Deck 3: Organizational Commitment

Question 1

Managers at ABC International are quite worried about the recent turnover trend at the firm.ABC is losing quite a few hourly and salaried employees.According to recent estimates,it costs about _______ times the annual salary + benefits to replace an hourly worker and _______ times the annual salary + benefits to replace a salaried employee.

A)5;1.5
B)5;10
C)2;4
D)25;40
E)1.5;2.5

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The most immediate cause of all forms of employee withdrawal behaviour is:

A)the lack of access to organizational resources
B)Cumbersome government regulations
C)the overall level of commitment felt by an individual
D)the overall level of support felt from upper management
E)the desire to continue one's formal education

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Johnson & Johnson is looking to replace their chief executive officer.According to recent estimates,what percentage of an executive's annual salary and benefits will it cost to replace an executive?

A)0.5
B)1
C)1.5
D)2.5
E)5

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Employees who have _______ commitment to their organizations tend to engage in more interpersonal and organizational citizenship behaviours.

A)normative
B)skill-based
C)affective
D)obligation-based
E)continuance

Question 5

An employees' desire to remain a member of their organization is referred to as:

A)productivity
B)job performance
C)job satisfaction
D)organizational commitment
E)organizational culture

Question 6

You have just gotten married,purchased a home,and a new convertible,all of which makes it difficult to think about changing jobs.You don't like your job,but the feeling that you need to stay at your company refers to:

A)continuance commitment
B)affective commitment
C)ethical commitment
D)normative commitment
E)social influence

Question 7

A desire to remain a member of an organization due to a feeling of obligation is called:

A)continuance commitment
B)affective commitment
C)embeddedness
D)normative commitment
E)social influence

Question 8

The set of actions that employees perform to avoid the work situation that may eventually culminate in quitting the organization refers to:

A)productivity behaviours
B)commitment behaviours
C)performance behaviours
D)withdrawal behaviours
E)citizenship behaviours

Question 9

A desire to remain a member of an organization because of an awareness of the costs associated with leaving it refers to:

A)continuance commitment
B)affective commitment
C)ethical commitment
D)normative commitment
E)social influence

Question 10

The desire to remain a member of an organization due to emotional attachment to,and involvement with,an organization is called:

A)continuance commitment
B)affective commitment
C)embeddedness
D)normative commitment
E)social influence

Question 11

Staying in a job at an organization because you ought to reflects _______,whereas staying because you want to reflects _______ commitment.

A)continuance;affective
B)affective;continuance
C)continuance;normative
D)normative;continuance
E)normative;affective

Question 12

One way to understand the differences among the three forms of commitment is to ask yourself:

A)Who is serving as the focus of commitment?
B)How will you feel if you leave organization?
C)What incentive is the focus of attention?
D)What has inspired your focus of performance?
E)Who would be most affected if you left the organization?

Question 13

Bianca Bentley has been a loyal employee for the past 25 years at ABC International.However,Bianca does not enjoy her job anymore and has been receiving several offers and inquiries from head hunters for other interesting jobs.Bianca feels that she should stay at ABC because her pension weighs later years of service more than earlier and it will be far more valuable in the last five years of her employment with the company.This is an example of:

A)continuance commitment
B)affective commitment
C)ethical commitment
D)normative commitment
E)social influence

Question 14

Individuals with high level of withdrawal behaviour are likely to have:

A)an affinity for their organization and close ties to their supervisor
B)few opportunities for employment and personal growth outside of their present organization
C)multiple opportunities for job advancement within their present organization
D)a high level of organizational commitment
E)a low level of organizational commitment

Question 15

The focus of commitment could include all the following,except?

A)the work team
B)the company's top management
C)the department
D)specific coworkers
E)industry regulations

Question 16

Staying at a company because you want to reflects _______ commitment,whereas staying because you need to reflects _______ commitment.

A)continuance;affective
B)affective;continuance
C)continuance;normative
D)normative;continuance
E)normative;affective

Question 17

If some of your best friends work at the same company as you it is likely you would prioritize _______ reasons early in your work life.In later years however,once you are established,you are more likely to attribute your organizational commitment to _______ reasons.

A)normative;continuance
B)continuance;affective
C)normative;affective
D)affective;continuance
E)continuance;normative

Question 18

When a manager looks at an employee and says,"she's committed" or "he's loyal," that manager usually is referring to a behavioural expression of _______ commitment.

