Deck 14: Physical Development in Adolescence

Question 1

Which of the following aspects of adolescence were emphasized by

A)Strengths of youth
B)Conflict and mood swings of youth
C)Desirable developmental trajectories of youth
D)Domain-specific competencies of youth
G)Stanley Hall?

Answer 1

B

Question 2

According to Arnett,which of the following characterizes individuals who are in the phase of emerging adulthood?

A)Exploration of one's identity in relation to love
B)Stability in the occupational sphere of one's life
C)Focus on raising a family and looking after aging parents
D)Identification of oneself as a fully functioning adult

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The cognitive changes associated with adolescence involve

A)increased concrete thinking.
B)decreased logical and rational thinking.
C)increased egocentric and idealistic thinking.
D)decreased abstract thinking and decision making.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following is TRUE with regard to puberty?

A)Puberty and adolescence are identical terms used to refer to a single and sudden incident that characterizes the biological component of adulthood.
B)Adolescence ends long after puberty does.
C)Puberty is a period of rapid physical maturation involving hormonal and bodily changes that occur primarily in early adolescence.
D)The beginning and end of puberty can be specified clearly.

Question 5

Which of the following pubertal changes in girls would typically occur last?

A)Menarche
B)Breast enlargement
C)Height spurt
D)Growth of pubic hair

Question 6

The transition from adolescence to adulthood has recently been referred to as

A)precocious adolescence.
B)emerging adulthood.
C)precocious puberty.
D)young adulthood.

Question 7

Which of the following reflects the storm-and-stress portrayal of adolescence?

A)Adolescence is essentially a period of conflicts and mood swings.
B)Adolescence is characterized by a reduced ability to cope with life's stresses.
C)Adolescence essentially involves hostility toward parental and societal standards reflected in the acting out behaviors typical of this stage.
D)Adolescence has the potential for positive outcomes if positive social contexts are present.

Question 8

Approximately what percentage of 15-year-olds reported having a meaningful relationship outside of their family with a caring adult that helped them to succeed?

A)5 percent
B)20 percent
C)50 percent
D)75 percent

Question 9

Based on recommendations from the Allens,challenging your teenager to join you in training to run a 5K race,falls under the suggestion to

A)provide them with opportunities to be contributors.
B)give candid,quality feedback to adolescents.
C)create positive adult connections with adolescents.
D)challenge adolescents to become more competent.

Question 10

Based on recommendations from the Allens,giving your teenager her allowance for the next three months in advance and asking her to create her own budget to manage her money,falls under the suggestion to

A)provide them with opportunities to be contributors.
B)give candid,quality feedback to adolescents.
C)create positive adult connections with adolescents.
D)challenge adolescents to become more competent.

Question 11

Which of the followings statements is TRUE with regard to the pubertal growth spurt?

A)During early adolescence,boys tend to outweigh girls and this trend continues throughout the lifespan.
B)The growth spurt occurs approximately two years later for girls than for boys.
C)The mean age at the beginning of the growth spurt is 9 and 11 for females and males respectively.
D)By the elementary school years,most boys have caught up or,in many cases,surpassed girls in height.

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE with regard to emerging adulthood?

A)Emerging adulthood and young adulthood refer to the identical stage of life.
B)Emerging adulthood is categorized as the lifespan between 20 and 40 years.
C)Experimentation and exploration characterize the emerging adulthood stage of life.
D)This stage is marked by a lack of possibilities to alter the course of one's life.

Question 13

The brain-neuroendocrine process that occurs primarily in early adolescence and involves rapid physical changes in height,weight,and sexual maturation is called

A)puberty.
B)adolescence.
C)a growth spurt.
D)menarche.

Question 14

Based on recommendations from the Allens,telling your teenager to clean his room again,because the first attempt was not satisfactory,falls under the suggestion to

A)provide them with opportunities to be contributors.
B)give candid,quality feedback to adolescents.
C)create positive adult connections with adolescents.
D)challenge adolescents to become more competent.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an aspect associated with a strong relationship between a caring adult and a teenager?

A)The teen feels respected.
B)The teen feels they matter to the adult.
C)The adult is paid to spend time with the teen.
D)The adult is a resource in the life of the teen.

Question 16

Which of the following pubertal changes in boys would typically occur first?

A)First ejaculation
B)Height spurt
C)Growth of pubic hair
D)Increase in penis and testicle size

Question 17

Based on recommendations from the Allens,encouraging your teenager to engage in service learning opportunities falls under the suggestion to

A)provide them with opportunities to be contributors.
B)give candid,quality feedback to adolescents.
C)create positive adult connections with adolescents.
D)challenge adolescents to become more competent.

