Deck 19: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Question 1

Recycled iron from macrophages is delivered to the bone marrow bound to:

A) ferritin.
B) hemoglobin.
C) hemosiderin.
D) transferrin.

Answer 1

transferrin.

Question 2

Which of the following types of white blood cells contain preformed granules of vasoactive amines?

A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Monocytes
D) Basophils

Answer 2

Basophils

Question 3

All of the following properties allow erythrocytes to function as gas carriers except:

A) biconcavity.
B) reversible deformability.
C) presence of hemoglobin in cytoplasm.
D) presence of many mitochondria.

Answer 3

presence of many mitochondria.

Question 4

The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the:

A) eosinophil.
B) lymphocyte.
C) macrophage.
D) neutrophil.

Question 5

The main site of hematopoiesis in the fetus is the:

A) bone marrow.
B) liver.
C) lymph nodes.
D) spleen.

Question 6

Plasma proteins synthesized by lymphocytes in the lymph nodes are:

A) globulins.
B) albumins.
C) clotting factors.
D) complement proteins.

Question 7

Which of the following participate in hematopoiesis?

A) Colony-stimulating factors
B) Eosinophils
C) Basophils
D) Neutrophils

Question 8

A blood sample is analyzed in a laboratory. Assuming a normal sample, which type of white blood cell accounts for the highest percentage?

A) Neutrophils
B) Eosinophils
C) Monocytes
D) Lymphocytes

Question 9

Hemoglobin contains heme groups that allow it to carry oxygen. How many oxygen molecules can one molecule of hemoglobin carry?

A) One
B) Two
C) Four
D) Eight

Question 10

A 45-year-old female undergoes splenectomy to remove a tumor. Which of the following is most likely to occur following surgery?

A) Leukocytosis
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Decreased red blood cell count
D) Increased white blood cell count

Question 11

In addition to playing a role in hemostasis, platelets have the ability to:

A) stimulate bone marrow production of erythrocytes.
B) release biochemical mediators of inflammation.
C) undergo cell division in response to bleeding.
D) activate a humoral response.

Question 12

The greatest proportion of total body iron is located in the:

A) erythrocytes.
B) spleen pulp.
C) bone marrow.
D) liver tissue.

Question 13

_____ is an unstable type of hemoglobin that cannot bind with oxygen.

A) Deoxyhemoglobin
B) Oxyhemoglobin
C) Methemoglobin
D) Glycosylated hemoglobin

Question 14

Erythropoietin is produced in the:

A) liver.
B) bone marrow.
C) kidneys.
D) spleen.

Question 15

During an infection, lymph nodes enlarge and become tender because:

A) macrophages are rapidly dividing.
B) edema accumulates within the fibrous capsule.
C) microorganisms are accumulating.
D) the nodes are not functioning properly.

Question 16

A cell that can differentiate into any tissue type is referred to as:

A) hematopoietic.
B) pluripotent.
C) blastocyst.
D) blastomere.

Question 17

A group of cells is isolated in the laboratory. The cells have membrane-bound granules in their cytoplasm, and they show phagocytic activity. Which of the following cells is most similar?

A) Monocyte
B) Macrophage
C) Lymphocyte
D) Eosinophils

Question 18

The most abundant cells in the blood are:

A) leukocytes.
B) lymphocytes.
C) erythrocytes.
D) thrombocytes.

Question 19

Monocytes are blood cells that mature (differentiate) into:

A) macrophages.
B) neutrophils.
C) eosinophils.
D) mast cells.

Question 20

After birth, red blood cells are normally made only in the:

A) liver and bone marrow.
B) liver and spleen.
C) bone marrow.
D) spleen and bone marrow.

Question 21

A newborn baby is diagnosed with a blood disorder in which her platelet count is low. Which of the following could be the reason?

A) Increased megakaryocytes
B) Increased cell division
C) Decreased thrombopoietin
D) Decreased spleen function

Question 22

A newborn baby has a clotting disorder that results in her body being unable to produce thrombin. Which of the following phases of platelet degranulation would be impossible?

A) Subendothelial exposure
B) Adhesion
C) Activation
D) Aggregation

Question 23

Which electrolyte is necessary for normal platelet function?

A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Magnesium
D) Calcium

Question 24

Fibrinolysis is mediated by:

A) heparin.
B) fibrinogen.
C) plasmin.
D) albumin.

Question 25

Secretion of erythropoietin is stimulated by:

A) low blood pressure.
B) hypercarbia.
C) inflammation.
D) hypoxia.

Question 26

Which of the following molecules is the insoluble end product of the clotting cascade?

A) Collagen
B) Fibrinogen
C) Thrombin
D) Fibrin

Question 27

Which of the following nutritional components is needed for erythropoiesis?

A) Cobalamin
B) Vitamin B₁
C) Vitamin D
D) Zinc

Question 28

After erythrocytes have circulated for about 120 days, they are removed by macrophages, which are mainly in the:

A) liver.
B) spleen.
C) appendix.
D) bone marrow.