Deck 10: The Muscular System

Question 1

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:

A) C
B) D
C) B
D) E
E) A
Deltoid.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:

A) C
B) D
C) B
D) E
E) A
Serratus anterior.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:

A) C
B) A
C) B
The action of lifting a shovel of snow.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes,the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.

Question 5

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:

A) C
B) A
C) B
First-class lever.

Question 6

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:

A) C
B) D
C) B
D) E
E) A
Sternocleidomastoid.

Question 7

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:

A) C
B) D
C) B
D) E
E) A
Pectoralis minor.

Question 8

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:

A) D
B) A
C) B
D) E
E) C
Rotates scapula.

Question 9

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:

A) C
B) A
C) B
Tibia-calcaneus joint.

Question 10

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:

A) C
B) A
C) B
Humerus-ulna joint.

Question 11

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:

A) D
B) A
C) B
D) E
E) C
Teres major muscle.

Question 12

Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.

Question 13

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:

A) C
B) A
C) B
Atlanto-occipital joint.

Question 14

A pair of tweezers is a good example of a second-class lever.

Question 15

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:

A) D
B) A
C) B
D) E
E) C
The latissimus dorsi.

Question 16

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:

A) D
B) A
C) B
D) E
E) C
Trapezius muscle.

Question 17

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:

A) D
B) A
C) B
D) E
E) C
Levator scapulae.

Question 18

Figure 10.2
Using Figure 10.2, match the following:

A) C
B) D
C) B
D) E
E) A
Coracobrachialis.

Question 19

Figure 10.1
Using Figure 10.1, match the following:

A) C
B) A
C) B
Second-class lever.

Question 20

Figure 10.3
Using Figure 10.3, match the following:

A) D
B) A
C) B
D) E
E) C
Retract scapula.

Question 21

The soleus is a synergist of the gastrocnemius during plantar flexion.

Question 22

The buccinator muscle compresses the cheek and is well developed in nursing infants.

Question 23

Which type of lever is demonstrated by using scissors?

A) a first-class lever
B) a second-class lever
C) a fourth-class lever
D) a third-class lever

Question 24

In order to propel food down to the esophagus,the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are used.

Question 25

Muscles are only able to pull,they never push.

Question 26

The calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)is the largest tendon in the body.

Question 27

The muscles of facial expression insert into skin or other muscles,not bones.

Question 28

Muscles that help to maintain posture are best described as synergists.

Question 29

The diaphragm flattens and moves inferiorly during inspiration.

Question 30

Muscles that help maintain upright posture are fixators.

Question 31

Muscle spasms of the back often are due to the erector spinae contraction.

Question 32

Muscles connecting to the hyoid bone are important for swallowing and speech.

Question 33

The deltoid is a prime mover of the arm that acts in adduction.

Question 34

The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power.

Question 35

The major head flexors are the sternocleidomastoid muscles,with the help of the muscles attached to the hyoid bone.

Question 36

Muscle power depends mostly on the total number of muscle fibers (cells)in the muscle.

Question 37

Most superficial thorax muscles are extrinsic shoulder muscles.

Question 38

Deep muscles of the thorax promote movements for breathing.

Question 39

The broadest muscle of the back is the latissimus dorsi.

Question 40

Regardless of type,all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.

Question 41

Which of the following is NOT a member of the hamstrings?

A) biceps femoris
B) semitendinosus
C) gracilis
D) semimembranosus

Question 42

The sternocleidomastoid muscle inserts on the ________.

A) platysma
B) clavicle
C) mastoid process of the temporal bone
D) sternum

Question 43

Which of the following muscles inserts to the posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon?

A) the semitendinosus
B) the tibialis anterior
C) the gastrocnemius
D) the sartorius

Question 44

What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called?

A) an agonist (prime mover)
B) a fixator
C) a synergist
D) an antagonist

Question 45

In general,a muscle that crosses on the anterior side of a joint produces ________.

A) flexion
B) adduction
C) extension
D) abduction

Question 46

If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage,it means that the ________.

A) effort is farther than the load from the fulcrum
B) load is near the fulcrum and the effort is at the distal end
C) lever system is useless
D) load is far from the fulcrum and the effort is applied near the fulcrum

Question 47

What is the major factor controlling how levers work?

A) the structural characteristics of the muscles of the person using the lever
B) the weight of the load
C) the difference in the positioning of the effort, load, and fulcrum
D) the direction the load is being moved

Question 48

Which group of muscles elevates the first two ribs and flexes and rotates the neck?

A) the spinalis
B) the iliocostalis
C) the scalenes
D) the splenius

Question 49

The most powerful muscle in the body is the ________.

A) gluteus maximus
B) rectus abdominis
C) gastrocnemius
D) quadriceps femoris

Question 50

Which of the following muscles fixes and depresses the ribs and stabilizes the pelvis during walking?

A) transversus abdominis
B) internal oblique
C) external oblique
D) rectus abdominis

Question 51

The supraspinatus is named for its location on the posterior aspect of the scapula above the spine.What is its action?

A) to flex and adduct the humerus and to act as a synergist of the pectoralis major
B) to initiate abduction of the arm, to stabilize the shoulder joint and to help prevent downward dislocation of the humerus
C) to extend and medially rotate the humerus and to act as a synergist of the latissimus dorsi
D) to help hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity and rotate the humerus laterally

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT a muscle primarily involved in the breathing process?

