Question 1

Patient-controlled analgesia can be administered via all of the following routes EXCEPT:&#10;A)transdermally.&#10;B)epidurally.&#10;C)inhalation.&#10;D)administration into a peripheral vein.&#10;E)administration into a central vein.

Accepted Answer

inhalation.

Question 2

During patient-controlled analgesia (PCA),the lockout interval is:&#10;A)the time between the end of surgery and the start of PCA.&#10;B)the time between activation of the delivery device and the onset of analgesia.&#10;C)the number of days that PCA is used before switching to more traditional pain medications.&#10;D)the minimum amount of time between each demand dose.&#10;E)the minimum amount of time between each loading dose.

Accepted Answer

The lockout interval during patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is the minimum amount of time between each demand dose. This helps prevent overdosing and ensures that the patient does not receive too much medication too quickly. The lockout interval can be set by the healthcare provider and is typically between 5-15 minutes, depending on the medication and patient's individual needs.

Question 3

Patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEI)is achieved by administering drugs directly into the:&#10;A)superior vena cava.&#10;B)right atrium of the heart.&#10;C)third ventricle of the brain.&#10;D)subarachnoid space.&#10;E)none of the above

Accepted Answer

Patient-controlled epidural analgesia involves administering drugs into the epidural space, not any of the options listed.

Question 4

The use of a single large dose of pain medication to establish analgesia prior to patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)is known as:&#10;A)the loading dose.&#10;B)the demand dose.&#10;C)the background infusion rate.&#10;D)the postoperative sedative.&#10;E)none of the above

Accepted Answer

This is known as a loading dose, as it "loads" the patient with a sufficient amount of pain medication to establish analgesia before the patient is able to self-administer medication through the PCA pump.

Question 5

When compared to traditional opioid analgesia,patient controlled analgesia may provide adequate pain control,but there is also:&#10;A)an increased risk of side effects such as sedation,pruritus,and gastrointestinal problems.&#10;B)an increased risk of tolerance and physical dependence.&#10;C)decreased patient satisfaction with the PCA technique.&#10;D)all of the above&#10;E)none of the above

Accepted Answer

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is generally associated with a decreased risk of side effects and increased patient satisfaction compared to traditional opioid administration, as it allows patients to manage their pain more effectively.

Question 6

The amount of drug that is self-administered by the patient each time he or she activates a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)device is known as the:&#10;A)loading dose.&#10;B)demand dose.&#10;C)background infusion rate.&#10;D)minimal dose rate.&#10;E)maximal dose rate.

Accepted Answer

The amount of drug that the patient self-administers each time he or she activates a PCA device is called the demand dose. It is the dose that meets the patient's demand for pain relief. The loading dose is the initial dose given to achieve therapeutic concentrations quickly. The background infusion rate is a continuous rate of medication that is given in addition to the demand dose. The minimal and maximal dose rates are the lowest and highest limits of doses that can be programmed into the device, respectively.

Question 7

The technique in which the patient self-administers small doses of a pain medication (usually an opioid)at relatively frequent intervals to provide optimal pain relief is known as:&#10;A)traditional oral pain medication.&#10;B)intracranial drug delivery.&#10;C)patient-controlled analgesia.&#10;D)continuous transdermal drug administration.&#10;E)none of the above

Accepted Answer

Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a technique in which the patient self-administers small doses of a pain medication (usually an opioid) at relatively frequent intervals to provide optimal pain relief. The patient has control over the amount and frequency of the medication, but there are built-in safety mechanisms to prevent overdoses. PCA has been shown to be effective in managing postoperative pain, cancer pain, and other types of pain.

Deck 17: Patient-Controlled Analgesia