Deck 7: Photosynthesis

Question 1

Which of these organisms consume organic molecules to live?

A)Heterotrophs
B)Autotrophs
C)Plants
D)Hemitrophs
E)Photoautotrophs

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What is the main role of the pigment molecules within the antenna or light-harvesting complex?

A)Pass electrons to the electron transport chain and then to NADPH.
B)Synthesize NADPH.
C)Increase H+ concentration in the stroma.
D)Oxidize water and release oxygen to the reaction center chlorophyll.
E)Absorb photons and transfer light energy to the reaction center chlorophyll.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The pigment responsible for the red-yellow coloration seen in leaves during the color change in autumn is

A)chlorophyll b.
B)carotenoid.
C)phytol.
D)chlorophyll a.
E)porphyrin.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The organisms that most specifically utilize light energy to make organic molecules from inorganic molecules are

A)photoautotrophs.
B)photoisotrophs.
C)photohemitrophs.
D)heterotrophs.
E)photoheterotrophs.

Question 5

A comparison of mitochondria and chloroplast shows that

A)both use oxygen as a final electron acceptor.
B)both use an increase in pH in their inner-membrane space to produce ATP.
C)both generate ATP via a H⁺ electrochemical gradient.
D)only mitochondria contain ATP synthase.
E)they have very different electron transport protein complexes.

Question 6

A new flower species has a unique photosynthetic pigment.The leaves of this plant appear to be blue-green.What wavelengths of visible light does this pigment reflect?

A)green and blue
B)green,red,and violet
C)red,yellow,and green
D)blue and violet
E)red and yellow

Question 7

In the reaction,6CO₂ + 6H₂O $\rarr$ C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂,which side should energy be placed on?

A)The right side,this is an exergonic reaction
B)The left side,this is an exergonic reaction
C)The right side,this is an endergonic reaction
D)The left side,this is an endergonic reaction
E)Neither side,the reaction is in equilibrium

Question 8

The molecules that directly convert NADP⁺ to NADPH is/are

A)RUBISCO.
B)plastocyanin.
C)cytochrome complex.
D)NADP reductase.
E)ferrodoxin.

Question 9

A green plant is first grown in blue light and then in green light.The likely outcome for photosynthesis in both phases is

A)increased plant growth in blue light and no plant growth in green light.
B)decreased plant growth in blue light and no plant growth in green light.
C)no plant growth in blue light and increased plant growth in green light.
D)no plant growth in blue light and decreased plant growth in green light.

Question 10

The ultimate source of energy for reactions in a plant is

A)glucose.
B)catabolism.
C)plants.
D)the sun.
E)glycogen.

Question 11

Mutation of molecules in photosystem I but not photosystem II would lead a plant cell to

A)produce O₂,ATP,and NADP⁺.
B)produce O₂,ATP,and NADPH.
C)produce ATP and NADP⁺.
D)produce ATP and NADPH.
E)produce CO₂ and ATP.

Question 12

NADPH is produced by

A)NADPH production is not a part of photosynthesis.
B)the Calvin cycle alone.
C)both light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
D)neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle.
E)light reactions alonE.

Question 13

In which organelle of the plant does photosynthesis takes place?

A)grana
B)mesophyll
C)thylakoid membrane
D)mitochondria
E)chloroplast

Question 14

If you wanted to install lights to grow plants indoors,the type of light would you want to us is

A)ultraviolet,because it has stronger wavelengths.
B)gamma rays,because it has stronger wavelengths.
C)infrared,because it has stronger wavelengths.
D)visible light,because it has milder wavelengths.
E)microwaves,because it has milder wavelengths.

Question 15

The equation,6CO₂ + 6H₂O $\rarr$ C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂,describes which process?

A)photosynthesis
B)Calvin cycle
C)aerobic respiration
D)nitrogen fixation
E)light reaction

Question 16

The main structure for gas exchange in plants is called the

A)stomatA.
B)mesophyll.
C)epidermis.
D)root.
E)chloroplast.

Question 17

Identify a reactant in the light reaction of photosynthesis.

