ovules
C)ovaries
D)placentae
E)stigmas

Question 7

Which of the following statements about a stamen is FALSE?

A)It is a microsporophyll.
B)It usually consists of an anther and a filament.
C)It contains four microsporangia.
D)It contains pollen sacs.
E)It is part of the gynoecium.

Question 8

An example of connation is the union of stamens with:

A)other stamens.
B)petals.
C)sepals.
D)carpels.
E)stigmas.

Question 9

A perfect flower contains:

A)petals only.
B)stamens only.
C)carpels only.
D)petals and carpels.
E)carpels and stamens.

Question 10

By definition, a flower with a aposepalous calyx has:

A)no sepals.
B)many sepals.
C)sepals joined together.
D)sepals not joined together.
E)sepals joined with a flower part in a different whorl.

Question 11

A monoecious species has:

A)flowers with all floral whorls.
B)floral parts united with other members of the same whorl.
C)floral parts united with members of other whorls.
D)staminate and carpellate flowers on the same plant.
E)staminate and carpellate flowers on different plants.

Question 12

In angiosperms, the ovary develops into a(n):

A)ovule.
B)seed.
C)fruit.
D)carpel.
E)perianth.

Question 13

In axile placentation, the ovules are borne:

A)on the ovary wall.
B)on a central column of tissue in a partitioned ovary.
C)on a central column of tissue in an unpartitioned ovary.
D)at the base of a unilocular ovary.
E)at the top of a unilocular ovary.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about myco-heterotrophic plants is FALSE?

A)They lack chlorophyll.
B)They have obligate relationships with mycorrhizal fungi.
C)They are nonphotosynthetic.
D)They form haustoria with their host plant.
E)They are indirectly associated with an autotroph.

Question 15

In a myco-heterotrophic relationship, the ______ transfers carbohydrates to the _______.

A)fungus; myco-heterotroph
B)fungus; autotroph
C)fungus; cyanobacteria
D)myco-heterotroph; fungus
E)cyanobacteria; fungus

Question 16

A flower that has only stamens and petals is:

A)staminate and perfect.
B)perfect and complete.
C)perfect and incomplete.
D)imperfect and complete.
E)imperfect and incomplete.

Question 17

The pedicel of a flower is:

A)a leaflike structure that contains the ovules.
B)the part of the flower stalk to which flower parts are attached.
C)the stalk of a flower or an inflorescence.
D)the stalk of a flower in an inflorescence.
E)the stalk that attaches an ovule to the ovary.

Question 18

The style connects the _____ to the ______.

A)anther; filament
B)calyx; corolla
C)androecium; gynoecium
D)ovules; ovary
E)ovary; stigma

Question 19

All bilaterally symmetrical flowers are:

A)hypogynous.
B)regular.
C)irregular.
D)superior.
E)inferior.

Question 20

In flowers with sepals, petals, and stamens attached below the ovary, the ovary is said to be:

A)hypogynous.
B)epigynous.
C)perigynous.
D)superior.
E)inferior.

Question 21

A polymer in the _____ protects the pollen grain against UV radiation, dehydration, and pathogen attack.

A)tapetum
B)exine
C)microsporangium
D)microsporocyte
E)intine

Question 22

When the microspore of an angiosperm divides, it gives rise directly to:

A)two generative cells.
B)two tube cells.
C)two sperm cells.
D)a generative cell and a tube cell.
E)a sperm cell, a generative cell, and a tube cell.

Question 23

In most angiosperms, the primary endosperm nucleus is:

A)n.
B)2n.
C)3n.
D)4n.
E)5n.

Question 24

Which of the following statements about pollen grains is FALSE?

A)They vary considerably in size and shape.
B)They differ in the number, arrangement, and shape of their apertures.
C)They provide insights into past climates.
D)They provide a means of identifying flowering plants.
E)They are poorly represented in the fossil record.

Question 25

Which of the following statements concerning transmitting tissue is FALSE?

A)It is found within the style.
B)It guides the pollen tube toward the ovary.
C)The pollen tube grows out of the transmitting tissue at the funiculus.
D)It is classified as being either wet or dry.
E)The pollen tube grows between its cells.

Question 26

In the center of the embryo sac are the:

A)ovules.
B)synergids.
C)eggs.
D)polar nuclei.
E)antipodals.

Question 27

Microsporocytes divide by ______, forming ______.

A)mitosis; haploid microsporocytes
B)mitosis; diploid microsporocytes
C)meiosis; haploid microspores
D)mitosis; diploid microspores
E)meiosis; haploid megaspores

Question 28

The innermost layer of the pollen sac wall is the:

A)sporogenous layer.
B)sporopollenin layer.
C)exine.
D)intine.
E)tapetum.

