Deck 44: Specimen Collection and Processing

Question 1

When performing Gram staining,if the microorganisms on the slide are identified as Gram positive,they will appear:

A) bright red to maroon
B) bright yellow to dark orange
C) dark green to light blue
D) dark blue to violet

Answer 1

dark blue to violet

Question 2

When using the Ictotest,if the mat shows a _____ color,the urine sample contains bilirubin.

A) yellowish to orange
B) bluish to green
C) reddish to orange
D) bluish to purple

Answer 2

bluish to purple

Question 3

Urine specimens that have a high number of bacteria will have a characteristic smell of:

A) ammonia
B) bleach
C) sulfur
D) vinegar

Answer 3

ammonia

Question 4

Occult blood specimens from stools are common screening tools for early detection of:

A) colon cancer
B) leukemia
C) liver disease
D) stomach cancer

Question 5

It is recommended that a patient collect ____ specimen(s)for occult blood specimen testing.

A) no more than one
B) at least three
C) at least five
D) no more than five

Question 6

Specific gravity is defined as the weight of substances dissolved in a specimen as compared with those found in:

A) distilled water
B) pure alcohol
C) mineral water
D) iodine

Question 7

Unless the manufacturer's instructions state otherwise,proper handling of reagent strips includes all but which of the following?

A) keeping them refrigerated
B) protecting them from light
C) capping them tightly once a strip has been removed
D) protecting them from exposure to moisture

Question 8

When collecting a throat swab from a patient for the rapid test or routine culture,you swab:

A) the lips,cheeks,gums,teeth,tongue,and peritonsillar area
B) the cheeks,gums,and peritonsillar area
C) only the cheeks and peritonsillar area
D) only the peritonsillar area

Question 9

What color is bilirubin?

A) red to orange
B) blue to purple
C) yellow to orange
D) green to blue

Question 10

Catheterization is usually performed by a:

A) urologist
B) medical assistant
C) patient
D) general practitioner

Question 11

Reagent strips are:

A) expensive
B) unreliable
C) convenient
D) slow acting

Question 12

A urine sample from a patient with hepatitis will have a ____ foam if shaken.

A) white
B) green
C) orange
D) yellow

Question 13

If you notice that a urine specimen has a very strong ammonia-like smell,it probably indicates that the patient has:

A) low blood sugar
B) high blood sugar
C) phenylketonuria
D) a urinary tract infection

Question 14

What is the normal value of mucus in a urine sample?

A) heavy
B) much
C) slight
D) moderate

Question 15

If a urine specimen cannot be tested within an hour,it must be:

A) disposed of and replaced with a new specimen
B) reheated to body temperature on a warmer or stove
C) reheated to body temperature in a microwave
D) refrigerated

Question 16

During microscopic examination of a urine sample,bacteria and epithelial cells may be quantified as:

A) enlarged
B) few
C) clear
D) heavy

Question 17

Urine should be:

A) very alkaline
B) slightly alkaline
C) very acidic
D) slightly acidic

Question 18

When checking the clarity of a urine specimen,which of these descriptions is considered worst?

A) cloudy
B) turbid
C) hazy
D) clear

Question 19

For a midstream clean-catch specimen,patients should be instructed to cleanse the genital area _____ using an antiseptic wipe.

A) from back to front in a single motion
B) from front to back in a single motion
C) several times from side to side
D) back and forth several times from front to back

Question 20

When collecting a specimen for substance abuse analysis the ____ of a urine specimen is immediately checked for following collection and is recorded with the patient observing you.

A) pH
B) volume
C) temperature
D) color

Question 21

Match each term with its definition.
Measures the amount of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)in the blood or urine

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 22

Match each term with its definition.
The crystal violet that is applied first when using the staining technique

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 23

Match each term with its definition.
Introduction of a sterile plastic tube into the bladder

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 24

Match each term with its definition.
Condition in which large amounts of very dilute urine are excreted by the body

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 25

Match each term with its definition.
Normal by-product of hemoglobin degradation that occurs in the intestines by normal intestinal flora

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 26

Match each term with its definition.
Used to isolate gonorrhea from vaginal or penile excretions

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 27

Match each term with its definition.
Present in urine samples that have increased numbers of microorganisms,namely bacteria

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 28

Match each term with its definition.
Media that encourages the growth of all microorganisms

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 29

Match each term with its definition.
Agar that discourages the growth of certain organisms

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 30

Match each term with its definition.
Sterile swab with a soft tip that is brushed against the infected area and replaced in the sleeve of the collection device

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 31

Match each term with its definition.
Stain used when a patient is suspected of having tuberculosis

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 32

Match each term with its definition.
Once signed,this form releases you to collect a patient's urine specimen for substance abuse testing,prepare it for transport to a testing facility,and release the results to the agency requesting the testing

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 33

Match each term with its definition.
Presence of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the urine

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 34

Match each term with its definition.
Indicated for diagnostic analysis when a patient has an unresolved cough with mucus production

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 35

Match each term with its definition.
Drainage

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 36

Match each term with its definition.
Condition that occurs when the glucose level in the blood is greater than what the nephrons can reabsorb,causing the glucose to "spill over" into the urine

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 37

Match each term with its definition.
Precipitates albumin in a measurable visual state for reporting purposes

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 38

Match each term with its definition.
Indicates that the fat has been broken down and metabolized in the digestive tract

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 39

Match each term with its definition.
Cancer is detected in the sputum specimen through the use of this stain