A)carbon dioxide
B)ATP
C)H₂O
D)NADPH
E)oxygen

Question 18

The process that forms the electrochemical gradient during photosynthesis is the

A)pumping of H⁺ into the thylakoid lumen.
B)movement of water by osmosis.
C)production of H⁺ in the stroma during NADPH production.
D)hydrolysis of ATP.
E)production of water from oxygen in the thylakoid lumen.

Question 19

Which portion of the photosynthetic apparatus absorbs light?

A)photosystem I
B)both photosystem I and photosystem II
C)NADP reductase
D)photosystem II
E)both photosystem I and NADP reductase

Question 20

What would happen to a plant that is treated with a chemical that prevents electrons from moving through the electron transport chain?

A)It could no longer produce CO₂.
B)It could not generate an electrochemical H⁺ gradient across a membrane.
C)Water would be broken down to form oxygen at a higher rate to compensate.
D)It could not produce NADP⁺.
E)More electrons would be available for the light harvesting array.

Question 21

Using ¹⁴CO₂ as a radioactive tracer,which molecule would be the last to incorporate ¹⁴C within the Calvin cycle?

A)ribulose biphosphate (RuBP)
B)glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)
C)rubisco
D)1,3-biphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG)
E)3-phosphoglycerate (3PG)

Question 22

Plants require a lot of water for transpiration,metabolism,and photosynthesis.How is water used in photosynthesis?

A)To combine with NADP+ to form NADPH
B)As an electron donor
C)To combine with ADP forming ATP
D)As an electron acceptor
E)As a substrate for ATP synthase

Question 23

Both ATP and NADPH are required for

A)electron transport through the thylakoid membrane.
B)both the light reaction and Calvin cycle.
C)the light reaction only.
D)neither the light reaction nor the Calvin cycle.
E)the Calvin cycle only.

Question 24

The rate of photosynthesis is much greater in green light than red light.

Question 25

Photorespiration

A)occurs in C4 plants.
B)uses the enzyme PEP carboxylase rather than rubisco to produce 3-phosphoglycerate.
C)tends to occur under dry and hot conditions.
D)requires CO₂.
E)uses a 3-carbon sugar precursor to produce oxygen.

Question 26

What will happen to the pH inside a thylakoid that is exposed to light?

A)It will increase
B)It will decrease
C)It will not change

Question 27

Harnessing light and splitting water occurs in both photosystem I and II.

Question 28

Succulent plants such as cacti or pineapple

A)tend to undergo substantial rates of photorespiration.
B)produce 4-carbon in the first step of carbon fixation.
C)continually produce sugar,both day and night under hot,arid conditions.
D)are highly efficient at photosynthesis in cooler and wet environments.
E)are C3 plants.

Question 29

Photons from light can boost an electron to a higher energy state.

Question 30

CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism)plants such as cacti differ from standard C4 plants such as corn in which of the following ways?

A)CAM plants produce a 4-carbon molecule in the first step of carbon fixation,but C4 plants do not.
B)CAM plants are more efficient at producing sugar than C4 plants regardless of environmental conditions.
C)CAM plants are limited to producing CO₂ for the Calvin cycle during the day,while C4 plants produce CO₂ for the Calvin cycle both during the day and at night.
D)CAM plants minimize photorespiration whereas C4 plants do not.
E)CAM plants use both mesophyll and bundle sheath leaf cells for photosynthesis whereas C4 plants do not.

Question 31

The Calvin cycle is only capable of fixing carbon dioxide in the dark.

Question 32

When NADP⁺

A)accepts electrons in the light reaction,it is reduced to form NADPH.
B)donates electrons in the light reaction,it is oxidized to form NADPH.
C)donates electrons in the light reaction,it is reduced to form NADPH.
D)donates electrons in the light reaction,it is hydrolyzed to form NADPH.
E)accepts electrons in the light reaction,it is oxidized to form NADPH.

Question 33

In hot and arid environments,plants that maximize photorespiration produce the most sugars.

