Deck 14: Skeletal System

Question 1

Tissue that connects bone to bone is called a(n) ____________________.

Answer 1

Ligament

Question 2

Air abrasion is a method used in dentistry to:

A) Polish the teeth
B) Remove tooth decay
C) Fill a cavity in a tooth
D) Replace missing bone
E) a and b

Answer 2

Remove tooth decay

Question 3

Meningomyelocele is:

A) A condition usually associated with aging that has a gradual onset as cartilage in the joint softens
B) A congenital condition of the spinal column
C) Softening of the bones caused by vitamin D and calcium deficiency
D) Weakening of the bones, which affects more than 20 million people in the United States
E) A condition of unknown cause in which excessive destruction of bone cells occurs; the long bones become bowed and the flat bones deformed

Answer 3

A congenital condition of the spinal column

Question 4

Cervical, with regard to the skeletal system, pertains to:

A) Between the ribs
B) A study of the tooth
C) Inflammation of the bones and joints
D) The joints
E) The neck

Question 5

____________________ are cells in the bone tissue that produce new cells.

Question 6

Intercostal, with regard to the skeletal system, pertains to:

A) The neck
B) Removal of cartilage
C) Between the ribs
D) Plastic reconstruction of the joint
E) The joints

Question 7

The ____________________ is the part of the skeletal system that includes the ribs, sternum, and vertebral bones that protect the lungs and heart.

Question 8

Degenerative joint disease is:

A) A condition usually associated with aging that has a gradual onset as cartilage in the joint softens
B) A congenital condition of the spinal column
C) Softening of the bones caused by vitamin D and calcium deficiency
D) Weakening of the bones, which affects more than 20 million people in the United States
E) A condition of unknown cause in which excessive destruction of bone cells occurs; the long bones become bowed and the flat bones deformed

Question 9

____________________ is inflammation of the sac around the joint and disk caused by trauma or irritation.

Question 10

____________________ is an abnormal lateral spinal curvature.

Question 11

Paget's disease is:

A) A condition usually associated with aging that has a gradual onset as cartilage in the joint softens
B) A congenital condition of the spinal column
C) Softening of the bones caused by vitamin D and calcium deficiency
D) Weakening of the bones, which affects more than 20 million people in the United States
E) A condition of unknown cause in which excessive destruction of bone cells occurs; the long bones become bowed and the flat bones deformed

Question 12

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a(n):

A) Group of disorders evidenced by inflammation of a joint, pain, and stiffness during movement
B) Hereditary chronic spinal disease of unknown cause
C) Condition that occurs when a ligament or tendon pulls off part of a bone during injury
D) Inflammation of the sac around a joint caused by trauma or irritation
E) Common disorder caused by pressure on the median nerve of the wrist resulting from repetitive use or trauma

Question 13

A radionuclide bone scan or bone scintigraphy is used to:

A) Sample for pathogens or chromosome abnormality
B) Obtain a piece of bone containing intact marrow to identify abnormalities
C) Evaluate the response to cancer treatment
D) Determine the relative density of the tissues
E) Detect bone cancer when x-rays do not show abnormalities

Question 14

Ankylosing spondylitis is a(n):

A) Group of disorders evidenced by inflammation of a joint, pain, and stiffness during movement
B) Hereditary chronic spinal disease of unknown cause
C) Condition that occurs when a ligament or tendon pulls off part of a bone during injury
D) Inflammation of the sac around a joint caused by trauma or irritation
E) Common disorder caused by pressure on the median nerve of the wrist resulting from repetitive use or trauma

Question 15

Kyphosis ("hunchback" or "humpback") can be caused by all of the following except:

A) Gout
B) Rheumatic arthritis
C) Rickets
D) Chronic respiratory disease
E) Poor posture

Question 16

Arthrodesis, with regard to the skeletal system, is:

A) Surgical union or fixation of the joint
B) Plastic reconstruction of the joint
C) The neck
D) Removal of cartilage
E) The joint

Question 17

____________________ is a painless deformity at the epiphysis of the bones caused by insufficient vitamin D.

Question 18

Avulsion is a(n):

A) Group of disorders evidenced by inflammation of a joint, pain, and stiffness during movement
B) Hereditary chronic spinal disease of unknown cause
C) Condition that occurs when a ligament or tendon pulls off part of a bone during injury
D) Inflammation of the sac around a joint caused by trauma or irritation
E) Common disorder caused by pressure on the median nerve of the wrist resulting from repetitive use or trauma

Question 19

____________________ are cells that break down bone cells.

Question 20

The ____________________ of the long bone contains fatty tissue and yellow marrow in its cavity.

Question 21

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the meaning of "movable joints."

Question 22

Explain the process of bone marrow sampling.Why would a physician order such a test, and what abnormalities might the sampling expose?

Question 23

What are the areas of the skull? Why does the skull not prevent brain trauma injury?

Question 24

Match the numbered word below with the best definition.
a.A band of fibrous tissue that connects bones and supports joints
b.A fibrous cord by which muscle is attached to a bone
c.Loss of bone tissue caused by the action of specialized cells
d.A saclike cavity filled with fluid that prevents friction
e.A soft organic material that fills the cavities of bones
f.A spongy or latticelike structure
g.The white protein fibers of the skin, tendons, bone, and cartilage
h.Pertaining to the transparent alkaline fluid found in joints
i.The specialized connective tissue that covers all bones of the body
j.A specialized fibrous connective tissue
1.Bursa
2.Cancellous
3.Cartilage
4.Collagen
5.Ligament
6.Marrow
7.Periosteum
8.Resorption
9.Synovial
10.Tendon

Question 25

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What are the four different shapes of bones?

Question 26

Write an expository covering osteoporosis.How many people does the disease affect and what treatment plans are available?

Question 27

Investigate the cost of knee replacement surgery.How many Americans must undergo such surgeries?

Question 28

Investigate the cost of osteointegration.What are some advantages to this process?

Question 30

____________________ is partial dislocation of a joint, such as occurs in the neck in a "whiplash" injury.

Question 31

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What are the parts of a tooth?

Question 32

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What is osteointegration?

Question 33

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the two major groups of bones that make up the skeletal system.

Question 34

Research the number of people in the United States affected by rheumatoid arthritis.Explain the effects on the body, as well as possible treatment.

Question 35

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Question 36

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What is the Ilazarov method of bone regeneration?

Question 37

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the bones of the skull.

Question 38

What is the major cause of tooth loss in young people? Investigate the cost of effective dental care as well as the cost to fill cavities.

Question 39

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
What are the six types of diarthrosis joints?

Question 40

Using two or three sentences, answer the following questions as concisely as possible.
Explain the process of stereolithography.

Question 41

____________________ is a congenital deformity involving the foot and ankle.