A)skill-based
B)affective
C)comprehensive
D)continuance
E)normative

Question 19

Hubert Hall has been a loyal employee for the past 25 years at XYZ International yet has not been enjoying his job as much in the past two years.Hubert feels obligated to stay with XYZ until he retires in five years because the company has invested a lot of time and money in him.This is an example of:

A)continuance commitment
B)affective commitment
C)embeddedness
D)normative commitment
E)social influence

Question 20

Sally likes Fitness Central,her new employer.She identifies with Fitness Central,has accepted Fitness Central's goals and values,and is more willing to exert extra effort on behalf of Fitness Central.Sally is experiencing _______ commitment.

A)normative
B)continuance
C)comprehensive
D)affective
E)skill-based

Question 21

The response to negative events at work that is an active,constructive response in which individuals attempt to improve the situation is referred to as:

A)voice
B)neglect
C)loyalty
D)exit
E)noise

Question 22

Employees who have direct linkages with "leavers" will themselves become more likely to leave.This is the _______ model.

A)social influence
B)embeddedness
C)erosion
D)decay
E)isolation

Question 23

Jody feels she should stay at her current job as principal of the local high school as it is the "right" or "moral" thing to do.Jody is experiencing:

A)continuance commitment
B)affective commitment
C)normative commitment
D)a cost-based commitment
E)embeddedness

Question 24

When two friends are discussing the possibility of an international transfer,one decides they will decline the transfer offer because they feel that it would not be right to uproot their family again.This decision to stay with their present employee is a result of:

A)affective commitment
B)normative commitment
C)continuance commitment
D)cost-based commitment
E)social influence

Question 25

The decline in interest and effort that Fred is experiencing in his job is referred to as:

A)voice
B)loyalty
C)neglect
D)exit
E)noise

Question 26

Larry is exhibiting which form of commitment?

A)Continuance commitment
B)Affective commitment
C)Obligation-based commitment
D)Normative commitment
E)Skill-based commitment

Question 27

The components of embeddedness include all of the following,except?

A)A person's links to the organization.
B)His or her sense of fit with that organization or community.
C)What he or she would have to sacrifice for a job change.
D)A person's links to the community.
E)The value of the incentives at other organizations.

Question 28

_______ exists when there is a sense that staying at a firm is the "right" or "moral" thing to do.

A)Normative commitment
B)Embeddedness
C)Social influence
D)Continuance commitment
E)Affective commitment

Question 29

Normative commitment might result from all of the following,except?

A)Personal work philosophies of employees.
B)Organizational socialization.
C)Creating a feeling that the employee is in the organization's debt.
D)Increasing the organization's charitable activities.
E)Developing a low-cost structure in the organization.

Question 30

The factors that increase normative commitment include:

A)number of competitors in an industry
B)availability of employment opportunities
C)a sense that the organization has invested in the employee
D)links to the local community
E)the value of the benefits at the other organization

Question 31

Julie Burns feels obligated to stay at her job even though she dislikes it.This is an example of:

A)continuance commitment
B)normative commitment
C)affective commitment
D)embeddedness
E)involvement commitment

Question 32

Organizational commitment should increase the likelihood that an individual will respond to a negative work event with which of the following?

A)Loyalty and exit
B)Exit and withdrawal
C)Voice and withdrawal
D)Loyalty and voice
E)Withdrawal and voice

Question 33

Employees with fewer or weaker bonds to others in the workplace are likely to feel less emotional attachment to work colleagues making it easier to decide to leave an organization.This is the _______ model.

A)social influence
B)social impact
C)erosion
D)decay
E)avoidance

Question 34

Amanda's reaction can be described as which of these?

A)voice
B)neglect
C)loyalty
D)exit
E)isolation

Question 35

All of the following are factors which increase continuance commitment,except?

A)Total amount of time invested in one's job.
B)Lack of employment alternatives.
C)Level of embeddedness.
D)Total amount of effort and energy invested in one's job.
E)Number of emotional attachments you have with colleagues.

Question 36

Moe is exhibiting which of these?

A)Continuance commitment
B)Affective commitment
C)Embeddedness
D)Normative commitment
E)Social influence

Question 37

Joe is exhibiting which of these?

