Introduction to Epidemiology 6th Edition by Ray M Merrill

Exercise 1

Refer to the cause-specific death rates in Table 1, and discuss possible reasons for the differences between males and females.

Table 1 Age-Adjusted (2000 U.S. Standard Population) Cause-Specific Death Rates per 100,000 for Males and Females in 2007 in the United States

	Males	Females	Ratio
All causes	905.6	643.4	1.4
Diseases of the heart	237.7	154.0	1.5
Cerebrovascular diseases	42.5	41.3	1.0
Malignant neoplasms	217.5	151.3	1.4
Chronic lower respiratory diseases	48.0	36.0	1.3
HIV/AIDS	5.4	2.1	2.6
Motor vehicle-related injuries	20.9	8.2	2.5
Homicide	9.6	2.5	3.8
Suicide	18.4	4.7	3.9
Firearm related injuries	18.2	2.7	6.7
Occupational injury (2008 data)	6.1	0.6	10.2

Source: Modified from National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 2010 with Chartbook on Trends in the Health of Americans. Hyattsville, MD: NCHS; 2010, Tables 24, 42.

Step 1 of 2

Descriptive data is defined as the level that characterizes the person who is getting the disease. It includes gender, age, occupation, education, marital, race as well as ethnicity. Descriptive data in terms of place refers to the place where the event is occurring or health related sates.

These records are useful in doing comparison within geographic regions, as well as in groups after and before migration as well as between the twins that are raised in separate settings.

Population is characterized based on standard variables as well as traits, which includes demographics as well as clinical characteristics of any disease. Health related events or states are linked with health issues.