Deck 14: Collective Bargaining and Labor Relations

Question 1

Under a neutrality provision,the employer pledges to oppose organizing attempts elsewhere in the company.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Industrial relations systems ensure that acceptance always translates into convergence of interests.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

At the most general level,the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)holds a union representation election if a minimum of 70 percent of employees in the bargaining unit sign authorization cards.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A major goal of labor unions is bargaining effectiveness,because with it comes the power and influence to make the employees' voices heard and to effect changes in the workplace.

Question 5

The National Labor Relations Board's (NLRB's)two major functions are to conduct and certify representation elections and to prevent unfair labor practices.

Question 6

Enforcement of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)rests with the American Arbitration Association.

Question 7

Europe and the United States compete to see what has more regulations and higher levels of union membership.Currently the United States is leading with more regulations and higher levels of union membership.

Question 8

In collective bargaining,an important element of power is the relative ability of each party to withstand a strike.

Question 9

At the strategic level,management and unions meet head-on over the issue of union organizing.

Question 10

At the strategic level,management makes basic choices such as whether to work with its union(s)or to devote its efforts to developing nonunion operations.

Question 11

Once a union has been certified,the parties to the contract have the right to bar an outside party from holding an election for more than three years.

Question 12

During distributive bargaining negotiations,management was successful at conceding on vacation increases,but the unions lost on wage supplements.

Question 13

Labor unions' major benefit to society is the institutionalization of industrial conflict.

Question 14

According to John Dunlop,an effective industrial relations system eliminates conflict.

Question 15

If an airline's employees decide to strike,there will be no loss of revenue,since there are other airlines to choose from.

Question 16

If management voluntarily recognizes a union or if a union already represents employees,the focus is shifted from dealing with employees as individuals to dealing with them as a group.

Question 17

Corporate campaigns seek to put public,financial,or political pressure on employers during the organizing (and negotiating)process.

Question 18

Both the public and private sectors use mediation to facilitate negotiations.

Question 19

Associate union membership is linked to an employee's workplace and provides representation in collective bargaining.

Question 20

It is the start of negotiations and Jesse needs to reserve a room.It will be fine if she finds a small room,as there tends to be fewer people in attendance at the beginning of negotiations.By the end,she will need a large room with overflow space.

Question 21

Worker representation on advisory boards is mandated by law in the United States,but not in Europe.

Question 22

Much of the public-sector union growth has occurred in the service industry and among white-collar employees.

Question 23

According to John Dunlop,which of the following is required for an industrial relations system to be successful?

A)The system must always translate acceptance into convergence of interests.
B)The system should completely eliminate conflict.
C)The system should be independent of the environmental context.
D)The system should consist of participants that have a common ideology.
E)The system should exclude mechanisms such as collective bargaining.

Question 24

When Pop Soda Distribution began discussion with the union,it was determined that it would be better to use ________ than have a strike.

A)benchmarking
B)delayering
C)attitudinal structuring
D)collective bargaining
E)exempting

Question 25

Which of the following is a reason for an industrial relations system to adopt collective bargaining?

A)Government involvement speeds up conflict resolution.
B)Conflict resolution by the courts involves firsthand knowledge of the circumstances.
C)Unilateral control by management often sacrifices workers' rights.
D)The existing union considers a strike to be more effective than a discussion.
E)The existing unions are not institutionalized.

Question 26

In a collective bargaining contract,factors related to hiring and transfer arrangements are typically covered under the ________ provision.

A)wage determination
B)job or income security
C)special groups
D)plant operations
E)employee benefit plans

Question 27

Most national unions are composed of multiple local units and are affiliated with the

A)American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO).
B)National Union of Government Employees.
C)Public Works and Public Service Workers Trade Union.
D)American Federation of Government Employees.
E)Service Employees International Union.

Question 28

Because the United States does not have a strong history of deep,class-based divisions in society,the unionization rate and coverage are low when compared to those in Europe.

Question 29

In a collective bargaining contract,factors related to profit sharing and stock purchase are typically covered under the ________ provision.

A)wage determination
B)job or income security
C)special groups
D)plant operations
E)employee benefit plans

Question 30

Which of the following is true of local unions?

A)The local of an industrial-based union typically covers a city or a region.
B)In a craft-oriented union,the local corresponds to a single large facility or to a number of small facilities.
C)Administration of the contract is beyond the powers of a local union.
D)The bulk of day-to-day interaction between labor and management takes place at the local union level.
E)Negotiations involved in collective bargaining are not handled at the local union level.

Question 31

Amy is a shop steward for her union.She is responsible for ensuring the terms of the collective bargaining contract are enforced and

A)being the lead in renegotiations.
B)being a neutral party who assists in negotiations.
C)representing employees in contract grievances.
D)being the business representative.
E)representing the management during conflict resolution.

