Deck 24: The Elusive Search for Stability in the 1920s

Question 1

Which group,founded in the wake of the Easter Sunday massacre,became the driving force behind the Irish independence movement?

A)the Irish Republican Army
B)the Ulster Resistance
C)the Black and Tans
D)the Royal Ulster Constabulary
E)the Ulster Volunteer Force

Answer 1

the Irish Republican Army

Question 2

Which British economist's The Economic Consequences of the Peace warned that charging Germany high reparations would have negative consequences?

A)Friedrich Hayek
B)Adam Smith
C)Irving Fisher
D)John Maynard Keynes
E)Thomas Malthus

Answer 2

John Maynard Keynes

Question 3

After becoming president of the Republic of Turkey,what action did Atatürk take?

A)He attempted to rule through the traditional authority of the Ottoman sultanate.
B)He declared himself caliph,the protector of all Muslims.
C)He introduced secular and westernizing reforms.
D)He invested heavily in Turkey's military.
E)He refused to sign the Treaty of Lausanne.

Answer 3

He introduced secular and westernizing reforms.

Question 4

In post-war Europe,__________ emerged as political interest groups,facilitating the emergence of the welfare state in the 1920s.

A)veterans' organizations
B)communist parties
C)church organizations
D)trade unions
E)corporations

Question 5

How did corporatists propose organizing economies?

A)cartel-like corporations that would join companies and workers in the same organization
B)international organizations of corporations to make decisions that governments would not
C)laissez-faire economies that would leave greater power to corporations
D)corporate control over national economic planning bodies
E)worker control over corporations

Question 6

Why did David Lloyd George change his position to support the creation of a German Republic at the Paris Peace Conference?

A)He was morally opposed to punishing a nation that had already suffered so much.
B)He wanted to have another vote that would block American plans for the League of Nations.
C)He received bribes from German representatives.
D)He feared that France would upset the balance of power on the continent if there was no Germany.
E)He hoped to increase British trade with Central Europe.

Question 7

What was Woodrow Wilson's primary goal at the Paris Peace Conference?

A)to force Germany to pay reparations to make up for the sinking of American shipping by U-boats
B)the creation of a League of Nations to mediate future disputes
C)the demilitarization of the Rhineland to prevent Germany from invading its neighbors again
D)international recognition for the Soviet Union
E)an American base on the European continent to keep the peace in the future

Question 8

Which newly independent nation fought nearly all of its neighbors between 1918 and 1921 before signing the Peace of Riga?

A)Hungary
B)Lithuania
C)Poland
D)Czechoslovakia
E)Austria

Question 9

What was new about Mahatma Gandhi's nationalist movement in India,as opposed to earlier movements?

A)It excluded Muslims from the future independent India.
B)Its primary tactic was violent resistance against British police and soldiers.
C)It aimed for complete independence from the British Empire rather than greater autonomy.
D)It aimed for Indian independence while retaining membership in the British Commonwealth.
E)It tried to work with foreign powers to undermine the United Kingdom.

Question 10

According to the Treaty of Versailles,where did responsibility lie for the outbreak of the Great War?

A)Germany and Germany's allies' aggression
B)the entangling alliance system of the pre-war period
C)the growth of nationalist movements,culminating in the Black Hand's assassination of Francis Ferdinand
D)the lack of an international institution for resolving disputes
E)Austria-Hungary's response to the assassination of Francis Ferdinand

Question 11

In which nation was women's legal position the strongest in the 1920s?

A)France
B)the United Kingdom
C)Germany
D)Poland
E)Italy

Question 12

Why did the U.S.Senate refuse American membership in the League of Nations?

A)It feared membership would commit the United States to future entanglements in European conflicts.
B)It opposed the exclusion of Germany from membership in the League.
C)It opposed the creation of an international peacekeeping force under the League's control.
D)It feared the League would overstep its authority in former German colonies.
E)It opposed the membership fees charged for participation in the League.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of Leon Blum?

