Deck 1: Introduction: Matter, energy, and Measurement

Question 1

Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched?

A)S, sodium
B)Tn, tin
C)Fe, iron
D)N, neon
E)B, bromine

Answer 1

Fe, iron

Question 2

The law of constant composition applies to ________.

A)solutions
B)heterogeneous mixtures
C)compounds
D)homogeneous mixtures
E)solids

Answer 2

compounds

Question 3

What is the physical state in which matter has a specific volume but does not have a specific shape?

A)gas
B)solid
C)liquid
D)salts
E)ice

Answer 3

liquid

Question 4

For which of the following,can the composition vary?

A)pure substance
B)element
C)both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
D)homogeneous mixture
E)heterogeneous mixture

Question 5

The law of constant composition says ________.

A)that the composition of a compound is always the same
B)that all substances have the same composition
C)that the composition of an element is always the same
D)that the composition of a homogeneous mixture is always the same
E)that the composition of a heterogeneous mixture is always the same

Question 6

Which one of the following is an intensive property?

A)mass
B)temperature
C)length
D)volume
E)amount

Question 7

Which one of the following is often separated into its components by simple techniques such as filtering or decanting?

A)heterogeneous mixture
B)compounds
C)homogeneous mixture
D)elements
E)solutions

Question 8

An element cannot ________.

A)be part of a heterogeneous mixture
B)be part of a homogeneous mixture
C)be separated into other substances by chemical means
D)interact with other elements to form compounds
E)be a pure substance

Question 9

A small amount of salt dissolved in water is an example of a ________.

A)homogeneous mixture
B)heterogeneous mixture
C)compound
D)pure substance
E)solid

Question 10

A combination of sand,salt,and water is an example of a ________.

A)homogeneous mixture
B)heterogeneous mixture
C)compound
D)pure substance
E)solid

Question 11

Which one of the following is not an intensive property?

A)density
B)temperature
C)melting point
D)mass
E)boiling point

Question 12

Homogeneous mixtures are also known as ________.

A)solids
B)compounds
C)elements
D)substances
E)solutions

Question 13

Of the following,only ________ is an extensive property.

A)density
B)volume
C)boiling point
D)freezing point
E)temperature

Question 14

If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical means,it is ________.

A)a compound
B)either an element or a compound
C)a homogeneous mixture
D)a heterogeneous mixture
E)an element

Question 15

Which states of matter are significantly compressible?

A)gases only
B)liquids only
C)solids only
D)liquids and gases
E)solids and liquids

Question 16

Gases and liquids share the property of ________.

A)compressibility
B)definite volume
C)incompressibility
D)indefinite shape
E)definite shape

Question 17

Which of the following is an illustration of the law of constant composition?

A)Water boils at 100 °C at 1 atm pressure.
B)Water is 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass.
C)Water can be separated into other substances by a chemical process.
D)Water and salt have different boiling points.
E)Water is a compound.

Question 18

Of the following,only ________ is a chemical reaction.

A)melting of lead
B)dissolving sugar in water
C)tarnishing of silver
D)crushing of stone
E)dropping a penny into a glass of water

Question 19

Which one of the following elements is identified by the chemical symbol,Al?

A)tin
B)aluminum
C)mercury
D)copper
E)lead

Question 20

In the following list,only ________ is not an example of a chemical reaction.

A)dissolution of a penny in nitric acid
B)the condensation of water vapor
C)a burning candle
D)the formation of polyethylene from ethylene
E)the rusting of iron

Question 21

You have to calculate the volume of a gas sample with mass of 1.000 × 10³ g and density of 1.027 g/L,but you have forgotten the formula.Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?

A)If 1.027 g of a gas takes up a volume of 1 L, then 1.000 × 10³ g of the same gas takes up a volume of ________.
B)If 1.027 L of gas has a mass of 1 g, then ________ L has the mass of 1.000 × 10³ g.

Question 22

A wooden object has a mass of 10.782 g and occupies a volume of 13.72 mL.What is the density of the object determined to an appropriate number of significant figures?

A)8 × 10^-1 g/mL
B)7.9 × 10^-1 g/mL
C)7.86 × 10^-1 g/mL
D)7.859 × 10^-1 g/mL
E)7.8586 × 10^-1 g/mL

Question 23

Which of the following is (are)the lowest temperature?

A)The freezing point of water
B)5 °C
C)30 °F
D)280 K
E)A and D

Question 24

Which of the items below would be considered the most dense?

A)a piece of wood with a volume of 2.5 L and a mass of 12.5 kg
B)a ball with a volume of 139 mL and a mass of 93 g
C)a tire with a volume of 2.12 L and a mass of 4.22 × 10⁴ mg
D)a wire with a volume of 3.91 × 10^-7 L and a mass of 7.93 × 10^-1 ng
E)a block of metal with a volume of 1350 mL and a mass of 1.29 × 10³ g

Question 25

Accuracy refers to ________.

