Deck 20: Qualitative Data Analysis and Interpretation

Question 1

Regarding data analysis conducted via computer, your text suggests that

A) computer analysis is more valid than doing the analysis by hand.
B) computer software should be used only to code your data.
C) computer software can be used to assist with data analysis.
D) computer analysis is more reliable than doing the analysis by hand.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Of the following, which is a qualitative data interpretation strategy discussed in your text?

A) Connect findings with personal experience.
B) Use a frequency analysis to examine the data.
C) Report a description of all themes.
D) Present the findings that confirm your beliefs.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Of the following, which is a question qualitative researchers might ask themselves when conducint data analysis during data collection?

A) Do I have enough data? b Does the evidence proof my position?
C) Are my data objective enough for validity? d Is my research question still answerable?

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Marcus is a qualitative researcher who studies the communication of frustration among colleagues. He has collected his data and is currently trying to find patterns and meaning in the data. He is using a strategy where he records on index cards to allow for future sorting. Which of the following data analysis strategies is Marcus most directly conducting?

A) Coding
B) Answering key questions
C) Organizational overview
D) Displaying findings

Question 5

Qualitative data analysis is a process of

A) deduction.
B) induction.
C) generalizability.
D) objectivity.

Question 6

Both Marianne and Bill examined the same set of qualitative data collected from couples in a study designed to understand relationship stress. Interestingly, the themes that emerged from the data were not consistent across the two researchers. Of the following, which is the most likely reason for the discrepancy?

A) The data were not valid.
B) The data were not reliable.
C) Qualitative analysis is interpretive.
D) Qualitative analysis is deductive.

Question 7

Sally is a physical therapist who is conducting a narrative research study of people's rehabilitation stories. She has organized her data and is becoming familiar with her data and is identifying potential themes. Sally is engaged in which of the following qualitative data analysis steps?

A) Memoing
B) Classifying
C) Describing
D) Examining

Question 8

Of the following which is a popular qualitative data analysis software package?

A) MYSTAT
B) SPSS
C) NVivo
D) SAS end user

Question 9

The data analysis strategy that specifically consists of a visual representation of causal relationships is specifically referred to as

A) developing concept maps.
B) analyzing antecedents and consequences.
C) stating what is missing.
D) relating the findings to theory.

Question 10

Although with revisiting data during data analysis the steps of data analysis may change, the initial sequence of data analysis concludes with _____________.

A) classifying.
B) reading.
C) memoing.
D) describing.

Question 11

When conducting data analysis during data collection one suggestion for qualitative researchers is to

A) seek evidence to support your initial thoughts.
B) assure you have enough data for an objective analysis.
C) reflect on what you are attending to and leaving out.
D) finish data collection as quickly as possible.

Question 12

Of the following, which is an important question for data interpretation?

A) Why did I collect this much data?
B) What is important in these data?
C) How can I classify these data?
D) How can I manage these data?

Question 13

The stage of qualitative data analysis that addresses detailed analysis of the setting is the _____________ stage.

A) classifying.
B) justifying.
C) organizing.
D) describing.

Question 14

Karen is an instructional researcher interested in the interactions among learners in discussion groups. Not only does Karen have observational notes, and interview notes, she also has verbatim discourse of students' discussions. According to your text, of the following, which is the most appropriate first step for Karen to take in order to analyze her data?

A) Code her field notes.
B) Code her discussion data
C) Classify her observational data.
D) Sequence all notes with labels.

Question 15

Your text indicates that the first step in analyzing data in any qualitative study is ___________ the data.

A) interpreting
B) coding
C) organizing
D) classifying

Question 16

Of the following, according to your text and other cited sources, which is a question that a qualitative researcher might pose to guide data analysis and interpretation?

A) Have I quantified my variables?
B) Have I tied my research question to existing theory?
C) Have I collected the data I wanted?
D) Have I controlled for external validity concerns?

Question 17

In qualitative data analysis, the identification of potential themes occurs during which processes?

A) describing and classifying.
B) classifying and justifying.
C) memoing and reading.
D) describing and reading.

Question 18

Which of the following is one of the iterative steps of qualitative data analysis as presented in your text?

A) Justifying
B) Critiquing
C) Describing
D) Examining

Question 19

When a researcher categorizes and codes pieces of her data and groups them into themes, she is said to be

A) memoing the data.
B) classifying the data.
C) describing the data.
D) reading the data.

Question 20

Regarding data organization, which of the following is NOT a suggestion provided in the text?

A) Make photocopies of your data
B) Make back-up files of your data
C) Have other researchers code your data
D) Note themes and patterns that emerge

Question 21

Qualitative data analysis is ________________.