A)Blum refused to support the New Economic Policy in the Soviet Union.
B)Blum abandoned demands for worker control over the means of production,a core issue for the communists.
C)Blum believed political control could be won through elections.
D)Blum wanted France to join the Soviet Union.
E)Blum refused to allow a more democratic organization of the party.

Question 14

What did Georges Clemenceau,France's prime minister,most want in the Treaty of Versailles?

A)to punish Germany for its role in starting the conflict
B)an international organization to settle future disputes peacefully
C)a peace that was not overly punitive,to ensure it would last
D)control of Germany's African colonies
E)assurances of future military aid from the United States

Question 15

Which party held the most seats in the Reichstag as a result of the German Republic's first elections in January 1919?

A)the Christian Social Union
B)the German National People's Party
C)the Social Democratic Party
D)the National Socialist Party
E)the German People's Party

Question 16

Why did the new German Republic choose Weimar as its capital?

A)Weimar was an important industrial center that would drive the economy of the new Germany forward.
B)Weimar was an important military site,so choosing it signaled to the world Germany's desire to rearm.
C)Weimar was not in Prussia,signaling a desire to move away from Prussian military and aristocratic traditions.
D)Weimar was the birthplace of Kaiser Wilhelm II.
E)Weimar was the center of anti-French sentiment in Germany.

Question 17

What political solution to Irish independence demands resulted in part from Sinn Féin members refusing to sit in Parliament?

A)British recognition of an independent,unified Ireland
B)British police attacks on Irish civilians
C)the start of increased fighting,known as "The Troubles"
D)a ban on Irish political participation
E)the division of Ireland between the Catholic South and Protestant North

Question 18

The Treaty of Sèvres dismembered what defeated Central Power?

A)Bulgaria
B)the Turkish Ottoman Empire
C)Austria-Hungary
D)Germany
E)Italy

Question 19

Which 1919 event was an important turning point for the Indian nationalist movement?

A)the founding of the Indian National Congress
B)the Amritsar massacre
C)the arrest of Mahatma Gandhi for nationalist activities
D)a British ban on Indian political groups
E)the partition of India and Pakistan

Question 20

In what nation did Miklós Horthy come to power in 1920s as the representative of anti-communist reactionary forces?

A)Germany
B)Hungary
C)Poland
D)Romania
E)Austria

Question 21

What name did the Zurich circle of artists who rejected artistic convention in response to the Great War adopt for their movement?

A)De Stijl
B)Bauhaus
C)Dada
D)Neue Sehen
E)Der Blaue Reiter

Question 22

As the 1919 Paris Peace Conference began,what were the goals of Britain,France,and the United States for those negotiations,and to what extent did each nation succeed in obtaining its goals?

Question 23

How did Chancellor Friedrich Ebert defeat the Kapp Putsch in 1920?

A)He received military support from France and the United Kingdom to defeat the rebels.
B)He recalled demobilized soldiers from the Great War.
C)He asked workers for help,and they staged a general strike that shut most of Germany down.
D)He agreed to suspend reparations payments,satisfying the demands of the Putsch's organizers.
E)He resigned from office and called new elections,which returned a conservative government.

Question 24

Which German author penned the classic pacifist novel All Quiet on the Western Front?

A)Heinrich Mann
B)Hermann Hesse
C)Erich Maria Remarque
D)Bertolt Brecht
E)Thomas Mann

Question 25

James Joyce's Ulysses,with its "stream of consciousness" narration,is perhaps the most famous novel of what artistic movement?

A)Fauvism
B)Expressionism
C)Dadaism
D)Futurism
E)Surrealism

Question 26

What artistic movement,led by André Breton,developed from distrust of the rationality and reason that its adherents believed had led to the Great War?

A)Fauvism
B)Expressionism
C)Dadaism
D)Futurism
E)Surrealism

Question 27

What gains did British women make in the years following the Great War,and what were the limits of those gains?