Deck 19: Mixed Methods Research

Question 1

The conversion of qualitative data into numbers cannot add precision to the measurement of the variable.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The mixed methods approach has become more appealing as a research method due to

A) the compatibility between the qualitative and quantitative approaches when both are used in a study.
B) its pragmatic nature to seek meaningful answers to a complicated phenonemon.
C) a high level of agreement among researchers on the philosophical underpinnings of the method
D) its ability to replace the qualitative and quantitative approaches to research.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

It is not possible to convert quantitative data into qualitative information due to the requirements of context.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

In the mixed methods research, complementarity is using the results of one approach to inform the other approach.

Question 5

Interpretive rigor is concerned with

A) Theoretical consistency
B) Interpretive agreement.
C) Interpretive distinctiveness
D) B and c
E) A, b and c

Question 6

Which one of the following is not a variation of the mixed methods approach?

A) The mono-method design
B) The multi-method design
C) The mixed model
D) The multivariate model

Question 7

Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the mixed methods approach?

A) The mixed approach can break down a research topic into smaller parts for testing and can also be used to arrive at common or emerging themes in the data.
B) The mixed approach is an attempt to understand the ever shifting complexities of human behaviors.
C) The mixed approach usually results in strong external validity of the findings.

Question 8

The mixed methods approach to research

A) combines both quantitative and qualitative methods.
B) takes into consideration all possible paradigmatic, philosophical, and theoretical perspectives about a phenomenon.
C) calls for various forms of sampling procedures and data gathering.
D) All of these.
E) None of these.

Question 9

The main purpose of the mixed methods approach to research should be to

A) satisfy the expectations of qualitative and quantitative researchers.
B) get answers to an intended purpose of a study.
C) enhance the scientific value of a study.
D) enhance the transferability of the findings to a large setting.

Question 10

The mixed methods approach consists of combining the good elements from the qualitative and quantitative approaches to research.

Question 11

An umbrella term that incorporates both internal and external validity and transferability is inference quality.

Question 12

Indicators of design quality in mixed methods research include all of the following except

A) Appropriateness of the methods for answering the research question.
B) The quality and rigor with which procedures are implemented.
C) The fit and logic of the various components.
D) The consistency of inferences with theory.

Question 13

The purpose of the study and all of its parts must be clearly defined before any mixed methods study can be done.

Question 14

What factors would lead logically to the mixed methods approach to research?

A) When the quantitative approach alone is not adequate.
B) When the qualitative approach alone is not adequate.
C) When both are needed to get adequate answers to a posed research topic.
D) None of these.
E) All of these.

Question 15

Expansion in mixed methods uses different methods to enhance the breadth and range of the study.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT true about the mixed methods approach?

A) It does appear to be a distinctly different research methodology.
B) The mixed methods approach is used when the qualitative and qualitative approaches enhance the knowledge of a particular phenomenon being investigated.
C) The mixed methods approach is a very good way of understanding predictable and unpredictable human behaviors.
D) The mixed methods approach can never be accepted as a legitimate way of conducting research since it has too any controversies regarding its use.

Question 17

Which one of the following is NOT a concern of the mixed methods approach to research?

A) The requirements of time and experience needed to combine quantitative and qualitative methodologies in one study.
B) The requirements of resources and funding necessary to conduct a larger scale study.
C) The requirements of establishing causality among variables in a study.
D) The requirements of knowledge of various data analytical procedures in both the qualitative and quantitative traditions.

Question 18

Which one of the following is not an important feature of the mixed methods approach to research?

A) It seeks clarity and collaboration collaborations of the study's findings.
B) It seeks alternative interpretations.
C) It seeks to establish narratives as an important source of data.
D) It investigates commonalities and contradictions.
E) It expands the breadth and depth of a study.

Question 19

The use of words, narratives, and images can add meaning to numbers.

Question 20

Data transformation is a term used in mixed research when a researcher begins with qualitative data and then transforms the data in into numerical values for comparative or statistical analysis.

Question 21

What one of the following constitutes an appropriate mixed methods approach to research?

A) When only one form of sampling procedure is used to enhance external validity.
B) When phenomenology is combined with historiography.
C) When narrative research is combined with an ex post facto design.
D) When participants are interviewed face-to-face.

Question 22

The mixed methods approach is suitable when

A) the phenomenon to be studied needs to have very strong external validity.
B) considerable apriori knowledge is already known about a phenomenon to be examined.
C) confirmatory and exploratory evidence add to the study.
D) causal linkages need to be established among variables.

Question 23

Which one of the following is not a strength of the mixed method approach?

A) A researcher does not have to conform to just a single methodology.
B) It can generate insights missed by the other method not chosen.
D) It can potentially provide a more complete understanding of a very complicated phenomenon.
D) It is a method that will have more scientific credibility and value.

Question 24

In which research topic should the mixed methods approach be most appropriate?

