Deck 15: The Patient As an Individual

Question 1

Understanding Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs can help the health care professional to better understand:​

A) ​how all patients react to illness.
B) ​why patients need a lot of attention.
C) ​the motivations for patient behavior.
D) ​why cultural groups have different beliefs.

Answer 1

​the motivations for patient behavior.

Question 2

Many misunderstandings take place because what is considered polite by one cultural group is considered a sign of rudeness by another.​

Answer 2

True

Question 3

It is disrespectful to make assumptions about people based on their ethnic or cultural background.​

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Which statement best expresses the meaning of the Philosophy of Individual Worth?​

A) ​Patients who are most in need deserve the most attention.
B) ​Treat others as they treat you.
C) ​Every human being is entitled to respect.
D) ​Some people are worth more than others.

Question 5

Because they contain only natural products, herbal remedies are always safer than prescription medications.​

Question 6

In order to move up through the levels in Maslow's Hierarchy, every need at the previous level must be met.​

Question 7

We may value our own beliefs and customs, but there is not an "only way" or "best way" to live.​

Question 8

The main characteristic of traditional Western medicine as practiced by the majority of physicians in the United States is the:​

A) ​belief that the mind greatly influences the individual's state of health.
B) ​use of practices that are hundreds of years old.
C) ​emphasis on the relationship of the body, mind, and spirit.
D) ​use of scientific methods.

Question 9

Why is the term "minority group" no longer very effective in describing certain ethnic groups in the United States today?​

A) ​Group members do not like the term.
B) ​There are now too many groups to classify.
C) ​These groups now make up significant percentages of the total population.
D) ​Affirmative action prohibits its use.

Question 10

Which of the following is the best definition of "culture"?​

A) ​All factors that influence an individual's beliefs and actions
B) ​Habits that make up an individual's daily life
C) ​Country of family origin
D) ​Native language and religion

Question 11

The best way to deal with one's own prejudices is to:​

A) ​deny having them.
B) ​strive to be aware of them.
C) ​accept them.
D) ​ignore them.

Question 12

Health care professionals should not interpret negatively a patient's lack of eye contact.​

Question 13

Personal prejudices are difficult to recognize in ourselves because they become part of our belief system.​

Question 14

What is the best response to a patient who tells you that he feels much better after trying a "cure" that is practiced by his cultural group but that you know may have dangerous consequences?​

A) ​Say nothing.
B) ​"I'm glad you're feeling better."
C) ​"You know that is really dumb!"
D) ​"Why do you think that helped you?"

Question 15

When working with patients who have health care beliefs that differ from yours, it is always best to respect these beliefs and assume that the "patient knows best."​

Question 16

The term "dominant culture" refers to the customs that:​

A) ​are the only correct way to live.
B) ​reflect the accepted values of society as a whole.
C) ​should guide every action taken by members of society.
D) ​are fair to everyone.

Question 17

Cultures have different beliefs about appropriate personal space.What does this term refer to?​

A) ​Comfortable distance between people in conversation
B) ​Individual's need for privacy
C) ​Type of touching allowed
D) ​Topics that can be discussed with strangers

Question 18

Most individuals whose native language is Spanish have the same beliefs and customs.​

Question 19

The need to work efficiently and be on time for appointments is a value shared by all cultures.​

Question 20

When assessing the needs of patients, it is disrespectful for the health care professional to:​

A) ​collect information about their health care beliefs.
B) ​make assumptions about their cultural backgrounds.
C) ​realize that their values may be different from their own.
D) ​ask about their family relationships.

Question 21

Match each defense mechanism with a corresponding behavior below.​
​A patient claims he cannot stop smoking because his family life is too stressful.

A)​Compensation
B)​Denial
C)​Displacement
D)​Projection
E)​Rationalization
F)​Regression
G)​Withdrawal

Question 22

Match each defense mechanism with a corresponding behavior below.​
​A medical assistant is rude to coworkers after having a fight with his spouse.

A)​Compensation
B)​Denial
C)​Displacement
D)​Projection
E)​Rationalization
F)​Regression
G)​Withdrawal

Question 23

Match each defense mechanism with a corresponding behavior below.​
​A 12-year-old patient wets the bed during a hospital stay.

A)​Compensation
B)​Denial
C)​Displacement
D)​Projection
E)​Rationalization
F)​Regression
G)​Withdrawal

Question 24

Match each term with the correct explanation below.​
​Belief that illness can be cured through prayer

A)​Faith healing
B)​Evil eye
C)​Charm
D)​Humors
E)​Yin and yang
F)​T'ai chi
G)​Hot-cold principle
H)​Home remedies

Question 25

When giving instructions to a patient who speaks limited English, it is best to:​

A) ​speak slowly and more loudly than normal.
B) ​give the instructions both orally and in printed form.
C) ​ask the patient if he understands what you are saying.
D) ​ask the patient to explain in his own words or demonstrate the instructions.

Question 26

Match each term with the correct explanation below.​
​Protects against evil spirits

A)​Faith healing
B)​Evil eye
C)​Charm
D)​Humors
E)​Yin and yang
F)​T'ai chi
G)​Hot-cold principle
H)​Home remedies

Question 27

Match each term with the correct explanation below.​
​Include medications prepared from roots and herbs

A)​Faith healing
B)​Evil eye
C)​Charm
D)​Humors
E)​Yin and yang
F)​T'ai chi
G)​Hot-cold principle
H)​Home remedies

Question 28

Match each need from Maslow's Hierarchy with the appropriate examples below.​
​Confidence in own abilities, achievement of personal goals

A)​Physiological
B)​Safety and security
C)​Love and affection
D)​Esteem
E)​Self-actualization

Question 29

If an elderly patient appears to be of Chinese background, it is best to:​

A) ​ask questions about her health beliefs and preferences.
B) ​assume that she distrusts Western medicine.
C) ​proceed with care as you would with any other patient.
D) ​refer her to a Chinese medicine practitioner.