Question 32

The duty of fair representation mandated by the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)requires that all bargaining unit members,whether union members or not,have equal access to and representation by the union in the grievance procedure.

Question 33

Which of the following is likely to be a part of an industrial union?

A)A carpenter
B)An electrical worker
C)A painter
D)A shoemaker
E)A steelworker

Question 34

In a collective bargaining contract,factors related to shift operations and hazardous work are typically covered under the ________ provision.

A)wage determination
B)job or income security
C)special groups
D)plant operations
E)paid and unpaid leave

Question 35

Which of the following is a characteristic of an industrial union?

A)All the members represent a particular occupation in an industry.
B)It restricts the number of its members in order to maintain high wages.
C)Membership is a result of working for a particular employer in the industry.
D)The members change employers more frequently than do members of craft unions.
E)All the members share a specialized skill common across an industry.

Question 36

Which of the following is likely to be part of a craft union?

A)A manager
B)A salesperson
C)An autoworker
D)An electrical worker
E)A flight attendant

Question 37

According to the model developed by Katz and Kochan,at which level does the management make basic choices such as whether to work with its unions or to devote its efforts to developing nonunion operations?

A)Strategic level
B)Corporate level
C)Functional level
D)Production level
E)Business unit level

Question 38

The union pay advantage causes employers to use less labor and more capital per worker than they would otherwise,which reduces efficiency across society.

Question 39

Which of the following sought to provide an environment conducive to collective bargaining?

A)Occupational Safety and Health Act
B)Fair Labor Standards Act
C)Civil Rights Act
D)Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act
E)National Labor Relations Act

Question 40

Which of the following is the largest union and is not affiliated with the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO)?

A)Communications Workers of America
B)American Federation of Government Employees
C)International Association of Fire Fighters
D)National Education Association
E)American Federation of Teachers

Question 41

Which of the following is true of nonunion employers?

A)For nonunion employers,union avoidance is an important employee relations objective.
B)Top management's values in nonunion organizations do not emphasize promotion from within.
C)Nonunion employers tend to give below-average pay and minimal benefits.
D)Nonunion employers can provide a stronger platform for the independent employee voice than that a union can provide.
E)Nonunion employers who desire productivity advantage over their competitors cannot offer what unions can offer employees.

Question 42

At orientation for new employees you remind them that their jobs are part of a union shop.What does that mean?

A)It is a union security provision that requires a person to join the union within a certain amount of time after being hired
B)It is a union security provision that requires the payment of dues but not a membership
C)It is a union security provision that requires a person to be a union member before being hired
D)It is a union contract provision that requires an employer to deduct union dues from employees' paychecks
E)It is a union contract provision that prohibits a person from joining the union within 30 days of employment

Question 43

Which of the following acts was an addition to the Taft-Hartley Act that further regulated unions' actions and their internal affairs,such as financial disclosure and conduct of elections?

A)Taylor Act
B)Chamberlain-Ferris Act
C)Keating-Owen Act
D)Bagley-Keene Act
E)Landrum-Griffin Act

Question 44

Over half of all the unfair labor practice charges are filed against employers who

A)refuse to bargain.
B)retaliate against employees who have filed other charges.
C)interfere with union activities.
D)bribe union negotiators.
E)fire employees for organizing unions.

Question 45

Johnny joined his union,but now wants to get out.You need to inform him that he has to stay a member until the contract ends due to a

A)checkoff provision.
B)maintenance of membership provision.
C)closed shop provision.
D)union shop provision.
E)right-to-work provision.

Question 46

Sophie is not sure if her union is a union shop or an agency shop.What would an agency shop do that a union shop would not?

A)It would require a person to be a union member before being hired.
B)It would require a person to join the union after a certain amount of time of employment.
C)It would require an employer to deduct union dues from employees' paychecks.
D)It would not require a membership but would require that dues be paid.
E)It would prohibit an employer from deducting union dues from employees' paychecks.

Question 47

Brian and Joaquim were able to get pay raises and two extra vacation days as a result of negotiations,even though they are not members.They are free riders because they

A)pay their dues but are not members of a union.
B)benefit from union activities without belonging to a union.
C)act as facilitators in the negotiation processes.
D)are management's representatives in the contract grievance process.
E)are neutral agents who assist in conflict resolution.

Question 48

Which of the following is an example of an employer unfair labor practice?

A)Kate,the union head,expels members for crossing a picket line that is unlawful.
B)Joaquin,a manager,threatens to close down a plant if organized by a union.
C)Trent,a manager,prohibits mass picketing when nonstriking employees are physically barred from entering the plant.
D)Felipe,a union member,causes the discharge of an employee,LaToya,who spoke out against a contract proposed by the union.
E)Hae,an employee representative,tricks her employer by including illegal provisions in a contract.

