Deck 2: Atoms and Elements

Question 1

When an atom loses electrons, ____ are formed.

A) nuclei
B) alpha particles
C) protons
D) neutrons
E) ions

Answer 1

ions

Question 2

How many microliters are in 89.63 L?

A) 8.963 × 10¹⁰ µL
B) 8.963 × 10⁷ µL
C) 8.963 × 10⁴ µL
D) 8.963 × 10^-4 µL
E) 8.963 × 10^-7 µL

Answer 2

8.963 × 10⁷ µL

Question 3

How many centimeters are in 15 feet?

A) 3.1 cm
B) 38 cm
C) 71 cm
D) 460 cm
E) 570 cm

Answer 3

460 cm

Question 4

Which metric prefix means 1 × 10^-9?

A) kilo
B) nano
C) pico
D) micro
E) milli

Question 5

The Millikan oil drop experiment was used to determine

A) whether the atom was radioactive.
B) the electron distribution in the atom.
C) the atomic number of an atom.
D) the charge of an electron.
E) the nuclear character of the atom.

Question 6

Which statement about electrons is true?

A) Electrons are found in the nucleus of the atom.
B) Electrons are attracted to negatively charged electrodes.
C) All atoms have electrons as part of their structure.
D) Electrons have much more mass than any atom.
E) Electrons are positively charged.

Question 7

Which of the following statements concerning the atom is false?

A) Chemical reactions involve only the electrons.
B) The atom contains protons, neutrons and electrons.
C) Electrons are found in orbits about the nucleus.
D) The nucleus contains only neutrons.
E) Most of the mass of the atom is found in the nucleus.

Question 8

Electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 475 nm is in the blue region of the visible spectrum. Converting this wavelength into centimeters yields:

A) 4.75 × 10^-7 cm.
B) 4.75 × 10^-6 cm.
C) 4.75 × 10^-5 cm
D) 1.86 × 10^-4 cm.
E) 1.86 × 10^-3 cm.

Question 9

A piece of paper measures 8.50 in. by 11.0 in. Calculate the area of the piece of paper in square centimeters.

A) 14.5 cm²
B) 93.5 cm²
C) 237 cm²
D) 466 cm²
E) 603 cm²

Question 10

There are ____ milligrams in a kilogram.

A) 1 × 10^-3
B) 1 × 10⁶
C) 1 × 10⁹
D) 1 × 10^-6
E) 1 × 10³

Question 11

The electrical nature of matter can best be demonstrated by an atom's

A) radioactivity.
B) atomic weight.
C) atomic number.
D) behavior on photographic paper.
E) behavior in a cathode ray tube.

Question 12

Which of the following is the most correct for the cathode ray experiments?

A) The ray bent towards the positive exterior plate, proving that the ray was made up of negative particles.
B) The cathode ray experiment can be considered equivalent with the discovery of electrons.
C) The behavior of the ray was independent of the metal chosen to make the plates in side the vacuum tube, proving that all metals contain a common particle.
D) All of these.
E) None of these.

Question 13

Converting 127 pounds to kilograms yields:

A) 50.3 kg.
B) 57.6 kg.
C) 280 kg.
D) 326 kg.
E) 1280 kg.

Question 14

Which metric prefix means 1000?

A) pico
B) micro
C) milli
D) kilo
E) nano

Question 15

In Rutherford's gold foil experiment:

A) the alpha particles used were attracted to the positive particles in the gold foil.
B) Rutherford's expectations for the experiment were proven to be correct.
C) neutrons were discovered.
D) the alpha particles mostly bounced off the foil, with most particles undergoing sharp deflections.
E) Rutherford concluded that there must be a compact, massive, positively charged particle inside the gold atoms.

Question 16

A pond has dimensions of 24 m. by 25 m. by 3.0 m. What is the volume of the pond in liters?

A) 1.8 × 10^-3 L
B) 1.8 × 10² L
C) 1.8 × 10³ L
D) 1.8 × 10⁴ L
E) 1.8 × 10⁶ L

Question 17

How many millimeters are in 0.457 yards?

A) 11.6 mm
B) 54.8 mm
C) 139 mm
D) 418 mm
E) 4570 mm

Question 18

There are ____ millimeters in a centimeter.