Question 30

Match each need from Maslow's Hierarchy with the appropriate examples below.​
​Peaceful sleep, adequate oxygen

A)​Physiological
B)​Safety and security
C)​Love and affection
D)​Esteem
E)​Self-actualization

Question 31

Match each need from Maslow's Hierarchy with the appropriate examples below.​
​Positive feelings of self-worth

A)​Physiological
B)​Safety and security
C)​Love and affection
D)​Esteem
E)​Self-actualization

Question 32

Match each term with the correct explanation below.​
​Classification of illnesses by temperature with corresponding medications and foods

A)​Faith healing
B)​Evil eye
C)​Charm
D)​Humors
E)​Yin and yang
F)​T'ai chi
G)​Hot-cold principle
H)​Home remedies

Question 33

The typical personal space between close friends who belong to the dominant culture of the United States is about:​

A) ​6 inches.
B) 12 inches.
C) 18 inches.
D) 24 inches.

Question 34

Which is the best way for the health care professional to interact with an elderly patient whose husband recently died of cancer?​

A) ​Avoid mentioning the death of her husband.
B) ​Be willing to discuss it if she wants to talk about it.
C) ​Act as if nothing has happened.
D) ​Avoid extensive contact with the patient.

Question 35

Match each term with the correct explanation below.​
​Opposing energy forces that influence health

A)​Faith healing
B)​Evil eye
C)​Charm
D)​Humors
E)​Yin and yang
F)​T'ai chi
G)​Hot-cold principle
H)​Home remedies

Question 36

Match each term with the correct explanation below.​
​Body fluids that control the state of health

A)​Faith healing
B)​Evil eye
C)​Charm
D)​Humors
E)​Yin and yang
F)​T'ai chi
G)​Hot-cold principle
H)​Home remedies

Question 37

Match each need from Maslow's Hierarchy with the appropriate examples below.​
​Strong friendships, good family relationships

A)​Physiological
B)​Safety and security
C)​Love and affection
D)​Esteem
E)​Self-actualization

Question 38

Match each need from Maslow's Hierarchy with the appropriate examples below.​
Freedom from anxiety, strategies to deal with stress​

A)​Physiological
B)​Safety and security
C)​Love and affection
D)​Esteem
E)​Self-actualization

Question 39

Match each term with the correct explanation below.​
​Movements that promote flexibility and healthy joints

A)​Faith healing
B)​Evil eye
C)​Charm
D)​Humors
E)​Yin and yang
F)​T'ai chi
G)​Hot-cold principle
H)​Home remedies

Question 40

Match each term with the correct explanation below.​
​Stare believed to cause physical harm

A)​Faith healing
B)​Evil eye
C)​Charm
D)​Humors
E)​Yin and yang
F)​T'ai chi
G)​Hot-cold principle
H)​Home remedies

Question 41

Match each defense mechanism with a corresponding behavior below.​
​A recently divorced respiratory therapist declines all invitations for social activities.

A)​Compensation
B)​Denial
C)​Displacement
D)​Projection
E)​Rationalization
F)​Regression
G)​Withdrawal

Question 42

Match each defense mechanism with a corresponding behavior below.​
​A patient refuses to believe her diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

A)​Compensation
B)​Denial
C)​Displacement
D)​Projection
E)​Rationalization
F)​Regression
G)​Withdrawal

Question 43

Discuss the following statement: "Being sensitive to the needs of patients is a prerequisite for establishing good communication." Include in your answer the various influences that determine a patient's behavior as well as effective ways for the health care professional to determine the patient's individual needs.​

Question 44

Many cultures believe that good health requires integrating the mind, body, and __________.​

Question 45

List at least eight examples of treatments accepted by various cultures for curing illness.​

Question 46

Many members of the large __________ community in San Francisco have retained their language and traditional customs.​

Question 47

Match each defense mechanism with a corresponding behavior below.​
​A health care professional constantly criticizes everyone's work and then accuses her supervisor of being too tough when her own work is corrected.

A)​Compensation
B)​Denial
C)​Displacement
D)​Projection
E)​Rationalization
F)​Regression
G)​Withdrawal

Question 48

For some Asians, the __________ is/are considered sacred and should not be touched unless necessary for diagnosis or treatment.​

Question 49

Match each defense mechanism with a corresponding behavior below.​
​A young man drinks heavily after his wife dies of cancer.

A)​Compensation
B)​Denial
C)​Displacement
D)​Projection
E)​Rationalization
F)​Regression
G)​Withdrawal

Question 50

_______________ means having negative opinions about individuals because they belong to certain cultural or ethnic groups.​

Question 51

Unconscious and usually ineffective behaviors that are performed to relieve fear and anxiety are called _________________________.​

Question 52

List at least five ways that health care professionals can help reinforce the self-esteem of patients.​

Question 53

List at least five different cultural beliefs about the causes of diseases.​

Question 54

How can health care professionals increase feelings of security of patients who are hospitalized?​