A)how close a measured number is to zero
B)how close a measured number is to the calculated value
C)how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
D)how close a measured number is to the true value
E)how close a measured number is to infinity

Question 26

If an object is traveling at a speed of 400 m/s,how long (in hours)will it take to reach 950.5 km?

A)3.96 × 10^-2
B)7.01 × 10^-6
C)1.43 × 10⁵
D)39.6
E)6.34

Question 27

Expressing a number in scientific notation ________.

A)changes its value
B)removes ambiguity as to the significant figures
C)removes significant zeros
D)allows an increase in the number's precision
E)all of the above

Question 28

Which one of the following is the highest temperature?

A)38 °C
B)96 °F
C)302 K
D)none of the above
E)the freezing point of water

Question 29

Which of the following has the same number of significant figures as the number 1.00310?

A)1 × 10⁶
B)199.791
C)8.66
D)5.119
E)11.762

Question 30

Osmium has a density of 22.6 g/cm³.What volume (in cm³)would be occupied by a 21.8 g sample of osmium?

A)0.965
B)1.04
C)493
D)2.03 × 10^-3
E)2.03 × 10³

Question 31

Which one of the following is true about the liter?

A)It is the SI base unit for volume.
B)It is equivalent to a cubic decimeter.
C)It is slightly smaller than a quart.
D)It contains 10⁶ cubic centimeters.
E)It is slightly smaller than a gallon.

Question 32

You have to calculate the mass of a 30.0 mL liquid sample with density of 1.52 g/mL,but you have forgotten the formula.Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?

A)If 1 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1.52 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of ________ g.
B)If 1.52 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of ________ g.

Question 33

Which of the following are chemical processes?
1. rusting of a nail
2. freezing of water
3. decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases
4. compression of oxygen gas

A)2, 3, 4
B)1, 3, 4
C)1, 3
D)1, 2
E)1, 4

Question 34

Iron has a density of 7.9 g/cm³.What is the mass of a cube of iron with the length of one side equal to 55.0 mm?

A)2.1 × 10⁴ g
B)4.3 × 10² g
C)1.3 × 10³ g
D)1.4 g
E)2.3 × 10^-2 g

Question 35

Acceleration due to gravity of a free-falling object is 9.8 m/s².Express this in millimeters/millisecond².

A)9.8 × 10^-9
B)9.8 × 10³
C)9.8 × 10^-6
D)9.8
E)9.8 × 10^-3

Question 36

Precision refers to ________.

A)how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
B)how close a measured number is to the true value
C)how close a measured number is to the calculated value
D)how close a measured number is to zero
E)how close a measured number is to infinity

Question 37

Of the following,________ is the largest mass.

A)25 kg
B)2.5 × 10^-2 mg
C)2.5 × 10¹⁵ pg
D)2.5 × 10⁹ fg
E)2.5 × 10¹⁰ ng

Question 38

Which calculation clearly shows a conversion between temperatures in degrees Celsius,°C,and temperature in Kelvins,K?

A)K = °C + 273.15
B)K = 273.15 - °C
C)K = [°C - 32] / 1.8
D)K = [°C + 32] × 1.8
E)K = °C

Question 39

In the following list,only ________ is not an example of a chemical reaction.

A)burning a plastic water bottle
B)the production of hydrogen gas from water
C)the tarnishing of a copper penny
D)chopping a log into sawdust
E)charging a cellular phone

Question 40

If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s²,how long (in seconds)will it take to reach a speed of 550 m/s? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.)

A)22
B)1.4 × 10⁴
C)0.045
D)1.2 × 10⁴
E)2.3 × 10²

Question 41

________ is the abbreviation for the prefix mega-.

A)k
B)m
C)M
D)n
E)d

Question 42

The SI unit for mass is ________.

A)kilogram
B)gram
C)pound
D)troy ounce
E)none of the above

Question 43

The initial or tentative explanation of an observation is called a(n)________.

A)law
B)theory
C)hypothesis
D)experiment
E)test

Question 44

A separation process that depends on differing abilities of substances to form gases is called ________.

A)filtration
B)solvation
C)distillation
D)chromatography
E)All of the above are correct.

Question 45

If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical processes,but can be decomposed into other substances by chemical processes,it is called a(n)________.

A)heterogeneous mixture
B)element
C)homogeneous mixture
D)compound
E)mixture of elements

Question 46

A difference in one degree of temperature is the smallest on the ________ temperature scale.

A)Kelvin
B)Celsius
C)Fahrenheit
D)Kelvin and Celsius
E)Fahrenheit and Celsius

Question 47

In which one of the following numbers are all of the zeros significant?

A)100.090090
B)0.143290
C)0.0010
D)0.0001
E)0.1

Question 48

How many significant figures should be retained in the result of the following calculation?
12.00000 × 0.9893 + 13.00335 × 0.0107

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 49

Round the number 3456.5 to two significant figures.

A)3400.0
B)3400
C)3000
D)3500
E)3000.0

Question 50

The density of a gold nugget is 19.3 g/cm³.If the volume of the gold nugget is 0.00369 L,the mass of the nugget is ________ g.