A) definitive
B) objective
C) generalizable
D) interpretative

Question 22

Won has pages of transcribed interviews for her thesis on first generation college students' feelings of stress and anxiety. Of the following, which is something she should do to help her to manage these data?

A) Separate her data and read one person's data at a time.
B) Get an initial sense and read through all of her data.
C) Start to read her data only after identifying codes.
D) Establish a matrix to place student comments in before she reads.

Question 23

Making sense of what data mean is termed _______________.

A) interpretation
B) analysis
C) examination
D) classifying

Question 24

Henry has a large body of qualitative data and is unsure how to proceed. Of the following what is one suggestion supported by your text, that will assist Henry now?

A) Discard data that appears to be less related after a preliminary read.
B) Focus the study to facilitate analysis.
C) Employ the use of a computer software program to code.
D) Recode the data again to reduce the amount to memo.

Question 25

Laqueta is studying the cultural of Catholic schools in urban areas in the Midwest United States. As part of her qualitative study she exams the goals and objectives of the schools. Which data analysis strategy of those below is Laqueta best illustrating?

A) Organizational review
B) Asking key questions
C) Identifying themes
D) Display what's missing

Question 26

Joel is interpreting his qualitative data regarding students' perceptions of the role of faith-based groups on public university campuses. Which of the following is a technique that your text suggests that Joel should use during this phase of his data analysis?

A) Extend the analysis and suggest potential implications.
B) Recode all of his data to assure reliability.
C) Assess the validity of his codes through content analysis.
D) Determine the generalizability of his codes in a new data set.

Question 27

In Jack's study of school bus misconduct, he included observations but also relied heavily on structured interviews. Which of the following is something Jack might do to ensure credibility of his data?

A) Jack should assure that he has used a valid interview protocol.
B) Jack should make sure his statistics were accurately conducted.
C) Jack should reflect upon contextual circumstances during his study.
D) Jack should strive for an inter-rater reliability of at least .80.

Question 28

Sabrina collected and analyzed her qualitative dissertation data that examined the meditation strategies used by chronically ill elderly women. During the interpretation phase she tied her findings to previous research found in the literature that suggested education level may be related to ability to meditate while ill. The strategy Sabrina used is best described as

A) memoing.
B) contextualizing.
C) empirically grounding.
D) generalizing.

Question 29

Karobi wants to assure he has credible qualitative data for his study on violent and aggressive student behaviors during lunch sessions. Which of the following questions might he ask himself regarding the data?

A) Does my study lend itself to generalization?
B) Do the findings inform policy?
C) What biases might have influenced my observation?
D) What competing hypothesis might I test?

Question 30

Margarita is cautious about her analysis. She wants to leave some of the interpretation to others and asks questions of the data instead of drawing conclusions. Margarita is employing which of the following data analysis strategies?

A) Connect findings with personal experiences
B) Extend the analysis
C) Contextualize findings in the literature
D) Turn to theory

Question 31

Tamar is studying the inclusion of religion in secular schools. He has coded much of his notes, and has made copies of the originals. One problem he has faced, however, is that some of his notes are illegible. Tamar's problem is best categorized as a problem in data

A) interpretation.
B) coding.
C) organization.
D) classification.

Question 32

Trey is analyzing his qualitative data and is asking himself key questions. Which of the following is likely a question he would pose?

A) What conclusions can I draw from these data?
B) When does this problem occur?
C) What do these data conclude?
D) Are my conclusions warranted?

Question 33

Of the following, which is an accurate statement of how best to code qualitative data?

A) Collect all data and then start to code in small pieces.
B) Only code data after you have a representative sample of responses.
C) Think about potential codes as you are first collecting data.
D) Begin coding by reading through all of your data.

Question 34

Wei is a qualitative research who studies friendship in preteens. She collected observational data for several months and is now engaged in interpretation of the findings. Which of the following questions should Wei ask herself?

A) Why did I collect these data?
B) How can I best classify these data?
C) What can be learned from these data?
D) How can I describe these data?

Question 35

Laili integrates her data from her study with the review of the literature to analyze her data. She is currently engaged in which of the following data analysis strategies?

A) Organizational review
B) Asking key questions
C) Identifying themes
D) Coding observations

Question 36

Ariel is beginning data analysis. Her study seeks to understand depression in young children. She has extensive notes from observations and interviews. She stops to reflect during data analysis and asks herself, "What are the issues related to this problem", "Who else are the key players in my participant's life" as part of her analysis strategy. In this scenario Ariel is displaying which of the following data analysis strategies? a Organizational review
B) Asking key questions
C) Identifying themes
D) Displaying what's missing

Question 37

Your text indicates that the last step in the iterative process of qualitative data analysis is __________ the data.

A) interpreting.
B) coding.
C) managing.
D) classifying.