Deck 2: Verbal Communication

Question 1

Explain the connection between naming and thinking expressed by the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.

Answer 1

The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis proposes that your language and the words you have been taught help you make conceptual distinctions (for instance, Eskimos have more words for snow than you might have because they differentiate between types of snow that have different implications for their daily life).

Question 2

Intentionality is the assumption that messages are produced intentionally and give insight into the sender's beliefs and thought processes.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Parole is how people actually use language, with informal and ungrammatical structure that carries meaning to us all the same.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In intimate relationships, we use more personal talk.

Question 5

Understanding someone's intentions in delivering a message is influenced by:

A) Culture, lack of culture, and acculturation
B) Culture, context, past history and relationship with the other person
C) Context, lack of relational history, and lack of culture
D) Acculturation

Question 6

The term denotation refers to:

A) Understanding the implications and background behind words
B) The use of language to identify something in a specific or literal way
C) Failing to understand the implications and background behind words
D) The use of language to identify something in a complex and subtle way

Question 7

In casual relationships, we are more likely to use formal, grammatically correct language.

Question 8

The instrumental function that talk serves in relationships means that talk can make things happen.

Question 9

Having more social frames for communication increases uncertainty.

Question 10

Duck and Pond (1989) pointed out that talk can serve three functions for relationships. Identify and explain these three functions.

Question 11

The idea of 'face' is something you are only concerned with for yourself and your own image.

Question 12

Explain the difference between positive and negative face wants.

Question 13

Two types of meaning are connotative meaning and denotative meaning.

Question 14

Explain Kenneth Burke's concept of God and Devil terms in identifying the hidden values behind words.

Question 15

The term connotation refers to:

A) The use of language to identify something in a simple and straightforward way
B) Failing to understand the implications and background behind words
C) The use of language to identify something in a specific or literal way
D) Understanding the implications and background behind words

Question 16

The term polysemy refers to:

A) Multiple meanings for the same word
B) Limited meanings for the same word
C) Multiple meanings for multiple words
D) Limited meanings for multiple words

Question 17

Explain what your text's authors mean by 'conversational hypertext.'

Question 18

Naming is a relatively unimportant process in framing talk.

Question 19

Explain the difference between de Saussure's ideas of langue and parole.

Question 20

We often define concepts by negation, or by explaining what something is not.

Question 21

What are two types of accommodation?

A) Langue and Parole
B) Denotation and Connotation
C) High code and Low code
D) Convergence and Divergence

Question 22

The element of agency in Burke's pentad refers to:

A) Where something happened
B) Who was involved
C) What occurred in time
D) How the act happened

Question 23

Which of the following would not constitute an account of one's communication?:

A) Lying
B) Justification
C) Excuse
D) Explanation

Question 24

The element of purpose in Burke's pentad refers to:

A) Why the act happened
B) Where the act happened
C) Who was involved
D) What happened in time

Question 25

The way that a speaker emphasizes certain elements of the pentad in telling a story can reveal:

A) The person's perspective on the world
B) The person's excuses for an event
C) The person's failure to communicate
D) The person's ability to deceive

Question 26

Convergence in talk refers to:

A) People speaking in different styles
B) People indicating distance or disliking
C) People speaking in the same style
D) People avoiding closeness or liking

Question 27

The element of scene in Burke's pentad refers to:

A) Where the act happened
B) Who was involved
C) What happened in time
D) How the act happened

Question 28

The indexical function of talk in relationships means that:

A) Talk can make something happen
B) Talk can indicate something about the nature or status of the relationship
C) Talk can create the essence of the relationship
D) Talk can terminate the relationship

Question 29

Narratives in relationship talk serve a strategic purpose by:

A) Providing a way to make the conversation more interesting
B) Providing a way to lengthen the conversation
C) Providing a way to summarize the discussion
D) Providing an account or explanation of one's actions

Question 30

The element of agent in Burke's pentad refers to:

A) Where something happened
B) Who was involved
C) What happened in time
D) How the act happened

Question 31

Positive face wants refer to:

A) the need to be seen and accepted as a worthwhile and reasonable person.
B) the need to understand both types of meanings correctly.
C) the need to use symbols effectively.
D) the need to communicate in high code.

Question 32

Linguistic inclusion such as "Let's...," "we," "us," is also known as:

A) high code.
B) low code.
C) immediacy.
D) the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis.

Question 33

The element of act in Burke's pentad refers to:

A) Where it happened
B) Who was involved
C) What happened in time
D) Why something happened

Question 34

According to Duck and Pond, talk serves three functions in relationships:

A) Instrumental, polemic, pragmatic
B) Instrumental, expressive, pragmatic
C) Instrumental, indexical, essential
D) Instrumental, essential, minimalist

Question 35

Accounts are forms of communication. "It is not my fault" is an account of

A) justification.
B) explanation.
C) excuse.
D) exoneration.

Question 36

The term 'facework' refers to:

A) Managing your ability to smile attractively
B) Managing your public image, dignity, and self-respect
C) Managing your complexion
D) Managing your relationship

Question 37

Langue is more likely to be used in:

A) Informal settings
B) Close relationships
C) Formal settings
D) Intimate relationships

Question 38

Strategies that would help establish the credibility of the speaker/agent delivering a message would include:

A) Choosing not to introduce the speaker
B) Telling slightly embarrassing jokes about the speaker
C) Summarizing the person's accomplishments
D) Summarizing the person's limitations

Question 39

The elements of Burke's dramatic pentad used to analyze stories are:

A) Scene, agent, method, medium, message
B) Scene, agent, act, actuality, event
C) Scene, agent, act, agency, plot
D) Scene, agent, act, agency, purpose