Deck 14: To Fight to Gain a Country: the Civil War

Question 1

Union and Confederate forces encountered each other on the field of battle for the first time at the Battle of __________.

A) Bull Run
B) Antietam
C) the Wilderness
D) Vicksburg

Answer 1

Bull Run

Question 2

John Ross and his __________ followers fought for the Confederacy.

A) Apache
B) Sioux
C) Creek
D) Cherokee

Answer 2

Cherokee

Question 3

Most of the Upper South left the Union right after __________.

A) Lincoln's election
B) Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers
C) the Confederacy fired on Fort Sumter
D) Great Britain recognized the Confederacy

Answer 3

Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers

Question 4

What advantage did the North enjoy when it came to marshalling resources for the war?

A) Northerners were much more enthusiastic about the war than southerners.
B) Northern resources were concentrated in a smaller area.
C) State governments in the North were better equipped to operate autonomously.
D) The Republicans supported the centralization and consolidation of governmental power.

Question 5

The first weeks of the war revealed that the South __________.

A) intended to invade New England
B) was well-prepared for a long war
C) had few well-trained soldiers
D) intended to conquer western territory for slavery

Question 6

Which of the following states remained within the Union?

A) North Carolina
B) Tennessee
C) Maryland
D) Virginia

Question 7

On December 20, 1860, __________ seceded from the Union.

A) Alabama
B) South Carolina
C) Georgia
D) Virginia

Question 8

__________ was elected president of the Confederacy in 1861.

A) Alexander H. Stephens
B) John C. Breckinridge
C) Thomas Jackson
D) Jefferson Davis

Question 9

Why did many ordinary Southerners resent conscription?

A) They had to surrender their liberty to the government.
B) They generally did not support the rebellion in the first place.
C) The wealthy could pay for a substitute or were exempted from service.
D) It violated the basic principle of states' rights.

Question 10

The __________ Compromise would have severely curtailed the federal government's ability to restrict slavery.

A) Crittenden
B) Douglas
C) Davis
D) Wilmot

Question 11

Why was the white South so fearful of Abraham Lincoln?

A) Lincoln had run for president as the candidate who would end slavery in the South.
B) Southern whites were convinced Lincoln would do what he could to undermine slavery.
C) Lincoln had outlined a plan for the colonization of the South.
D) Southern whites saw all Northerners as deadly threats to their independence.

Question 12

In 1861, the South had __________.

A) most of the nation's textile mills
B) almost no industrial capacity
C) a better railroad network than the North
D) the firm support of Britain

Question 13

Confederate monetary policies led to __________.

A) skyrocketing inflation
B) high levels of unemployment
C) a trade deficit
D) budget surpluses

Question 14

The Confederacy financed its war effort by selling bonds and __________.

A) collecting customs duties
B) raising taxes
C) selling slaves
D) confiscating land

Question 15

The constitution of the Confederate States of America reflected a commitment to which of the following?

A) states' rights
B) a powerful executive branch
C) economic equality
D) public education

Question 16

Both sides invoked the __________ to explain and justify their cause.

A) War of 1812
B) Revolutions of 1848
C) Mexican-American War
D) American Revolution

Question 17

Prior to his election, Lincoln stated that he __________.

A) had no intention of disturbing slavery in the South
B) was determined to abolish slavery as quickly as possible
C) thought war with the South was inevitable
D) was willing to reconsider his stance on the expansion of slavery

Question 18

Which of the following advantages did the North enjoy at the beginning of the war?

A) Its population was much larger than the South's.
B) There was more enthusiasm for war in the North than in the South.
C) The North had better generals than the South.
D) The North did not need to go on the offensive in order to win.

Question 19

From the beginning, the Confederates sought to __________.

A) capture Washington D.C.
B) fight a defensive war
C) blockade the North
D) take advantage of the South's larger population

Question 20

Where were the opening shots of the Civil War fired?

A) Charleston, South Carolina
B) Raleigh, North Carolina
C) Manassas, Virginia
D) Alexandria, Virginia

Question 21

Which of the following was demonstrated by the Quantrill raid on Lawrence, Kansas?

A) the fact that the Confederacy was losing the war
B) the superiority of Confederate generals
C) the vulnerability of the North to invasion
D) the precariousness of the Union's position

Question 22

Until late in the war, black Union soldiers were __________.

A) paid less than whites
B) not allowed to serve in combat
C) kept far from the front lines
D) almost always given the most dangerous assignments

Question 23

The Emancipation Proclamation __________.

A) abolished slavery in the United States
B) abolished the internal slave trade in the United States
C) proclaimed all slaves in Confederate territory free
D) called for gradual, compensated emancipation

Question 24

Participants in the New York City draft riot targeted __________.

A) blacks
B) the Irish
C) Democrats
D) Catholic churches

Question 25

What led to the April 1863 riot by several hundred Richmond women?

A) food shortages
B) a new draft law
C) a series of Confederate defeats
D) layoffs at the Tredegar Iron Works

Question 26

In 1861, most Northerners saw the war as a fight to __________.

A) punish slaveholders
B) colonize the South
C) end slavery
D) preserve the Union

Question 27

Which of the following was a consequence of Union victories at Missionary Ridge and Lookout Mountain in Tennessee?