A)71.2
B)0.191
C)19.3
D)5.23
E)none of the above

Question 51

A statement or mathematical equation which is based on repeated observations is called a(n)________.

A)law
B)theory
C)hypothesis
D)experiment
E)test

Question 52

Convert 1 cm³ to ų.

A)10²⁴
B)10^-24
C)10³⁰
D)10^-30
E)10^-9

Question 53

The length of the side of a cube having a density of 12.6 g/ml and a mass of 7.65 g is ________ cm.

A)0.607
B)0.847
C)1.18
D)1.65
E)4.58

Question 54

Which of the following is not an exact number?

A)the number of seconds in a year
B)the number of millimeters in a kilometer
C)the number of liters in a gallon
D)the number of centimeters in an inch
E)the number of grams in a kilogram

Question 55

________ is the chemical symbol for elemental sodium.

A)S
B)W
C)So
D)Na
E)Sn

Question 56

A common English set of units for expressing velocity is miles/hour.The SI unit for velocity is ________.

A)km/hr
B)km/s
C)m/hr
D)m/s
E)cm/s

Question 57

________ is the abbreviation for the prefix milli-.

A)k
B)m
C)M
D)n
E)d

Question 58

Round the number 0.007222 to three significant figures.

A)0.007
B)0.00722
C)0.0072
D)0.00723
E)0.007225

Question 59

Solids have a ________ shape and are ________.

A)definite, compressible
B)definite, incompressible
C)indefinite, compressible
D)indefinite, incompressible
E)sharp, convertible

Question 60

The number with the most significant zeros is ________.

A)0.00002510
B)0.02500001
C)250000001
D)2.501 × 10^-7
E)2.5100000

Question 61

The SI unit for momentum is ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 62

"Absolute zero" refers to ________.

A)0 Kelvin
B)0° Fahrenheit
C)0° Celsius
D)°C + 9/5(°F - 32)
E)273.15 °C

Question 63

What is the volume in cm³ of a perfect cube if one edge length measures 1.95 m?

A)3.80 × 10⁶
B)7.41 × 10⁶
C)3.80
D)7.41
E)195

Question 64

A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm³.1340 g of this liquid would occupy a volume of ________ L.

A)1.99 × 10^-3
B)50.2
C)3.58
D)35.8
E)0.502

Question 65

A temperature of ________ K is the same as 63 °F.

A)17
B)276
C)290
D)29
E)336

Question 66

A baseball is thrown at a velocity of 98.4 miles per hour.What is the speed in m/s?

A)1.59 × 10⁵
B)5.72 × 10⁸
C)2.65 × 10³
D)44.1
E)2.21 × 10²

Question 67

1 picometer = ________ centimeters

A)1 × 10¹⁰
B)1 × 10^-10
C)1 × 10⁸
D)1 × 10^-8
E)1 × 10^-12

Question 68

1 nanometer = ________ picometers

A)1000
B)0.001
C)1 × 10^-6
D)1 × 10⁶
E)10

Question 69

The freezing point of water at 1 atm pressure is ________.

A)0 °F
B)0 K
C)0 °C
D)-273 °C
E)-32 °F

Question 70

The density (in g/cm³)of a gold nugget that has a volume of 1.68 cm³ and a mass of 32.4 g is ________.

A)0.0519
B)19.3
C)54.4
D)0.0184
E)32.4

Question 71

Osmium has a density of 22.6 g/cm³.The mass of a block of osmium that measures 1.01 cm × 0.233 cm × 0.648 cm is ________ g.

A)6.75 × 10^-3
B)3.45
C)148
D)6.75 × 10³
E)34.5

Question 72

A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm³.30.5 mL of this liquid would have a mass of ________ Kg.

A)81.4
B)11.4
C)0.0875
D)0.0814
E)0.0114

Question 73

1 kilogram = ________ milligrams

A)1 × 10^-6
B)1,000
C)10,000
D)1,000,000
E)none of the above

Question 74

45 m/s = ________ km/hr

A)2.7
B)0.045
C)1.6 × 10²
D)2.7 × 10³
E)1.6 × 10⁵

Question 75

3.337 g/cm³ = ________ kg/m³

A)3.337 × 10^-9
B)3.337 × 10^-5
C)3337
D)0.3337
E)333.7

Question 76

The SI unit of temperature is ________.

A)K
B)°C
C)°F
D)t
E)T

Question 77

The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures)to the following is ________. (2.01)(6.936)/ 12 = ________

A)1.1618
B)1.2
C)1.16
D)1.162
E)none of the above

Question 78

The unit of force in the English measurement system is .The SI unit of force is the Newton,which is ________ in base SI units.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 79

A cube has a volume of 856 mL.What would be the length of one edge (in cm)?

A)856
B)9.49
C)94.9
D)9.49 × 10^-2
E)29.3

Question 80

The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures)to the following is ________. 6.3 × 3.25 = ________

A)20.
B)20.475
C)20.48
D)20.5
E)21