Urinalysis and Body Fluids 6th Edition by Majorie DiLorenzo, Susan Strasinger

Exercise 45

The most common composition of renal calculi is:

A. Calcium oxalate

B. Magnesium ammonium phosphate

C. Cystine

D. Uric acid

Step 1 of 2

Renal calculi:

Renal calculi or kidney stones formed in ureters and bladder, calyces and pelvis of kidney.

• pH, urinary stasis and chemical concentrations favors renal calculi formation.

• 75% of renal calculi consist of calcium phosphate or calcium oxalate.

• Other primary calculi components are uric acid, magnesium ammonium phosphate and cystine.

• Calcium calculi are related with metabolic phosphate and calcium disorders.

• Magnesium ammonium phosphate calculi related with urinary infections.

• Uric acid calculi are associated with uromodulin related kidney disease.

• Cystine calculi are associated with cystine metabolism disorders.

Therefore, “calcium oxalate” forms major composition of renal calculi. Hence, the correct answer is option .