Deck 7: Asking People About Themselves: Survey Research

Question 1

"Should residents of the city spend more money on parks and road improvements?" is an example of a ________ question.

A) yes-or-no
B) double-barreled
C) leading
D) needs assessment

Answer 1

B

Question 2

When constructing a survey,it is a good idea to ask the most interesting and important questions ___________________.

A) first
B) in the middle
C) last
D) scattered throughout the survey

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Research on semantic differential scales shows that concepts are rated along three basic dimensions.Which of the following is not one of these dimensions?

A) Beneficence
B) Potency
C) Evaluation
D) Activity

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The sampling ________ is the actual set of people who might be included in the sample after the population is defined.

A) size
B) set
C) frame
D) control

Question 5

The chair of the Psychology department is interested in Psychology majors' attitudes toward implementing an internship as a requirement for completion of the degree.She obtains a list of all students who are psychology majors,randomly selects 100,and surveys all of the selected students.What type of sampling technique has she employed?

A) Simple random sampling
B) Stratified random sampling
C) Class sampling
D) Convenience sampling

Question 6

In general,the lower the response rate for a survey,the

A) more likely biases exist to distort the findings.
B) less likely biases exist to distort the findings.
C) more confidence one has in generalizing the results.
D) more confidence one has that respondents are telling the truth.

Question 7

James has constructed a 95% confidence interval and found the confidence limits to be 75 and 79.We can conclude that

A) 95% of all population means will be between 75 and 79.
B) scores from 95% of individuals within the population will be between 75 and 79.
C) 95% of confidence intervals that are calculated in this manner will contain the true population mean.
D) mathematically,95% of 79 is 75.

Question 8

"Do you agree that male teenage drivers are more dangerous than female teenage drivers?" is an example of a _____ question.

A) negatively worded
B) double-barreled
C) loaded
D) yea-saying and nay-saying

Question 9

_____ indicates the deviation in results obtained from a sample compared to the true population value.

A) Reliability
B) Validity
C) Confidence interval
D) Sampling error

Question 10

Which method of choosing a sample of 10 people from a population of 100 is least likely to result in a random sample?

A) Use a table of random numbers to identify 10 people with the lowest numbers
B) Use telephone numbers to identify 10 people with the lowest numbers
C) Asking for 10 volunteers
D) Picking 10 names from a jar containing all 100 names

Question 11

Your research methods instructor asks you to distribute a survey on cheating to a random sample of college students.To save time,you go to the cafeteria and distribute the surveys among the students who are there.This sampling method is called ________ sampling.

A) simple random
B) convenience
C) cluster
D) quota

Question 12

A researcher wants to study math achievement in sixth graders.The researcher obtains a list of all elementary school districts in the province,randomly selects 5 percent of the districts,and administers achievement tests to all sixth graders in these districts.This sampling method is called ________ sampling.

A) stratified random
B) quota
C) cluster
D) convenience

Question 13

Which of the following behaviours would a researcher be least likely to do to increase response rates when employing telephone or mail surveys?

A) Send a follow-up reminder
B) Offer an incentive for participating
C) Ask a respondent to call the researcher back
D) Attempt to convince people of the importance of the survey and their participation

Question 14

In order to study changes in answers to survey questions over time,a researcher could use a(n)

A) panel study.
B) wave analysis.
C) case study.
D) archival study.

Question 15

"Are you in favour of programs designed to help lower the unreasonably high rent in the county?" is an example of a(n)_____ question.

A) unnecessarily complex
B) loaded
C) double-barreled
D) socially undesirable

Question 16

If you are asked to choose "yes or no" for the question "Are you a full-time student?" you have been asked a(n)_____ question.

A) loaded
B) open-ended
C) closed-ended
D) double-barreled

Question 17

"Do you think it is important to decrease the extreme amount of money wasted on holiday decorations?" is an example of a _____ question.

A) double-barreled
B) negative worded
C) loaded
D) yea-saying and nay-saying

Question 18

On a survey,Judd is asked to indicate his age,gender,and marital status.These items best represent which type of survey question?

A) Attitudes and belief
B) Facts and demographics
C) Behaviour
D) Subjective

Question 19

Which one of the following is a probability sampling technique?

A) Simple random sampling
B) Quota sampling
C) Convenience sampling
D) Purposive sampling

Question 20

Nancy assesses voters' attitudes toward their likelihood to vote in the city elections by asking them to make a check on a 100-millimeter line with the anchor "very unlikely" at one end of the line and the anchor "very likely" at the other.This would be an example of which type of rating scale?

A) Semantic differential
B) Graphic rating
C) Behavioural measure
D) Comparative rating

Question 21

The city council wants to examine their citizens' feelings about allowing dogs on the city's beaches.They construct a list of all the blocks in the city and randomly select 20% of the blocks to sample.They then survey all residents of the selected city blocks.This sampling strategy is an example of which of the following sampling techniques?

A) Stratified random
B) Simple random
C) Purposive
D) Cluster

Question 22

Researchers are often not worried about obtaining random samples from the "general population" for their research because

A) random samples are too difficult to obtain.
B) populations are similar regardless of where they were obtained.
C) relationships between variables will change over time.
D) most psychological research is focused on studying the relationships between variables.

Question 23

A non-probability sampling technique for choosing a sample that reflects the numerical composition of various subgroups in the population is called

A) convenience sampling.
B) stratified random sampling.
C) quota sampling.
D) cluster sampling.

Question 24

When researchers conduct a survey questioning all members of a population they are employing a _____.However,if the researchers question a subgroup of the population they are employing a _____.