A) 1 × 10¹
B) 1 × 10²
C) 1 × 10³
D) 1 × 10^-1
E) 1 × 10^-2

Question 19

Converting 6.390 pounds to grams yields:

A) 2516 g.
B) 2898 g.
C) 6390 g.
D) 14090 g.
E) 16230 g.

Question 20

How many liters are in 14.6 gallons?

A) 13.8 L
B) 17.4 L
C) 55.3 L
D) 58.4 L
E) 61.9 L

Question 21

Which of the following is the most correct in regards to the mass spectrometer analysis of an element?

A) A mass spectrometer provides evidence of the existence of the proton.
B) A mass spectrometer provides evidence of the existence of the electron.
C) A mass spectrometer provides evidence for the existence of different isotopes.
D) A mass spectrometer provides evidence that different atoms of the same element have different atomic numbers.
E) Both c and d are correct.

Question 22

Which statement best describes isotopes?

A) atoms in the same vertical family
B) atoms with the same number of protons and different numbers of neutrons
C) atoms with the same number of neutrons and a different number of protons
D) atoms with the same numbers of protons and neutrons
E) atoms in the same horizontal period

Question 23

An element containing 26 protons, 26 electrons and 30 neutrons will have the symbol:

A) (⁸²Te).
B) (⁵²Zn).
C) (⁵⁶Fe).
D) (⁵⁶Zn).
E) (⁵²Te).

Question 24

Which element has an atomic number of 35 and mass number of 80?

A) (³⁵Hg)
B) (³⁵Cl)
C) (³⁵Br)
D) (⁸⁰Hg)
E) (⁸⁰Br)

Question 25

What is the proper answer and number of significant figures for the following calculation: 2.80 × 4.2?

A) 11.7
B) 11.76
C) 12.0
D) 1.2 × 10¹
E) None of these

Question 26

An element has three naturally occurring isotopes with the following masses and abundances (in parenthesis): 27.977 amu (0.9222); 28.974 amu (0.0469); 29.974 amu (0.0310). Calculate the atomic weight of the element.

A) 28.09 amu
B) 66.94 amu
C) 86.93 amu
D) 28.98 amu
E) 83.93 amu

Question 27

How many grams of argon (Ar) contain the same number of atoms as 27 g of aluminum (Al)?

A) 18 g
B) 27 g
C) 31 g
D) 40 g
E) 67 g

Question 28

How many grams of carbon (C) contain the same number of atoms as 40 g of neon (Ne)?

A) 6 g
B) 12 g
C) 18 g
D) 24 g
E) 30 g

Question 29

Which of the following statements concerning isotopes is true?

A) All isotopes of a given element are radioactive.
B) Various isotopes of the same element exhibit very different chemical reactivity.
C) Various isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons.
D) Every element has 3 isotopes.
E) Various isotopes of the same element have the same mass.

Question 30

What is the proper answer and number of significant figures for the following calculation: 0.421 + 7.70/12.245?

A) 0.663
B) 0.6632
C) 1.0498
D) 1.05
E) 1.050

Question 31

Which of the following represent a pair of isotopes?

A) I and II
B) I and III
C) I and IV
D) II and V
E) III and IV

Question 32

Which of the following statements about two isotopes is true?

A) They will have the same atomic mass.
B) They will have different numbers of protons.
C) They will have very different chemical reactivity.
D) They will have the same atomic numbers.
E) They will have the same number of neutrons.

Question 33

Assume that only two isotopes of argon, and exist in nature. If this were true, the atomic weight of sulfur would fall most closely within which range?

A) 16-33.5 amu
B) 16-34 amu
C) 16-50 amu
D) 32-34 amu
E) 48-50 amu

Question 34

An element that has 32 protons and 52 neutrons has an approximate atomic weight of:

A) 20 amu.
B) 32 amu.
C) 52 amu.
D) 60 amu.
E) 84 amu.

Question 35

Suppose the isotopic ratio of the two boron isotopes ¹⁰B (10.013 amu) and ¹¹B (11.009 amu) in a sample has been altered from the ratio found in nature and now contains 58.73% ¹⁰B in the sample. Determine the atomic weight of this sample of boron.

A) 10.511 amu
B) 10.013 amu
C) 11.009 amu
D) 10.424 amu
E) 10.498 amu

Question 36

How many significant figures are present in each of the following: 86.9, 3.710, and 0.0492?

A) three, three, three
B) three, three, four
C) three, four, three
D) three, four, four
E) three, four, five

Question 37

Which of the following statements is not true?