Question 18

_____ refers to a girl's first menstruation.

A)Adrenarche
B)Menarche
C)Menopause
D)Gonadarche

Question 19

The life trajectory of every adolescent is affected by all of the following EXCEPT:

A)Ethnicity
B)Gender
C)Lifestyle differences
D)Sibling rivalry

Question 20

The socioemotional changes associated with adolescence involve

A)increased sense of dependence on parents and family.
B)increased mood swings.
C)decreased intimacy in friendships and romantic relationships.
D)reduced conflict and greater sense of agreement and understanding with parents.

Question 21

According to recent research,the prefrontal cortex finishes developing in

A)early childhood.
B)middle childhood.
C)early adolescence.
D)young adulthood.

Question 22

A stronger sense of identity in one's thirties was linked in a study to being a(n)

A)early-maturing male.
B)late-maturing male.
C)late-maturing female.
D)early-maturing female.

Question 23

Natasha is a young teenage female.In terms of body image,

A)she is probably more satisfied than she will be in late adolescence.
B)she is probably more satisfied than the boys her same age.
C)she is probably less satisfied than she will be in late adolescence.
D)she probably is not that concerned with her body image.

Question 24

Vanessa is a late-maturing female now in her junior year of high school.Vanessa is

A)probably dissatisfied with her body.
B)probably more satisfied with her body.
C)at risk for substance abuse.
D)less likely to graduate high school than her early-maturing peers.

Question 25

In terms of brain development,which of the following brain linkages develops last?

A)Sensory areas
B)Appetitive areas
C)Risk taking
D)Reasoning

Question 26

The structure in the brain that is involved in monitoring eating and sex is the

A)pons.
B)thymus.
C)hypothalamus.
D)adrenal cortex.

Question 27

Early maturation in girls is associated with high levels of

A)self-esteem throughout life.
B)self-efficacy,especially in the adolescent years.
C)sexual abstinence when compared to late maturing girls.
D)vulnerability for depression and eating disorders.

Question 28

The endocrine system's role in puberty involves the interaction of the

A)thymus,the pineal gland,and the corpus callosum.
B)hypothalamus,the pituitary gland,and the gonads.
C)pons,the pineal gland,and the pancreatic system.
D)reticular formation and the ductal glands.

Question 29

_____ are powerful chemical substances secreted by the endocrine glands that travel through the bloodstream and play a crucial role in bringing about pubertal changes.

A)Enzymes
B)Hormones
C)Neurotransmitters
D)Serums

Question 30

Which of the following is TRUE with regard to the pituitary gland?

A)The pituitary gland is one of the gonads like testes in males and ovaries in females.
B)The pituitary gland is located above the kidneys.
C)It is the master gland that produces hormones that stimulate other glands.
D)Its functions are restricted to sexual changes in puberty and it does not regulate growth.

Question 31

Increases in smoking,drinking,sexual intercourse,eating disorders,and delinquency have been linked to

A)late-maturing females.
B)late-maturing males.
C)early-maturing males.
D)early-maturing females.

Question 32

_____ is a hormone associated in boys with the development of genitals,an increase in height,and a change in voice.

A)Estradiol
B)Testosterone
C)Oxytocin
D)Progestin

Question 33

Late-maturing boys are likely to have a _____,when compared to early-maturing boys.

A)greater advantage in dating relationships in the adolescent period
B)shorter time frame during which they must explore life's options
C)greater tendency to focus on physical status over career development
D)stronger sense of identity by the young adulthood phase of life

Question 34

_____ is a type of estrogen that is associated with breast,uterine,and skeletal development in girls.

A)Vasopressin
B)Oxytocin
C)Androgen
D)Estradiol

Question 35

Hormones that stimulate the testes or ovaries are called

A)gonadotropins.
B)vasopressins.
C)fibrinogens.
D)somatostatins.

Question 36

During which stage of development is preoccupation with body image the strongest?

A)Late childhood
B)Early adolescence
C)Late adolescence
D)Emerging adulthood

Question 37

In the United States,the average age of menarche

A)has increased rapidly over the last century.
B)has declined significantly since the mid-nineteenth century.
C)is likely to decrease substantially in the coming decades.
D)has remained unchanged over the last century expect for a slight increase in the incidence of precocious puberty.

Question 38

The thickening of the corpus callosum during adolescence improves adolescent's ability to

A)perceive depth more accurately.
B)distinguish between low and high pitch sounds.
C)process information.
D)discriminate between bitter and sweet tastes.

Question 39

Jolena is an early-maturing sixth-grade female.She is

A)probably satisfied with her body image.
B)probably dissatisfied with her body image.
C)more likely to graduate high school than her late-maturing peers.
D)not receiving much attention from the male students at her school.

Question 40

Boys generally become more satisfied with their body image as they move through adolescence because they

A)gain more fat.
B)get to start shaving.
C)gain more muscle mass.
D)finally lose their baby fat.

Question 41

Which of the following was NOT cited in your text as a possible reason for the decrease in rates of adolescent pregnancy in the United States?