A) diaphragm
B) latissimus dorsi
C) external intercostal
D) internal intercostal

Question 53

Which of the following muscles is involved in crossing one leg over the other to produce the cross-legged position?

A) all of the hamstrings
B) the quadriceps femoris
C) the sartorius
D) the gastrocnemius

Question 54

When the term biceps,triceps,or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name,what does it tell you about the muscle?

A) The muscle is able to change direction twice, three times, or four times faster than other muscles, respectively.
B) The muscle has two, three, or four functions, respectively.
C) The muscle has two, three, or four insertions, respectively.
D) The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively.

Question 55

At the grocery store a cute,little curly-haired child is standing behind you in line.You turn around for a moment and she sticks her tongue out at you.Which tongue muscle did she use?

A) orbicularis oris
B) stylohyoid
C) genioglossus
D) hyoglossus

Question 56

Which of the following describes the suprahyoid muscles?

A) They are a group of muscles that lie superior to the hyoid bone and help form the floor of the oral cavity.
B) They are often called strap muscles.
C) They depress the larynx and hyoid bone if the mandible is fixed.
D) They move the pharynx superiorly during swallowing.

Question 57

The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle.What does the term levator mean?

A) The muscle is a fixator and stabilizes a bone or joint.
B) The muscle flexes and rotates a region.
C) The muscle elevates.
D) The muscle functions as a synergist.

Question 58

What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?

A) the total number of muscle fibers (cells) available for contraction
B) the length
C) the shape
D) the number of neurons innervating it

Question 59

Which of the following muscles is involved in producing horizontal wrinkles in the forehead?

A) the temporalis
B) the medial pterygoid
C) the frontal belly of the epicranius
D) the zygomaticus major

Question 60

What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts?

A) a prime mover
B) an agonist
C) a synergist
D) an antagonist

Question 61

Which of the following muscles serves as a common intramuscular injection site,particularly in infants as the buttocks and arm muscles are poorly developed?

A) the vastus lateralis
B) the vastus medialis
C) rectus femoris
D) the vastus intermedius

Question 62

Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the thigh?

A) vastus medialis
B) iliopsoas and rectus femoris
C) soleus
D) biceps femoris

Question 63

What do the genioglossus,hyoglossus,and styloglossus muscles have in common?

A) All act on the tongue.
B) All names indicate the relative size of the muscle.
C) Each acts synergistically to elevate the jaw.
D) All names reflect direction of muscle fibers.

Question 64

________ is a powerful forearm extensor.

A) Triceps brachii
B) Brachioradialis
C) Brachialis
D) Biceps brachii

Question 65

Which muscle(s)is (are)contracted to exhale forcibly?

A) diaphragm alone
B) external intercostals and diaphragm
C) internal intercostals and rectus abdominus
D) rectus abdominis and diaphragm

Question 66

Which of these is NOT a way of classifying muscles?

A) muscle location
B) muscle shape
C) the type of muscle fibers
D) the type of action they cause

Question 67

Which of the following muscles is involved in inversion at the ankle joint?

A) extensor digitorum longus
B) tibialis anterior
C) fibularis (peroneus) longus
D) fibularis (peroneus) tertius

Question 68

Which of the following best describes the orbicularis oris?

A) It closes, purses, and protrudes the lips.
B) It closes the eye.
C) It pulls the lower lip down and back.
D) It draws the eyebrows together.

Question 69

The ________ runs deep to the internal oblique.

A) transversus abdominis
B) external oblique
C) latissimus dorsi
D) rectus abdominis

Question 70

Paralysis of which of the following muscles would make an individual unable to flex the knee?

A) hamstring muscles
B) gluteal muscles
C) soleus
D) brachioradialis

Question 71

Which of the following muscles does NOT act in plantar flexion?

A) gastrocnemius and soleus
B) flexor digitorum longus
C) popliteus
D) tibialis posterior

Question 72

Which muscle group is involved when a "pulled groin" occurs?

A) lateral rotators
B) quadriceps
C) hamstrings
D) thigh adductors

Question 73

The ________ tightens the neck and draws the corners of the mouth downward as in expressing horror.

A) platysma
B) mentalis
C) sternocleidomastoid
D) sternohyoid

Question 74

If L = load,F = fulcrum,and E = effort,what type of lever system is described as LEF?

A) third-class lever
B) second-class lever
C) fourth-class lever
D) first-class lever

Question 75

What are the levers that operate at a mechanical advantage called?

A) speed levers
B) dysfunctional levers
C) power levers
D) functional levers

Question 76

The ________ helps keep food between the grinding surfaces of the teeth during chewing.

A) risorius
B) orbicularis oris
C) buccinator
D) mentalis

Question 77

Which of the following muscles is NOT a member of the hamstrings group?

A) biceps femoris
B) semimembranosus
C) semitendinosus
D) vastus intermedius

Question 78

The ________ is known as the "boxer's muscle."

A) flexor digitorum longus
B) rectus abdominis
C) serratus anterior
D) biceps brachii

Question 79

First-class levers ________.

A) are typified by tweezers or forceps
B) are used when standing on tip-toe
C) in the body can operate at a mechanical advantage or mechanical disadvantage, depending on specific location
D) have load at one end of the lever, fulcrum at the other, and effort applied somewhere in the middle

Question 80

Which of the following muscles is a flexor of the thigh?

A) vastus lateralis
B) adductor magnus
C) gluteus maximus
D) tibialis posterior