Question 34

The primary advantage C4 plants have over C3 plants is that

A)C4 plants can produce sugars more efficiently than C3 plants under cool,wet conditions.
B)C4 plants minimize photorespiration compared with C3 plants.
C)C4 plants can produce CO₂ needed for sugar production in the Calvin cycle more efficiently than C3 plants.
D)relative to C3 plants,C4 plants can keep their stomata open more frequently to limit water evaporation.

Question 35

In the reaction,6CO₂ + 6H₂O $\rarr$ C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂,carbon dioxide is being

A)hydrolyzed
B)reduced
C)phosphorylated
D)oxidized
E)condensed

Question 36

A thylakoid that is placed in a basic solution will synthesize ATP.How is this possible?

A)A proton gradient is created by the difference in pH.
B)An electron gradient is created by the difference in pH.
C)ATP is formed spontaneously at low pH.
D)The carbon reactions are blocked in the thylakoid at high pH.
E)ATP cannot be broken down at low pH.

Question 37

How might a plant cope with the fact that the Calvin cycle uses more ATP than NADPH,yet produces roughly the same amount of both energy intermediates in photosystems I and II?

A)Electron flow rate can be increased,increasing both ATP and NADPH production.
B)Plants often increase the amount of NADP reductase,thereby increasing NADPH production to match ATP output.
C)Photosynthesis can revert from a noncyclic to cyclic electron flow,producing more ATP than NADPH.
D)Increase the electrochemical gradient for H⁺ across the thylakoid membrane,producing more ATP but not NADPH.
E)More pigment can be rapidly created for greater photosynthetic capacity,producing equal amounts of ATP and NADPH.

Question 38

If a C3 plant that normally closes its stomata during hot,dry conditions were triggered to open them instead,the most likely outcome would be that

A)O₂ enters the leaf,increasing the rate of photosynthesis.
B)more chlorophyll is made,increasing the rate of photosynthesis.
C)CO₂ enters the leaf,decreasing the rate of photosynthesis.
D)glucose leaves the leaf,increasing the rate of photosynthesis.
E)water leaves the leaf,decreasing the rate of photosynthesis.

Question 39

Where does the Calvin cycle occur?

A)chloroplast inner membrane
B)chloroplast stroma
C)thylakoid lumen
D)chloroplast outer membrane
E)thylakoid membrane

Question 40

The purpose of the light reaction is to produce

A)NADPH and ATP
B)carbon dioxide and ATP
C)ATP and oxygen
D)oxygen and glucose
E)glucose and NADPH

Question 41

A C4 plant minimizes photorespiration by

A)stomata that are only opened at night,storing oxygen in malate,and releasing oxygen during the day.
B)stomata that are only opened at night,storing carbon dioxide in malate,and releasing carbon dioxide during the day.
C)having the light reactions and carbon reactions occur in different cells,so oxygen does not come into contact with rubisco.
D)having the light reactions and carbon reactions occur in different cells,so carbon dioxide does not come into contact with rubisco.

Question 42

In the Calvin Cycle,CO₂ binds to

A)photosystem II
B)water
C)NADPH
D)glucose
E)ribulose bisphosphate

Question 43

A plant becomes dried out when

A)stomata close,decreasing gas exchange.
B)stomata close,increasing gas exchange.
C)stomata open,decreasing gas exchange.
D)stomata open,increasing gas exchange.

Question 44

Energy is carried from the light reaction to the carbon reaction by

A)water
B)ATP
C)NADPH
D)oxygen
E)NADP⁺

Question 45

A plant performing photosynthesis will

A)produce water and consume carbon dioxide.
B)produce oxygen and consume water.
C)produce oxygen and consume carbon dioxide.
D)produce carbon dioxide and consume oxygen.
E)produce carbon dioxide and consume water.

Question 46

The purpose of the light reaction is to produce

A)O₂,ATP,and NADP⁺
B)O₂,ATP,and NADPH
C)ATP and NADPH
D)ATP and NADP⁺
E)CO₂ and ATP

Question 47

Compared to red light,blue light has

A)more energy and is reflected by a green leaf.
B)less energy and is absorbed by a green leaf.
C)less energy and is reflected by a green leaf.
D)more energy and is absorbed by a green leaf.