Question 1

Which of the following expresses the national character of Japan expressed through the notion of kokutai in the Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan (Source 20.2)?&#10;A) &#34;The views of the world and of life that form the basis of these ideologies ...lay the highest value on,and assert the liberty and equality of,individuals....&#34;&#10;B) &#34;[T]he relationship between the Emperor and his subjects arises from the same fountainhead,and has prospered ever since the founding of the nation as one in essence....&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Just as our ancestors did not receive the soil on which we live today as a gift from Heaven,but had to fight for it at the risk of their lives,in the future no folkish grace will win soil for us ...but only the might of a victorious sword....&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Those who want to live,let them fight,and those who do not want to fight in this world of eternal struggle do not deserve to live....&#34;

Accepted Answer

Choice B describes the relationship between the Emperor and his subjects as being essential to Japan's national character, which is expressed through the notion of kokutai in the Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan. Choices A, C, and D do not pertain to the concept of kokutai or Japan's national character as defined in the source.

Question 2

Which of the following reflects Hitler's view of the Aryan as expressed in Mein Kampf (Source 20.1)?&#10;A) &#34;He is the Prometheus of mankind ....&#34;&#10;B) &#34;He lacks completely the most essential requirement for a cultured people ....&#34;&#10;C) &#34;[H]e refuses the state the means for its self-preservation ....&#34;&#10;D) &#34;And so he tries systematically to lower the racial level by a continuous poisoning of individuals.&#34;

Accepted Answer

In Mein Kampf, Hitler idealized the Aryan race, attributing to it superior qualities and presenting it as the progenitor of culture and civilization, akin to the mythological figure Prometheus who brought fire (knowledge) to mankind.

Question 3

Both Mein Kampf and the Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan (Sources 20.1 and 20.2)portray the best form of government as one in which&#10;A) decisions are made by majority vote.&#10;B) authority is divided into three branches.&#10;C) power is in the hands of one person.&#10;D) force is regularly used to ensure compliance.

Accepted Answer

Both Mein Kampf and the Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan depict the best form of government as one in which power is centralized in the hands of one person. Hitler believed in a strong and authoritative leader who could guide the nation towards its goals, while the Japanese leaders believed that the emperor should have absolute power to unify the country and advance its interests. Majority vote and the division of authority into branches are associated with democratic governments, which were rejected by these totalitarian ideologies. The use of force may be employed by these regimes to maintain order and suppress dissent, but it is not the defining characteristic of the best form of government as portrayed in these texts.

Question 4

Which of the following reflects an understanding of the state articulated in the Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan (Source 20.2)?&#10;A) &#34;An individual is an existence belonging to the State and her history,which forms the basis of his origin,and is fundamentally one body with it....&#34;&#10;B) &#34;The State is only a means to an end....Above all,it must preserve the existence of the race ....&#34;&#10;C) The state &#34;functions in such a way as to lead its people to a position of supreme liberty by the progressive development of the intellectual and cultural faculties.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;It will be the task of the People's State to make the race the centre of the life of the community.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The statement "An individual is an existence belonging to the State and her history, which forms the basis of his origin, and is fundamentally one body with it...." reflects an understanding of the state as articulated in the Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan. This principle emphasizes the individual's duty to serve the state and the community, leading to a harmonious society where individuals work together for the good of the state. The other options do not reflect the understanding of the state articulated in the Cardinal Principles of the National Entity of Japan. Option B emphasizes the preservation of the race over the well-being of the state; Option C emphasizes the development of intellectual and cultural faculties over the interests of the state, and Option D suggests that the race is the center of the community rather than the state.

Question 5

In Mein Kampf (Source 20.1),Hitler identified as a goal of Nazi foreign policy "to secure for the German people the land and soil to which they are entitled on this earth." Where was the "land and soil" he had in mind?

A) Britain
B) France
C) The United States
D) The Russian Empire

Accepted Answer

In Mein Kampf, Hitler outlined his vision of Lebensraum or "living space" for the German people. He believed that this living space could be attained through the conquest of Eastern Europe, particularly the Russian Empire. Therefore, the "land and soil" he had in mind was the territories of Eastern Europe that were under Soviet control.

Deck 21: A: Collapse at the Center World War, Depression, and the Rebalancing of Global Power 1914-1970s