Question 49

Which of the following is an example of an employer unfair labor practice?

A)Marcus,the union representative,causes threats of bodily injury to employees.
B)Donna,a supervisor,pretends to spy on union meetings.
C)Liang,a union member,terminates an existing contract and strikes for a new one without informing the employer.
D)Taylor,a worker,causes the discharge of an employee who spoke out against a contract proposed by the union.
E)Genna,a nonunion employee,causes a member to include illegal provisions in a contract.

Question 50

Section 8(a)(3)of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)prohibits employers from

A)retaliating against employees who are not part of unions.
B)refusing to bargain in good faith with union representatives.
C)firing employees for union organizing.
D)interfering with union activities.
E)declining proposals made by union representatives.

Question 51

The National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)is also known as the

A)Landrum-Griffin Act.
B)Davis-Bacon Act.
C)Healey Act.
D)Wagner Act.
E)Hartley Act.

Question 52

Under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA),which of the following is the strongest union security arrangement,yet is illegal?

A)The agency shop
B)The checkoff provision
C)The fair share provision
D)The union shop
E)The closed shop

Question 53

Under which of the following acts is a union shop illegal?

A)Landrum-Griffin Act
B)Walsh-Healey Act
C)Smith-Connally Act
D)Taft-Hartley Act
E)Norris-La Guardia Act

Question 54

Which of the following is true of the Wagner Act?

A)Under the Wagner Act,states are allowed to pass right-to-work laws.
B)It states that agency shops,union shops,and the maintenance of membership are illegal.
C)It prohibits employees from going out on strike to secure better working conditions.
D)It established an eight-hour workday,with additional pay for overtime work.
E)It actively supports collective bargaining.

Question 55

Under the ________,states may pass so-called right-to-work laws.

A)Landrum-Griffin Act
B)Walsh-Healey Act
C)Smith-Connally Act
D)Taft-Hartley Act
E)Norris-La Guardia Act

Question 56

Which of the following is true of unionization?

A)Unions have traditionally been stronger in rural workplaces that employ women and youth.
B)Employers actively resist unionization in an attempt to control costs and maintain their flexibility.
C)In the last couple of decades,union membership has consistently increased as a percentage of employment.
D)Union membership is higher in the private sector than in the public sector.
E)Competitive threats have contributed to decreased employer resistance to union organizing.

Question 57

Which of the following is true of union actions across industries and states?

A)The employee groups and economic sectors with the fastest growth rates tend to have the highest rates of unionization.
B)Women and men have equal representation in unions.
C)One reason for the smaller union presence in southern states is the existence of right-to-work laws.
D)Nonmanufacturing industries such as finance,insurance,and real estate have a higher union representation than manufacturing industries.
E)The southern United States is more heavily organized than the rest of the country in terms of unionization.

Question 58

As the fiscal officer for your company,you are required to deduct dues from all the employees as a result of a(n)

A)union shop.
B)agency shop.
C)fair share provision.
D)checkoff provision.
E)closed shop.

Question 59

Which of the following is true of the Taft-Hartley Act?

A)It impedes collective bargaining rather than supporting it.
B)It prohibits union members from going out on strikes.
C)It permits employers to spy on union meetings.
D)It outlaws union operations that threaten an employee's life and job.
E)It prohibits employees from refraining from taking part in union activities.

Question 60

A list of unfair labor practices was added to the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)through the

A)Wagner Act.
B)Walsh-Healey Act.
C)Smith-Connally Act.
D)Taft-Hartley Act.
E)Norris-La Guardia Act.

Question 61

Which of the following is a union unfair labor practice?

A)Sheila organized a committee to represent employees.
B)Jason insisted that the contract allow employees to carry weapons.
C)Eduardo announced a wage increase without consulting the representative.
D)Clarice failed to bargain about the effects of closing a plant.
E)Raj refused to meet with the employee representative because the employees were on strike.

Question 62

Which of the following is true of the National Labor Relations Board's (NLRB's)process regarding unfair labor practices?

A)Unfair labor practice cases begin with the filing of a charge that is first investigated by the court.
B)A charge must be filed within a year of the alleged unfair practice.
C)If the NLRB finds the charge to have merit and issues a complaint,the grievance procedure is not available as an option.
D)The NLRB reinforces a criminal statute that makes punitive damages available.
E)The NLRB can order the reinstatement of employees,with or without back pay.

Question 63

The part of the labor-management negotiation process that focuses on dividing a fixed economic "pie" is known as

A)attitudinal structuring.
B)intraorganizational bargaining.
C)collective bargaining.
D)distributive bargaining.
E)integrative bargaining.

Question 64

Which of the following is an example of a union unfair labor practice?