A) contains 53 neutrons.
B) has an atomic number of 23.
C) has the same number of protons, neutrons and electrons.
D) has the same number of electrons and protons.
E) has the same number of neutrons and protons.

Question 38

Which of the following is correct?

A) (⁸¹Br) has 35 protons, 35 electrons and 81 neutrons.
B) (³⁴S) has 16 protons, 16 electrons and 16 neutrons.
C) (⁴⁰Ar) has 18 protons, 18 electrons and 12 neutrons.
D) (⁵⁹Co) has 27 protons, 27 electrons and 32 neutrons.
E) (⁴⁸Ti) has 22 protons, 22 electrons and 24 neutrons.

Question 39

Calculate the number of moles represented by 21.7 g Fe.

A) 1210 moles
B) 0.835 moles
C) 1.20 moles
D) 2.57 moles
E) 0.389 moles

Question 40

Calculate the number of grams in 0.928 moles of nitrogen molecules (N₂).

A) 14.0 g
B) 28.0 g
C) 13.0 g
D) 26.0 g
E) 30.2 g

Question 41

How many hydrogen atoms are in a 27.0 g sample of water (H₂O)?

A) 1.50
B) 2.99
C) 4.98 × 10^-24
D) 1.81 × 10²⁴
E) 2.93 × 10²⁶

Question 42

There are _____________ centiliters in a liter.

Question 43

Three elements that are likely to have similar chemical and physical properties are:

A) B, C, Si
B) Ca, Co, Cr
C) Cu, Ag, Au
D) H, He, Ne
E) Pb, Bi, Po

Question 44

Which sample contains the greatest number of atoms?

A) 50 g Ba
B) 50 g Br
C) 50 g Ca
D) 50 g Ti
E) 50 g P

Question 45

The metric prefix _____________ means one millionth.

Question 46

Which element is the least reactive and is found uncombined in nature?

A) Au
B) Fe
C) Ne
D) N
E) Cu

Question 47

Which element can be classified as a halogen?

A) He
B) H
C) O
D) Cl
E) La

Question 48

Which element can be classified as an alkaline earth metal?

A) Al
B) Mg
C) Ag
D) Au
E) Na

Question 49

How many atoms are in a 10.0 g sample of titanium (Ti)?

A) 1.16 × 10²⁷
B) 1.26 × 10²³
C) 2.20 × 10²³
D) 2.86 × 10²³
E) 5.06 × 10²⁶

Question 50

Which element can be classified as a noble gas?

A) Cl
B) No
C) Ne
D) P
E) S

Question 51

Write the atomic symbol for an atom that contains 24 protons, 24 electrons and 26 neutrons.

Question 52

¹⁴O, ¹⁶O, ¹⁸O are called _____________.

Question 53

Which element is highly reactive?

A) Cu
B) Kr
C) C
D) Al
E) K

Question 54

Which element can be classified as a transition metal?

A) Ar
B) N
C) F
D) Co
E) Rb

Question 55

Which sample contains the same number of atoms as 175.0 g of cadmium (Cd)?

A) 225 g Pb
B) 175 g Hg
C) 307 g Au
D) 142 g Ir
E) 305 g Sn

Question 56

Which sample contains the fewest number of atoms?

A) 216 g Cr
B) 435 g Ni
C) 512 g Mn
D) 619 g Pt
E) 642 g Rb

Question 57

Which sample contains the fewest atoms?

A) 10 g of C
B) 10 g of Ne
C) 10 g of F
D) 10 g of N
E) 10 g of O

Question 58

Which element can be classified as a lanthanide?

A) Th
B) Ti
C) Tl
D) Tc
E) Tb

Question 59

Radioactive atoms emit alpha and _______ particles.

Question 60

Which sample contains the fewest atoms?

A) 50 g Xe
B) 25 g Ca
C) 50 g Li
D) 125 g Fe
E) 225 g C

Question 62

Give an example of an isotope symbol and describe what the features of the symbol specify.

Question 63

Discuss what role Rutherford's gold foil experiment had in leading to the modern model of the atom.

Question 64

Match the following:

Question 65

Does the metric system of measurement have any advantage over the "English" system of measurement? Explain why or why not.

Question 66

Give an example of an Alkaline Earth Metal.

Question 67

Give an example of an Alkali Metal.