A) The development of the theory of relativity.
B) The issue of student development among international students.
C) The impact of speed limit on fuel efficiency of automobiles.
D) The relationship between high school grade-point-average and college grade-point-average.

Question 25

Which of the following is an advantage of the mixed method approach to research?

A) The strength of one methodology can potentially overcome a weakness of the other.
B) The use of words and narratives can add meaning and insights to numbers generated by the quantitative side.
C) The mixed approach is a good way to verify existing theories.
D) The mixed approach can provide stronger conclusion and a more complete understanding of a phenomenon through corroboration of findings.
E) All of the above.

Question 26

The mixed method approach involves the use of

A) inductive reasoning.
B) deductive reasoning.
C) Both of these.
D) Neither of these.

Question 27

Which one of the following is not a true statement about the mixed methods approach?

A) The concept of "integration" is specifically aimed at resolving paradigmatic contradictions in enhancing the likelihood of greater generalizability.
B) The concept of "complementarity" involves elaboration, illustration, enhancement, and clarification of findings from one method to the other.
C) The concept of "development" uses the findings from one approach to develop and inform the other.
D) The concept of "initiation" is aimed at discovering paradoxes or contradictions in findings that might lead to reframing a theory.

Question 28

According to Teddlie and Tashakkori, the degree to which inferences might be applicable to other settings is called?

A) Conceptual transferability
B) Temporal transferability
C) Ecological transferability
D) Population transferability

Question 29

The notation system in the mixed methods approach can be used to indicate

A) Weighting priority.
B)Sequence of data collection.
C)Embedded nature.
D)A and b.
E)A, b and c.

Question 30

Which one of the following is not a weakness of the mixed methods approach to research?

A) Difficulty in collaborating and interpreting the data collected from both methodologies.
B) Finding the right tools to analyze the data.
C) Extensive expertise is needed to design, collect, and analyze the data.
D) Additional time and expenses are needed to conduct the study.
E) All of these.

Question 31

The mixed method is probably a good technique to use when there is

A) very little or no apriori knowledge about a phenomenon.
B) some apriori but not complete knowledge about a phenomenon.
C) a need to verify theories in a controlled laboratory setting.

Question 32

What one of the following is not a disadvantage of the mixed method approach to research?

A) It involves a great deal of time, resources, and difficulty to conduct this type of research
B) Most researchers are not skilled in both quantitative and qualitative methodologies.
C) Data collection and analysis can become over simplified.
D) Issues of interpretation and implications can be problematic, particularly when information is inconsistent or inconclusive

Question 33

According to Teddlie and Tashakkori, the degree to which inferences can be replicated by others is called

A) Conceptual transferability
B) Temporal transferability
C) Ecological transferability
D) Population transferability

Question 34

One effective criterion that can be used to judge the rigor (quality) of the mixed methods approach is to determine

A) whether the design can generate the best possible answers to the posted research questions to be pursued.
B) whether the design can provide consistency in interpretation of the data throughout the study.
C) Neither of these.
D) a and b

Question 35

What of the following is true about the mixed methods approach to research?

A) Many purists of research methodology argue that quantitative and qualitative methods are incompatible with each other and therefore cannot be combined as one.
B) The mixed methods approach should always be the preferred way of doing research.
C) The mixed methods approach cannot possibly be a viable method of doing research in social and behavioral sciences.
D) The mixed methods approach can only work well when human behavior is assumed to be unpredictable.

Question 36

Why is there a need for this hybrid form of methodology?

Question 37

The purpose of triangulation in the mixed methods approach to research is to

A) forge the convergence of data collected from the different methods.
B) investigate patterns of consistencies and inconsistencies in the study's findings.
C) to understand a research problem using various data methods, time dimensions, and paradigms.
D) All of these.

Question 38

An advantage of the embedded design (in which one form of data supports a second form) is that

A) different data sets are mixed at the design level rather than in the data analytical sequence of events.
B) both qualitative and quantitative data may be required to add more meaningful and significance.
C) embedded qualitative or quantitative data can serve as a triangulation strategy for checking validity or data trustworthiness.
D) All of these.
E) None of these.

Question 39

The mixed methods approach can be implemented at

A) the design level.
B) the data analytical component.
C) Both of these.
D) Neither of these.

Question 40

Which of the following can occur in the mixed methods approach to research?

A) Both quantitative and qualitative data are collected separately, and data are analyzed in an integrated manner.
B) Both quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analyzed separately, leading to separate inferences or write-ups.
C) Each methodology is used sequentially in order to inform the next sequence of research events.
D) Both quantitative and qualitative data can be collected separately or in an integrative way throughout the study.
E) All of the above.

Question 41

What would be the two major weaknesses or limitations associated with the mixed methods approach?

Question 42

Explain how data in the mixed methods approach might be analyzed,

Question 43

Explain inference quality and inference transferability as they are used in mixed methods research.

Question 44

What would be two of the major strengths of the mixed methods approach to research?

Question 45

How are cases or subjects in a study chosen in the mixed methods approach?