A)Ned refuses to reinstate workers when job openings occur because the workers participated in a lawful strike.
B)Deion,an operations head,threatens to close down a plant if organized by a union.
C)Tuan,a new employee,refuses to join a union.
D)Marisol,a nonunion employee,spies on union meetings.
E)Abby,a union head,forces an employer to stop doing business with another employer who refused to recognize the union.

Question 65

The management of an organization is less able to afford a strike when

A)the product is nonperishable.
B)the organization is capital intensive.
C)replacement workers are scarce.
D)the company has more than one production unit.
E)the demand for its product is strong.

Question 66

Which of the following is a mediator?

A)Jazmin has no formal authority but,rather,acts as a facilitator and go-between in negotiations.
B)Rhodus provides inside information about the employees to the management.
C)Qadra provides a solution that is binding on the parties.
D)Kym is responsible for ensuring that the terms of the collective bargaining contract are enforced.
E)Roberto represents the management during the collective bargaining procedure.

Question 67

________ seeks to exert public,financial,or political pressure on employers during the union-organizing process.

A)Arbitration
B)Checkoff provision
C)Corporate campaign
D)Integrative bargaining
E)Mediation

Question 68

Arbitrating the actual writing or setting of contract terms is called ________ arbitration.

A)contract
B)bracketed
C)pendulum
D)rights
E)interest

Question 69

A(n)________ typically reports on the reasons for a labor-management dispute and the views and arguments of both sides.

A)mediator
B)fact finder
C)arbitrator
D)shop steward
E)associate union member

Question 70

Which of the following is an example of a union unfair labor practice?

A)Sam,a union member,is threatened by Rashida,his boss,with loss of benefits if he votes for a union.
B)Graciela,an operations head,threatens to close down a plant if organized by a union.
C)Lillian,a new employee,refuses to join a union.
D)Hill,a nonunion employee,spies on union meetings.
E)Nestor,a union representative,makes a contract that requires his employer to hire employees satisfactory to the union.

Question 71

Arbitrating the enforcement or interpretation of contract terms is called ________ arbitration.

A)contract
B)bracketed
C)pendulum
D)rights
E)interest

Question 72

The management of an organization is less able to afford a strike when

A)the product is nonperishable.
B)the organization is labor-intensive.
C)replacement workers are scarce.
D)the company has more than one production unit.
E)the demand for its product is weak.

Question 73

Which of the following is true of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)?

A)It is composed of a nine-member board,the general counsel,and 10 regional offices.
B)Its functions do not include conducting and certifying representation elections.
C)Its jurisdiction is limited to employers whose operations affect commerce generally.
D)In practice,only purely local firms fall within its jurisdiction.
E)It not only responds to requests for actions but also initiates actions.

Question 74

Muffin Bakery employees are part of the baker's union.The janitorial workers would also like to unionize.Management will not oppose this organizing attempt due to a ________ provision in the baker's contract.

A)fair share
B)union shop
C)neutrality
D)card-check
E)checkoff

Question 75

Which of the following is true of the functions performed by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)?

A)Its functions are guided by a specific jurisdictional standard that is constant across industries.
B)Its functions do not include conducting and certifying representation elections.
C)It enforces the National Labor Relations Act,which is based on the commerce clause of the U.S.Constitution.
D)In practice,its functions are limited to purely local firms that fall within its jurisdiction.
E)It not only responds to requests for actions but also initiates actions.

Question 76

Which of the following is the first step in a typical employee-initiated grievance procedure?

A)The steward and management representative meet and discuss the grievance.
B)The employee discusses the grievance verbally with the supervisor.
C)The grievance is submitted to the production superintendent.
D)The employee consults the industrial relations staff for resolution.
E)The grievance is appealed to arbitration for a binding decision.

Question 77

Which of the following is true of the National Labor Relations Board's (NLRB's)process regarding unfair labor practices?

A)Unfair labor practice cases begin with the filing of a charge that is first investigated by the court.
B)A charge must be filed within a year of the alleged unfair practice.
C)If the NLRB finds the charge to have merit and issues a complaint,the grievance procedure is not available as an option.
D)The NLRB has the authority to issue cease-and-desist orders to halt unfair labor practices.
E)The NLRB reinforces a criminal statute that makes punitive damages available.

Question 78

The duty of fair representation is mandated by the

A)Landrum-Griffin Act.
B)Davis-Bacon Act.
C)Healey Act.
D)Wagner Act.
E)Hartley Act.

Question 79

In the labor-management negotiation process,the relationship and level of trust between the negotiators is known as

A)attitudinal structuring.
B)distributive structuring.
C)integrative bargaining.
D)intraorganizational bargaining.
E)mediation.

Question 80

KidCo provides health insurance as being a member of the union but does not provide representation in collective bargaining because it is a(n)________ union.

A)arbitration
B)associate
C)corporate campaign
D)distributive bargaining
E)mediation