Question 29

The process of double fertilization occurs:

A)only in angiosperms.
B)in all angiosperms and gymnosperms.
C)only in angiosperms and Ephedra.
D)only in angiosperms and Gnetum.
E)only in angiosperms, Ephedra, and Gnetum.

Question 30

In the process of double fertilization, one sperm fuses with the ______, and the other sperm fuses with the ______.

A)egg; synergids
B)egg; polar nuclei
C)egg; antipodals
D)synergid; polar nuclei
E)synergid; antipodals

Question 31

In the process of pollination, the:

A)anther dehisces, shedding its contents.
B)pollen passes from the anther to a stigma.
C)pollen tube grows through the style.
D)pollen tube enters the embryo sac.
E)sperm fertilizes an egg.

Question 32

In the most common pattern of embryo sac development in angiosperms, how many nuclei end up at the chalazal end?

A)1
B)3
C)5
D)7
E)9

Question 33

About 70% of living angiosperms have a(n) _______ type of megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis.

A)Amborella
B)Oenothera
C)Polygonum
D)Fritillaria
E)Lilium

Question 34

______ are found at the chalazal end of the embryo sac.

A)Polar nuclei
B)Synergids
C)Eggs
D)Ovules
E)Antipodals

Question 35

________ mark the pathways of sperm cell and sperm nucleus migrations within the ovule.

A)Actin "coronas"
B)Transmitting tissues
C)Callose deposits
D)Hydrated layers of proteins, amino acids, and lipids
E)Germ units

Question 36

The mature megagametophyte consists of ______ nuclei and _____ cells.

A)7; 7
B)7: 5
C)5; 7
D)7: 8
E)8; 7

Question 37

Sporopollenin is the primary constituent of the:

A)integument.
B)nucellar wall.
C)exine.
D)intine.
E)tapetum.

Question 38

The mature female gametophyte is called a(n):

A)embryo sac.
B)nucellus.
C)megasporangium.
D)endosperm.
E)ovule.

Question 39

In embryo sac development, the egg apparatus contains the egg cell and the:

A)polar nuclei.
B)synergids.
C)chalaza.
D)central cell.
E)antipodals.

Question 40

Which of the following statements concerning pollen grain apertures is FALSE?

A)They are located in the intine.
B)They are preferential sites for pollen tube initiation.
C)They are sites of uptake of various substances.
D)They can expand and contract.
E)They help protect the pollen grain from drying out.

Question 41

The first flowering plants had a Polygonum type of embryo sac.

Question 42

As the seed develops, the ovary wall becomes the:

A)perisperm.
B)pericarp.
C)endosperm.
D)nucellus.
E)integument.
True-False Questions

Question 43

The integuments envelope the nucellus except at the micropyle.

Question 44

Myco-heterotrophs have an obligate relationship with a mycorrhizal fungus.

Question 45

Radially symmetrical flowers are said to be irregular.

Question 46

The function of the endosperm is to provide ______ for the embryo.

A)support
B)oxygen
C)food
D)water
E)protection

Question 47

A flower that has both stamens and carpels but lacks sepals is described as imperfect and incomplete.

Question 48

In a flower with a superior ovary, the perianth and stamens are epigynous.

Question 49

The central cell contains the egg apparatus.

Question 50

The most common type of megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis is the Polygonum type.

Question 51

In some angiosperms, the food store of the seed is perisperm derived from the:

A)integument.
B)embryo.
C)endosperm.
D)nucellus.
E)funiculus.

Question 52

If a single ovule is borne on a central column in an unpartitioned ovary, the placentation is described as parietal.

Question 53

All the petals of a flower are collectively called the calyx.

Question 54

The function of the tapetum is to provide food for developing microspores.

Question 55

A carpel is a leaflike structure that contains ovules.

Question 56

The great majority of living angiosperms have mature embryo sacs consisting of seven cells and eight nuclei.

Question 57

In a carpel, the style connects the stigma with the ovary.

Question 58

Unlike gymnosperms, the stored food in angiosperms is:

A)provided by the male gametophyte.
B)provided by the female gametophyte.
C)sporophyte.
D)formed before fertilization.
E)formed after fertilization.

Question 59

Angiosperms have archegonia but lack antheridia.

Question 60

Sporopollenin protects the microgametophyte against UV radiation.

Question 61

Endosperm may be an evolutionary derivative of a second embryo.

Question 62

The pollen tubes of gymnosperms grow faster than the pollen tubes of angiosperms.

Question 63

The male germ unit consists of two sperms cells physically associated with the vegetative nucleus.

Question 64

Synergids produce chemicals that attract the pollen tube.

Question 65

Perisperm develops from the proliferation of the nucellus.

Question 66

Wet stigmas have a cuticle that contains a hydrated layer of proteins, carbohydates, and lipids.

Question 67

In angiosperms, embryogeny begins with a free nuclear stage.