Deck 2: Deciding Whats Right: a Prescriptive Approach

Question 1

It is good advice to go with your gut.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

An appearance of a conflict of interest can be as damaging as an actual conflict.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Ethical dilemmas represent conflicts in values.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A _______________ is any person or group with a standing in the issue at hand.

Question 5

If you are asked to make hastily a decision that you believe raises potential ethical issues you should be a good team player and proceed with the decision.

Question 6

A challenge involved in using a strictly consequentialist approach is that it is often difficult to obtain the information required to evaluate all of the consequences for all stakeholders who may be directly or indirectly affected by an action or decision.

Question 7

Generally,ethical dilemmas are not routine.Therefore,there is no way that an individual can be prepared or informed for a problem ahead of time.

Question 8

A virtue ethics perspective requires a moral actor to look to the community that will hold the moral actor to the highest ethical standard and support the moral actor's intention to be a virtuous person.

Question 9

A major challenge of deontological approaches is deciding which duty,obligation,right,or principle takes precedence because ethical dilemma often pit these against each other.

Question 10

According to Lawrence Kohlberg,developer of a key theory of moral reasoning,role taking is useless as nothing is gained by putting yourself in the shoes of others.

Question 11

Utilitarianism is the best known example of a consequential theory

Question 12

Although all of the philosophical approaches have limitations,an individual must choose one approach and follow its guidance in every situation.

Question 13

Creativity and thinking out of the box are just a scoundrel's way of saying that coming up with alternatives in solving how you handle ethical issues are valuable skills to keep you from getting caught.

Question 14

Despite the disclosure rule,making decisions in private to avoid negative reaction is generally best for a business as it safeguards your firm's reputation and keeps competitive information away from your competitors.

Question 15

A virtue ethics perspective considers the actor's character,motivations,and intentions.

Question 16

Most business managers rely on a deontological approach.

Question 17

An ethical dilemma is defined as a situation where two or more "right" values are in conflict.

Question 18

In business,concerning yourself with how your decision making affects stakeholders is useless given the number of stakeholders and their different interests.

Question 19

Business managers generally rely on the consequentialist approach.

Question 20

The consequentialist approach protects the rights of the minority.

Question 21

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
It is difficult to obtain the information required to evaluate all of the consequences for all indirect and direct stakeholders.

Question 22

The prescriptive approach is to ____________ as the descriptive approach is to _____________.

A)psychology;philosophy
B)philosophy;psychology
C)would;does
D)none of the above

Question 23

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
Focuses on doing what is "right" based on broad,absolute and universal moral principles or values

Question 24

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
The rights of a minority group can easily be sacrificed for the benefit of the majority (for example,slavery in the United States).

Question 25

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
An individual's principles may be in conflict with what is best and causes the least amount of harm to another individual.For example,an individual who believes that he or she should not lie would be conflicted about telling the Nazi's he or she is hiding Jews in the basement.

Question 26

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
Focuses on the results or consequences of the decision or action.

Question 27

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
A philosophical tradition that began with Aristotle and primarily considers the actor's character,motivations,and intentions.

Question 28

The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on how people actually make ethical decisions.

A)prescriptive
B)descriptive
C)illustrative
D)regulatory

Question 29

You are working with an important vendor who has offered you a "sweet" deal.However,the vendor has made it clear that he wants a decision now and your internal warning system (i.e.your gut)is telling you that this deal might be an ethical dilemma.Using what you have learned from this chapter,briefly describe how you should proceed.Will you answer him now? How will you think about the "dilemma" and respond to the vendor?

Question 30

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
This approach that stresses community standards is limited in business because in many areas of business there is limited agreement about what the standards are.

Question 31

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
"What kind of world would this be if everyone behaved this way or made this kind of decision in this type of situation?"

Question 32

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
For example,followers of this approach would rely on Western biblical tradition or moral intuition for guidance.

Question 33

The __________ challenges one to ask,"how would you feel if your behavior appeared in The Wall Street Journal?"

A)veil of ignorance
B)categorical imperative
C)disclosure rule
D)confession constraint

Question 34

The ___________ states that an ethical decision should maximize benefits to society and minimize harms.

A)principle of value
B)theory of cost-benefit analysis
C)principle of efficacy
D)principle of utility

Question 35

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
The______________ approach best known as consequentialist theory is Utilitarianism.

Question 36

The ___________ approach to ethical decision making focuses on what decision an individual should make.

A)prescriptive
B)descriptive
C)illustrative
D)regulatory

Question 37

Reference: Matching Key Terms and Descriptions (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological (or Consequential)approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
Focuses on the integrity of the moral actor.

Question 38

Reference: Matching Approach and Weakness (each can be used more than once)
a)Deontological approach
b)Teleological approach
c)Virtue ethics approach
A major challenge is deciding which duty,obligation,right,or principle takes precedence.