A) confidence interval;sample
B) confidence interval;census
C) sample;census
D) census;sample

Question 25

When interviewing Sarah,John nods his head and smiles whenever Sarah responds with an answer that he likes.John's behaviour is an example of

A) a response set.
B) yea-saying.
C) sampling bias.
D) interviewer bias.

Question 26

In survey research,when individuals tend to respond to all questions from a particular perspective rather than to the content of the question,they are displaying

A) feedback response.
B) simplicity.
C) negative wording.
D) a response set.

Question 27

It is important to use ________ sampling when you wish to make precise statements about particular characteristics of a specific population.

A) haphazard
B) quota
C) probability
D) non-probability

Question 28

A survey researcher would be most likely to use a(n)_____ question when the dimensions of the variables are well defined.

A) loaded
B) double-barreled
C) open-ended
D) closed-ended

Question 29

A _____ sample size will _____ the size of the confidence interval.

A) large;reduce
B) large;expand
C) small;not effect
D) small;reduce

Question 30

Probability sampling techniques are most important for

A) generalization of results to a population.
B) selecting participants for experiments.
C) obtaining significant results.
D) internal validity.

Question 31

With simple random sampling,each member of the population has a(n)________ probability of being sampled.

A) equal
B) haphazard
C) nonspecific
D) 50%

Question 32

Asking participants in a survey if they agree with the statement "I like spending my free time with other people" and later in the survey asking in they agree with the statement "I enjoy being alone during my free time" will help in identifying

A) loaded questions.
B) negative wording.
C) response sets.
D) double-barreled questions.

Question 33

Jack has a difficult time answering the question "Are you in favour of increasing tuition in order to increase the number of classes and parking spaces offered?" because it is a _____ question.

A) loaded
B) double-barreled
C) negatively worded
D) yea-saying and nay-saying

Question 34

If you want to assess political allegiances amongst registered voters in Vancouver classified by social class and age,you might randomly select voters from each subgroup according to their proportion in the entire city.This sampling technique is called ________ sampling.

A) quota
B) cluster
C) simple random
D) stratified random

Question 35

The adequacy of your _____ will influence your ability to generalize your results.

A) confidence interval
B) response set
C) sampling frame
D) sampling error

Question 36

When respondents answer in agreement with all questions,this is referred to as _____.However,if respondents answer in disagreement to all questions,this is referred to as _____.

A) social desirability;social undesirability
B) loading;unloading
C) positive wording;negative wording
D) yea-saying;nay-saying

Question 37

Emily is studying the effect of physical appearance on the likelihood to vote for a female candidate using volunteers from an introductory psychology class.Emily's sampling technique best represents a

A) cluster.
B) quota.
C) simple random.
D) convenience.

Question 38

Students are asked to evaluate the food sold in the university cafeteria on 7-point scales with bipolar adjectives such as poor-good and inexpensive-expensive.These measures represent what type of scale?

A) Graphic rating
B) Comparative rating
C) Semantic differential
D) Labeled response alternatives

Question 39

A _____ is a listing of all the elements in the population.

A) confidence interval
B) response set
C) population estimate
D) sampling frame

Question 40

George wants to know what teenagers believe is the most significant social problem facing today's youth.Which type of question would be the most useful?

A) Closed-ended
B) Double-barreled
C) Open-ended
D) Loaded

Question 41

Which of the following statements is NOT true of Internet surveys?

A) After the questionnaire is completed,the responses are immediately sent to the researcher.
B) Only closed-ended questions can be presented to the respondents.
C) The researcher can obtain samples of people with particular characteristics.
D) The results obtained from the Internet are similar to results found using traditional methods.

Question 42

"The Windsor city council members should not be allowed to vote on increases in their own pay" is an example of a _____ question.

A) simplistic
B) double-barreled
C) yea-saying and nay-saying
D) negatively worded

Question 43

When Carl responds to the questions on a survey,he answers in a way that would reflect most favourably on him.Carl's behaviour best illustrates

A) social feedback.
B) social acceptance.
C) social desirability.
D) feedback response.

Question 44

Sarah stands outside of a grocery store on the west side of town and surveys exiting shoppers about their preference for frozen desserts.What type of sampling technique does Sarah's survey represent?

A) Probability
B) Non-probability
C) Stratified random
D) Simple random

Question 45

To test the hypothesis that younger people are more opposed to the use of nuclear energy than older people,the best method would be to conduct a(n)

A) archival study.
B) case study.
C) survey.
D) naturalistic observation study.

Question 46

In order to eliminate the problem of a person always agreeing or disagreeing on all items in a questionnaire,a researcher would

A) word half the questions in a positive way and half the questions in a negative way.
B) instruct participants not to agree or disagree consistently.
C) use a more reliable questionnaire.
D) include more complex questions that require more attention from respondents.

Question 47

"Do you favour elected officials not be allowed to run for more than two consecutive terms in office?" is an example of which type of question?

A) Double-barreled
B) Simplistic
C) Yea-saying and nay-saying
D) Negatively worded

Question 48

Which one of the following is a non-probability sampling technique?

A) Simple random sampling
B) Quota sampling
C) Stratified random sampling
D) Cluster sampling

Question 49

A person who tries to present himself or herself in a positive way on a questionnaire is showing a ________ response set.

A) social psychological
B) social desirability
C) social acceptance
D) social affirmation

Question 50

With all forms of probability sampling techniques,each member of the population has a(n)________ probability of being sampled.

A) equal
B) haphazard
C) specifiable
D) significant

Question 51

Non-probability sampling is most acceptable when studying

A) the characteristics of a population.
B) what people believe about current events.
C) the relationship between two variables.
D) attitudes toward controversial issues.