A)Continuance commitment
B)Affective commitment
C)Embeddedness
D)Normative commitment
E)Social influence

Question 38

The work and non-work forces that bind us to our current employer is called:

A)normative commitment
B)affective commitment
C)industry regulations
D)embeddedness
E)social influence

Question 39

Organizational commitment should decrease the likelihood that an individual will respond to a negative work event with which of the following?

A)Loyalty and citizenship
B)Exit and performance
C)Neglect and exit
D)Performance and citizenship
E)Productivity and efficiency

Question 40

Mary's situation can be described using which of these?

A)Social influence model
B)Social impact model
C)Erosion model
D)Decay model
E)Embeddedness

Question 41

An employee will likely respond to negative events with _____ because they have the desire to offer constructive suggestions for change.

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)neglect
D)voice
E)dependability

Question 42

Perhaps the most widespread form of psychological withdrawal among white-collar employees is:

A)daydreaming
B)moonlighting
C)tardiness
D)absenteeism
E)cyberloafing

Question 43

William is dissatisfied with his new supervisor and has decided to seek a better career opportunity.This behaviour is an example of:

A)long breaks
B)missing meetings
C)absenteeism
D)tardiness
E)quitting

Question 44

A passive,destructive response in which interest and effort in the job declines is referred to as:

A)neglect.
B)exit.
C)voice.
D)loyalty.
E)influence.

Question 45

Jayne has a long list of personal business that needs to be completed,so she takes a day off to complete these errands.This behaviour exemplifies which withdrawal mechanism?

A)Long breaks
B)Missing meetings
C)Absenteeism
D)Tardiness
E)Quitting

Question 46

Which of the following describes actions that provide a mental escape from the work environment?

A)Physical withdrawal
B)Organizational commitment
C)Psychological withdrawal
D)Erosion model
E)Social influence model

Question 47

Johnathan is an accountant working for a large CA firm.When he uses his work time and resources to complete some of the cartoons he draws for the local newspaper he is said to be:

A)moonlighting
B)cyberloafing
C)socializing
D)looking busy
E)daydreaming

Question 48

The actions that provide a physical escape from the work environment is referred to as _______ withdrawal.

A)physical
B)psychological
C)psychosocial
D)social
E)cyber

Question 49

Withdrawal comes in two forms:

A)psychological and social
B)psychological and physical
C)psychological and mental
D)psychological and accidental
E)psychological and spiritual

Question 50

Which of the following is a form of physical withdrawal?

A)Daydreaming
B)Moonlighting
C)Socializing
D)Tardiness
E)Cyberloafing

Question 51

Ashton's reaction can be described as which of these?

A)voice
B)neglect
C)loyalty
D)exit
E)noise

Question 52

The actions that provide a mental escape from the work environment are referred to as ________ withdrawal.

A)physical
B)psychological
C)psychosocial
D)absenteeism
E)tardiness

Question 53

When Nathanial uses the Internet to check his personal email and sends instant messages to his friends during work hours,he is guilty of:

A)moonlighting
B)cyberloafing
C)abandoning
D)social loafing
E)daydreaming

Question 54

Which of these is not a form of psychological withdrawal?

A)Daydreaming
B)Moonlighting
C)Tardiness
D)Socializing
E)Cyberloafing

Question 55

Amber's reaction can be described as which of these?

A)voice
B)neglect
C)loyalty
D)exit
E)noise

Question 56

Nikki appears to be working but is frequently distracted by random thoughts or concerns she has about her personal life.Nikki is experiencing:

A)moonlighting
B)cyberloafing
C)socializing
D)tardiness
E)daydreaming

Question 57

An employee will likely respond to negative events with _____ because they possess the desire to remain a member of the organization.

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)neglect
D)voice
E)influence

Question 58

A passive,constructive response that maintains public support for the situation while the individual privately hopes for improvement is referred to as:

A)voice.
B)exit.
C)neglect.
D)loyalty.
E)ignorance.

Question 59

An active,destructive response by which an individual either ends or restricts organizational membership is referred to as:

A)voice.
B)exit.
C)loyalty.
D)neglect.
E)ignorance.

Question 60

Employees that respond to negative events with _____,have lost interest in their jobs and exert less effort.