A)Sex education classes
B)Fear of sexually transmitted infections
C)Lack of consenting partners
D)Increased contraceptive use

Question 42

Who is MOST likely to use a contraceptive during sexual intercourse?

A)Abram,who is seventeen and dating another seventeen-year-old
B)Paul,who is seventeen and dating a twenty-year-old
C)Jerry,who is fourteen and dating a fourteen-year-old
D)Henry,who fourteen and dating a seventeen-year-old

Question 43

Which of the following is a contextual factor related to sexual risk-taking behavior?

A)Attention problems
B)Weak self-regulation
C)Lower SES
D)High-risk proneness

Question 44

The location where fibers connect the brain's left and right hemisphere is known as the

A)optic chiasm.
B)hypothalamus.
C)amygdala.
D)corpus callosum.

Question 45

Which of the following is a cognitive factor related to sexual risk-taking behavior?

A)Lower parental monitoring
B)Higher levels of proximity to sexually active peers and siblings
C)Lower levels of maternal communication relating to sex
D)Higher degree of attention problems

Question 46

According to your text,sexual identities emerge in the context of physical,social,and ______ factors.

A)cultural
B)intellectual
C)unknown
D)informational

Question 47

The current profile of sexual activity of U.S.adolescents reveals that by the _____ grade,a majority of adolescents had reported having experienced a sexual intercourse.

A)ninth
B)tenth
C)eleventh
D)twelfth

Question 48

According to your text,sexual activity in adolescence

A)is very common and normal for almost all teenagers.
B)varies considerably from engaging in frequent sexual activity to abstinence.
C)is unaffected by religious affiliation and beliefs.
D)produces anxiety in all teenagers.

Question 49

In terms of contraceptive use,which of the following is TRUE?

A)Contraceptive use increased significantly between 2003 and 2011.
B)Younger adolescents are more likely to use contraceptives.
C)Older adolescents are more likely to use contraceptives.
D)A large age gap between partners increased the use of contraceptives.

Question 50

Ricky,a young teenager,has a tendency to engage in risky behaviors.This may be a function of his underdeveloped

A)limbic system.
B)amygdala.
C)prefrontal cortex.
D)corpus callosum.

Question 51

Which of the following is TRUE regarding adolescent pregnancy?

A)Nearly all adolescent pregnancies in the United States are planned.
B)Adolescents in the United States are more sexually active than their counterparts in the Netherlands.
C)The United States has one of the lowest rates of adolescent pregnancy among developed countries.
D)The U.S.adolescent pregnancy rate is eight times higher than in the Netherlands.

Question 52

Which of the following is TRUE with regard to sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

A)STIs are best controlled by the use of withdrawal as a method of contraception.
B)Birth control pills and implants provide adequate protection from STIs.
C)STIs are contracted through any form of sexual contact.
D)All STIs are bacterial infections that can be treated with penicillin and other antibiotics.

Question 53

Which of the following does NOT describe sexuality during adolescence?

A)Sexual exploration and experimentation
B)Curiosity about sexuality
C)Sexual fantasies and reality
D)Sexual maturity

Question 54

Between the years of 1991 and 2012,adolescent pregnancy decreased by approximately

A)25 percent.
B)50 percent.
C)75 percent.
D)the rate actually increased.

Question 55

_____ adolescents engage in sexual intercourse later than adolescents from other ethnic groups.

A)African American
B)Latino
C)Caucasian
D)Asian American

Question 56

The _____ is the seat of emotions such as anger that matures earlier than the prefrontal Cortex.

A)pons
B)cerebellum
C)amygdala
D)corpus callosum

Question 57

Concerns about attractiveness,questions about how to engage in sexual activity,and curiosity about one's future sexual life are prominent during

A)late childhood.
B)adolescence.
C)middle adulthood.
D)late adulthood.

Question 58

According to recent research,the limbic system,the seat of emotions,and where rewards are experienced,finishes developing in

A)early childhood.
B)middle childhood.
C)early adolescence.
D)young adulthood.

Question 59

Learning to manage sexual feelings,developing new forms of intimacy,and learning skills to regulate sexual behavior to avoid undesirable consequences are all aspects of one's sexual

A)identity.
B)self.
C)persona.
D)image.

Question 60

Which of the following is TRUE with regard to the prefrontal cortex?

A)The prefrontal cortex is the highest level of the frontal lobes involved in reasoning,decision making,and self-control.
B)The prefrontal cortex is completely developed by the stage of preadolescence.
C)Research has shown that adolescents may lack the executive functions required to control behavior when experiencing strong emotions.
D)Research has shown that the amygdala,which is the centre of emotion,matures substantially after the prefrontal cortex,which regulates its functioning.

Question 61

Which of the following STIs is a bacterial infection?