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 40

Match each term with its definition.
Enzyme released by white blood cells when significant numbers of these cells are present in a fluid

A)catheterization
B)chain-of-custody
C)pregnancy test
D)sulfosalicylic acid (SSA)test
E)ketonuria
F)urobilinogen
G)hematuria
H)nitrite
I)esterase
J)glycosuria
K)diabetes insipidus
L)sputum specimens
M)Papanicolaou
N)exudate
O)culturette

Question 41

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Meningitis,pneumonia

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 42

Match each term with its definition.
Specialized test,performed only in a microbiology lab,that identifies the most appropriate antibiotic to be used as well as the lowest dose that is effective in combating an infection

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 43

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Indicates the disease includes cholesterol,tyrosine,cystine,leukocine,and sulfa

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 44

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Indicative of pathologic state in men

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 45

Match each term with its definition.
The ethanol or acetone used with the staining technique

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 46

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Females,5 to 10/hpf (unless on menstrual period)

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 47

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Reported as finely granular,coarsely granular,WBC casts,RBC casts,mixed cell casts,waxy,or fatty casts;indicative of a serious kidney (renal)problem and require immediate attention by the health care provider

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 48

Match each term with its definition.
Red stain

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 49

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Males,0 to 10/hpf

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 50

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Females,10 to 20/hpf

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 51

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Presence of this budding indicates infection with Candida albicans

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 52

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Should not be reported in females except in rape cases and then only under legal authority because it could be perceived as an invasion of privacy

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 53

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Calcium oxalate crystals might appear in individuals with high caffeine intake

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 54

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Causes whooping cough

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 55

Match each term with its definition.
Sea-green media used in culturing for tuberculosis

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 56

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Bordetella pertussis

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 57

Match each term with its definition.
Organism found in the intestinal tract that is commonly a source of infection in the urinary tract due to improper wiping of the anus

A)minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
B)primary media
C)selective media
D)Gram negative
E)Thayer-Martin plate
F)Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J)slant
G)primary dye
H)decolorizer
I)safranin
J)acid-fast stain

Question 58

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Causes tetanus (lockjaw)

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 59

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Causes leprosy

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 60

​Each laboratory has its own reporting system.Match the guidelines for normal values to the description provided.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Males 0

A)​WBCs
B)​RBCs
C)spermatozoa
D)​yeast
E)​crystals
F)​casts

Question 61

​The most accurate way to describe color and clarity is to decant (pour)the specimen into a clear tube so that the opaqueness of the collection container does not adversely affect your analysis of these properties.Match the clarity with the description provided.
​The print is fuzzy

A)​clear
B)​slightly hazy
C)​hazy
D)​cloudy or turbid

Question 62

​Identify CLIA-waived test(s)associated with the purpose of detecting pH,glucose,ketones,blood,bilirubin,urobilinogen,leukocytes,and specific gravity.

A) ​glucose
B) ​urinalysis
C) hemoglobin ​A1c
D) ​all of the above

Question 63

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Mycobacterium leprae

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 64

​The most accurate way to describe color and clarity is to decant (pour)the specimen into a clear tube so that the opaqueness of the collection container does not adversely affect your analysis of these properties.Match the clarity with the description provided.
​You cannot see the print at all

A)​clear
B)​slightly hazy
C)​hazy
D)​cloudy or turbid

Question 65

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Bacillus anthracis

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 66

​The most accurate way to describe color and clarity is to decant (pour)the specimen into a clear tube so that the opaqueness of the collection container does not adversely affect your analysis of these properties.Match the clarity with the description provided.
​You can easily read print through the tube containing the specimen

A)​clear
B)​slightly hazy
C)​hazy
D)​cloudy or turbid

Question 67

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Causes tuberculosis

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 68

​Analyzing health care results as reported in _________ and _________ also be a part of your duties.Each practice will have their own protocols on how to handle and distribute lab reports to the providers.

A) ​tables and specimen samples
B) ​graphs and tables
C) ​specimen samples and graphs
D) ​normal and abnormal values

Question 69

​Which is not one of the major areas of testing in the examination of the urine?

A) ​analytical
B) ​physical
C) ​chemical
D) ​microscopic

Question 70

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 71

​A brown color when describing urine is usually associated with:

A) ​blood
B) ​old blood
C) ​Pyridium
D) ​jaundice

Question 72

​The most accurate way to describe color and clarity is to decant (pour)the specimen into a clear tube so that the opaqueness of the collection container does not adversely affect your analysis of these properties.Match the clarity with the description provided.
​A few particles floating around in the specimen

A)​clear
B)​slightly hazy
C)​hazy
D)​cloudy or turbid

Question 73

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Haemophilus influenzae

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 74

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Clostridium tetani

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 75

​Match the staining characteristics of certain bacteria and the diseases they cause.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Causes anthrax

A)​Gram-positive reaction (+)
B)​Gram-negative reaction (−)
C)​Gram-variable reaction
​

Question 76

​Generally a sufficient amount of urine for testing would fill a _______ test tube with enough left over to wet the chemical test strip and be used for culture if ordered.

A) ​10 mL
B) ​10 mg
C) ​10 mcd
D) ​.01 mL

Question 77

​When documenting in the patient's chart and on the log books,the initials _________ would be used in the case of not having enough urine to perform the ordered testing,unless otherwise specified per laboratory protocol.

A) "CMA" (indicating the MAs credentialing and ability to perform the procedure)
B) "NSQ" (non-sufficient quantity)
C) ​"QNS" (quantity not sufficient)
D) ​any of the above