A)loyalty
B)exit
C)influence
D)voice
E)neglect

Question 61

Which of the following concepts describe the degree to which employees believe that the organization values their contributions and care about their well-being?

A)Psychological contract
B)Employer loyalty
C)Perceived organizational support
D)Organizational commitment
E)Investment in human resources

Question 62

The most serious form of physical withdrawal is:

A)absenteeism.
B)tardiness.
C)long breaks.
D)quitting.
E)missing meetings.

Question 63

When various withdrawal behaviours positively correlate with one another and the withdrawal behaviours tend to have a causal sequence,that description summarizes the _______ model of withdrawal.

A)independent forms
B)compensatory forms
C)progression
D)attitudinal
E)embeddedness

Question 64

The degree of comfort with general living conditions,climate,cost of living,transportation,and housing offered by the host culture refers to _______ adjustment.

A)work
B)cultural
C)interaction
D)familial
E)organizational

Question 65

What type of contract is described as employees' beliefs about what the organization owes them?

A)Employment contract
B)Relational contract
C)Transactional contract
D)Contingent contract
E)Psychological contract

Question 66

The degree of comfort with specific job responsibilities and performance expectations refers to _______ adjustment.

A)work
B)cultural
C)interaction
D)familial
E)Work-life

Question 67

According to the textbook,a study compared the impact of a variety of human resources management practices on voluntary turnover and found that two of the most significant predictors were:

A)average pay level and quality of the benefits package
B)job security and pay level
C)more vacation and developmental opportunities
D)developmental opportunities and better benefits
E)job security and better benefits

Question 68

_____ indicates an intentional desire on the part of the employee to look like he/she is working,even when not performing work tasks.

A)Looking busy
B)Moonlighting
C)Daydreaming
D)Socializing
E)Cyberloafing

Question 69

_____ refers to the verbal chatting about non-work topics that goes on in cubicles and offices or at the mailbox or vending machines.

A)Tardiness
B)Moonlighting
C)Daydreaming
D)Socializing
E)Cyberloafing

Question 70

Organizational commitment is the desire on the part of an employee to remain a member of the organization.

Question 71

Which model of withdrawal has received the most scientific support?

A)Individualistic
B)Compensatory
C)Independent
D)Autonomous
E)Progression

Question 72

All the following are "exit" withdrawal behaviours,except?

A)tardiness
B)missing meetings
C)long breaks
D)looking busy
E)absenteeism

Question 73

Which of the following emotions is not characterized as survivor syndrome?

A)Anger
B)Fatigue
C)Depression
D)Fear
E)Distrust

Question 74

The degree of comfort with socializing and interacting with members of the host culture refers to _______ adjustment.

A)work
B)cultural
C)interaction
D)familial
E)organizational

Question 75

_____ reflects the tendency to arrive at work late or leave work early.

A)Daydreaming
B)Tardiness
C)Socializing
D)Moonlighting
E)Cyberloafing

Question 76

Which of the following forms of comfort relates significantly to affective commitment?

A)work,cultural,and familial
B)work,needs,and interaction
C)familial,cultural,and interaction
D)work,cultural,and interaction
E)mental,physical,and emotional

Question 77

All the following are ways for organizations to foster a sense of commitment among employees,except?

A)Increase the bonds that link employees together.
B)Keep salaries competitive even if employees get stuck in neutral when climbing the career ladder.
C)Create a salary and benefits package that creates a financial need to stay.
D)Provide various training and development opportunities for employees.
E)Stop the progression of withdrawal symptoms in its early stages by trying to root out the source of the reduced commitment.

Question 78

What are foreign-born employees less likely to feel in their current jobs?

A)Commitment
B)Job satisfaction
C)Loyalty
D)Embeddedness
E)Voice

Question 79

Paul is overheard saying,"I just don't have any respect for my employer anymore.In the beginning,I'd daydream a bit during work or socialize with my colleagues.As time went on,I began coming in late or taking a long lunch.Lately I've been staying home altogether,and I'm starting to think I should just quit my job and go somewhere else." Paul is summarizing the _______ model of withdrawal.

A)independent forms
B)compensatory forms
C)progression
D)attitudinal
E)isolation

Question 80

Which of the following is correlated with perceived organizational support?

A)Organizational commitment
B)Job satisfaction
C)Job performance
D)Loyalty
E)Retention