A)Genital herpes
B)AIDS
C)Syphilis
D)Genital warts

Question 62

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections,if untreated,leads to paralysis or even death?

A)Genital herpes
B)Gonorrhea
C)Syphilis
D)Chlamydia

Question 63

_____ is caused by a virus which destroys the body's immune system.

A)AIDS
B)Gonorrhea
C)Syphilis
D)Chlamydia

Question 64

Studies suggest that between adolescence and emerging adulthood,rates of obesity

A)increase.
B)decrease.
C)remain the same.
D)decrease slightly.

Question 65

Eric recently introduced his partner,John,to his friends at a party.Though they were extremely happy together,John grew concerned that Eric often took ill,especially late into the night,and experienced no relief despite the medications for his persistent cough and frequent bouts of fever.John's fears grew even more intense when the doctor recommended that Eric take the Elisa test.From the scenario,we can infer that Eric has been infected by

A)genital warts.
B)gonorrhea.
C)syphilis.
D)AIDS.

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT associated with adolescent mothers?

A)They are more likely to give birth to low-birth weight infants.
B)They are more likely to be depressed.
C)They are more likely to graduate on time.
D)They are more likely to display behavioral problems.

Question 67

Which of the following STIs is a viral infection?

A)Gonorrhea
B)Chlamydia
C)Syphilis
D)Genital warts

Question 68

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections can be treated with penicillin?

A)Genital herpes
B)AIDS
C)Syphilis
D)Genital warts

Question 69

Which adolescent is MOST likely to engage in moderate to vigorous exercise?

A)Ally,an adolescent girl,on a weekday.
B)Gail,an adolescent girl,on the weekend.
C)Norm,an adolescent boy,on a weekday.
D)Demetrius,an adolescent boy,on the weekend.

Question 70

Which combination dietary changes and regular exercise was used in an experimental study to help obese adolescent boys reduce abdominal fat and insulin sensitivity?

A)Aerobic exercise and resistance exercise without caloric restriction
B)Aerobic exercise and strength training with caloric restriction
C)Resistance exercise and strength training without caloric restriction
D)Aerobic exercise and resistance exercise with caloric restriction

Question 71

Recent research indicates that about 12 percent of U.S.kindergarten children were obese.By age 14,the percentage increased to approximately

A)10 percent.
B)20 percent.
C)50 percent.
D)75 percent.

Question 72

Which of the following reasons was cited in your text as a reason adolescents engage in exercise?

A)To avoid cardiovascular problems in adulthood
B)To reduce high blood pressure
C)To present a more positive body image
D)To show inactive parents that exercise is beneficial

Question 73

AIDS has reached epidemic proportions in

A)Southern Europe.
B)Western Europe.
C)Australia.
D)Sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 74

Which of the following is the strongest predictor of a lower risk for being overweight?

A)Diet quality
B)Amount of screen time
C)Participation in sports
D)Other physical activity

Question 75

In the United States,approximately how many adolescent pregnancies are unintended?

A)20 percent
B)40 percent
C)60 percent
D)80 percent

Question 76

According to recent research,the percentage of overweight U.S.12- to 19-year-olds increased by approximately _____ from the early 1990s to 2012.

A)10 percent
B)20 percent
C)30 percent
D)50 percent

Question 77

Amelie Amos is a social worker who specializes in working with adolescents.She has recently been posted to Nelville where the rates of teen pregnancy that have normally been under control,have reflected a three percent rise recently.Amelie has received four plans from her team from which she has to finalize one that will be implemented to reduce the rising levels of teen pregnancy in her district.Which of the following plans would be most effective for this purpose?

A)"Know Your Facts" is a knowledge-based plan that will provide teens with a theoretical insight into the pubertal changes they are experiencing.
B)"All for Abstinence" is a multilevel plan incorporating religious teachings,scientific research,and elements from the social discourse on the immense value of sexual abstinence in adolescence.
C)"Way to Go" is a one-time plan where teams of social workers will conduct workshops separately for girls and boys to provide them with sex education and samples of contraceptives.
D)"Make Your Choice" is a multilevel program combining comprehensive sex education and practical contraceptive usage advice along with a brief about the emergency healthcare options for sexually active adolescents.

Question 78

Rates of moderate to vigorous exercise tend to _____ as one moves through adolescence.

A)increase
B)decrease
C)remain the same
D)increase dramatically

Question 79

One in five U.S.adolescents has a sexually transmitted infection called _____ that is caused by a family of viruses and involves an eruption of sores and blisters.This infection has no known cure,but antiviral medications can shorten outbreaks.

A)syphilis
B)gonorrhea
C)genital herpes
D)chlamydia

Question 80

In the United States,which ethnic group has the highest rates of adolescent pregnancy?

A)Latina adolescents
B)African American adolescents
C)Non-Latina White adolescents
D)Asian American adolescents