A) Regional Indian tribes joined the Union cause.
B) South Carolina was left open to a Union invasion.
C) France and Britain pulled back from offering overt support to the Confederacy.
D) The Confederacy lost control of the Mississippi River.

Question 28

In the Congressional elections of 1862, __________.

A) Republicans strengthened their majority in the Senate and House of Representatives
B) Congress was left fairly evenly divided between the two parties
C) the Republicans were swept out of power in Congress
D) Democrats picked up strength in several Midwestern states and carried Illinois

Question 29

The Confederacy worked to gain recognition from __________.

A) Spain and the Netherlands
B) Britain and France
C) the independent South American nations
D) Austria and Russia

Question 30

The New York City draft riot contributed to which of the following?

A) the hardening of anti-Irish sentiment among some native-born Americans
B) the reform of Union conscription laws
C) the defeat of the Union in the Battle of Shiloh
D) a surge in antipathy toward free blacks in the North

Question 31

The bloodiest day of the war occurred during the Battle of __________.

A) Antietam
B) Shiloh
C) Gettysburg
D) New Orleans

Question 32

Lincoln used the Emancipation Proclamation to __________.

A) convince blacks to support the war
B) infuriate Southerners
C) bolster northern morale
D) abolish slavery

Question 33

The U.S. Sanitary Commission did which of the following?

A) distributed health pamphlets
B) inspected food supplies
C) installed sewer systems
D) trained nurses

Question 34

Which of the following helps explain the high casualty rates in the war?

A) incompetent leadership
B) new military technology
C) the incompetence of the troops
D) the unwillingness of either side to take prisoners

Question 35

Why did Lincoln give General Winfield Scott the power to suspend the writ of habeas corpus?

A) He was concerned about disloyalty in the vicinity of Washington, D.C.
B) He wanted Scott to shoot deserters on sight.
C) He wanted to crush the Democratic party.
D) He wanted to censor the press.

Question 36

Lee's invasion of Pennsylvania culminated in the Battle of __________.

A) Shiloh
B) Antietam
C) Vicksburg
D) Gettysburg

Question 37

Which of the following was true of the Union's Second Confiscation Act?

A) It authorized Union generals to return runaway slaves to their masters.
B) It authorized Union generals to enlist slaves into the Union army.
C) It authorized Union generals to seek out slaves to liberate.
D) It authorized Union generals to employ runaway slaves as laborers.

Question 38

Which of the following was true of the Battle of Gettysburg?

A) It was an important victory for the Confederacy.
B) Casualty rates on both sides exceeded 50 percent.
C) It was an important victory for the Union.
D) It ended in a stalemate.

Question 39

The Morrill Act __________.

A) created a system of land-grant colleges
B) required men to serve two years in the army
C) granted 160 acres of western land to settlers
D) appropriated money for a transcontinental railroad

Question 40

In the North, the Emancipation Proclamation __________.

A) was greeted with general indifference
B) was seen by most whites as an act of desperation
C) spurred the enlistment of black men in the Union army and navy
D) made Lincoln the most popular man in the Union

Question 41

By early 1865, __________.

A) Union armies were beginning to pull back from the South
B) calls for peace in the North were growing louder
C) the South had rallied from a series of defeats
D) the end of the war was in sight

Question 42

Lincoln walked through the streets of __________ only hours after it was captured.

A) Savannah
B) Atlanta
C) Richmond
D) Charleston

Question 43

What sparked the New York City draft riot? What did the riots reveal about northern society during the war?

Question 44

In 1864, Lincoln's reelection campaign benefited from __________.

A) a series of Union victories
B) the lack of a credible opponent
C) his overwhelming popularity among northern Democrats
D) the clumsy efforts of the Confederacy to intervene in the election

Question 45

__________ was tried and executed for his conduct as commander of Andersonville Prison.

A) Alexander Stevens
B) Henry Wirz
C) J. E. B. Stuart
D) Clement Vallandigham

Question 46

The Union strategy of "hard war" included authorizing Union troops to __________.

A) torture suspected Confederate spies
B) fire on civilians
C) shoot prisoners of war
D) burn everything that the Confederates might find useful

Question 47

William Tecumseh Sherman's march to the sea ended in __________.

A) Savannah
B) Charleston
C) Wilmington
D) Atlanta

Question 48

Lincoln's running mate in 1864 was the Democrat __________.

A) Clement Vallandigham
B) Philip Sheridan
C) Andrew Johnson
D) philip Sheridan

Question 49

Describe the experience of African American soldiers in the Union army.

Question 50

John Wilkes Booth shot and killed __________ at Ford's Theater on April 14, 1865.

A) William Seward
B) Abraham Lincoln
C) Andrew Johnson
D) Jefferson Davis

Question 51

Lee surrendered his sword to Union officers at __________.

A) Andersonville
B) Gettysburg
C) Appomattox Courthouse
D) Savannah

Question 52

What obstacles did the Confederacy face as its leaders sought to mobilize for war?

Question 53

Why did Lincoln issue the Emancipation Proclamation? What were the practical and symbolic consequences of this decision?

Question 54

The events that followed the Confederate capture of Fort Pillow demonstrated which of the following?

A) Union soldiers were more than willing to switch sides, given the proper inducements.
B) Some Confederate generals did not believe the conventions of war applied to African American soldiers.
C) The Confederates behaved honorably even under the most difficult circumstances.
D) There was little support in the North for the use of African American soldiers in combat roles.