Deck 11: Appendix: Technology Briefing: Foundations of Information Systems Infrastructure

Question 1

Which of the following devices is developed primarily for the disabled for help with computer operating?

A) eye-tracking device
B) track pads
C) optical mouse
D) joystick
E) touch screen

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The ________ is called the computer's brain,as it is responsible for performing all the operations of the computer.

A) random-access memory
B) output device
C) central processing unit
D) input device
E) read-only memory

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A ________ occurs if a read/write head for some reason touches one of the disks in a hard drive,leading to a loss of data.

A) head crash
B) click of death
C) bad sector
D) disk compression
E) base isolation

Answer 3

A

Question 4

________ is a technology in which extra copies of data are stored on two or more hard drives to ensure that critical data is not lost.

A) Just a bunch of disks (JBOD)
B) Redundant array of independent disks (RAID)
C) Single large expensive disks (SLED)
D) Basic input output systems (BIOS)
E) Switched port analyzers (SPAN)

Question 5

________ is used to store programs and instructions that are automatically loaded when the computer is turned on.

A) Random-access memory
B) Cache memory
C) Read-only memory
D) Flash memory
E) Virtual memory

Question 6

Which of the following scanning technologies is used by the banking industry to read data,account numbers,bank codes,and check numbers on preprinted checks?

A) optical mark recognition
B) bar code reading
C) magnetic ink character recognition
D) biometric scanning
E) optical character recognition

Question 7

The electronic circuit that generates pulses at a rapid rate to set the pace for processing events to take place within a computer is known as the ________.

A) peripheral port
B) motherboard
C) system clock
D) universal serial bus
E) solid state drive

Question 8

________ codes are represented as a series of ones and zeros and are used to relay data and instructions to and from the central processing unit (CPU)of a computer.

A) Binary
B) Morse
C) Source
D) Block
E) Object

Question 9

A(n)________ is a small block of memory used by processors to store those instructions most recently or most often used.

A) solid-state drive
B) network interface card
C) cache
D) serial port
E) flash drive

Question 10

Which of the following types of specialized scanners is used to scan questionnaires and test answer forms where answer choices are indicated by filling in circles using pencils or pens?

A) optical mark recognition
B) biometric scanner
C) bar code reader
D) magnetic ink character recognition
E) optical character recognition

Question 11

Which of the following speech recognition-based technologies is used for telephone surveys,and to guide customers through the various menu options when calling a company's customer service line?

A) bar code reader
B) smart card reader
C) biometric scanner
D) interactive voice response
E) computer-aided translation

Question 12

A(n)________ scanner is used to scan human body characteristics for identification and security purposes.

A) biometric
B) optical
C) bar code
D) smart card
E) port

Question 13

Which of the following is an input device used to enter information into computers?

A) speakers
B) track pads
C) printers
D) headphones
E) plotters

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of secondary storage?

A) cache memory
B) read-only memory
C) hard drive
D) random-access memory
E) process register

Question 15

Entering a large number of separate forms or documents into a computer system and manipulating these data at a single time is referred to as ________.

A) inter-processor communication
B) batch processing
C) chain loading
D) context switching
E) process control block

Question 16

________ has gained widespread acceptance,as it allows for representing characters and scripts beyond the Latin alphabet,including Chinese,Cyrillic,Hebrew,and Arabic.

A) MIME
B) Unicode
C) Binary code
D) Source code
E) ASCII

Question 17

Which of the following is measured in hertz in a microcomputer?

A) clock speed
B) hard drive storage
C) random-access memory
D) virtual memory
E) screen resolution

Question 18

________ is located on the motherboard and is used to store the data and programs currently in use.

A) Random-access memory
B) Hard disk drive
C) Flash drive
D) Smart card
E) Memory card

Question 19

________ is used by text recognition software to convert typed,printed,or handwritten text into the computer-based characters that form the original letters and words.

A) Natural language processing
B) Optical character recognition
C) Speech recognition
D) Autonomous automation
E) Computer vision software

Question 20

________ are data streams transmitted using specific protocols that are available for immediate playback on the recipient's computer.

A) Direct connect
B) Parallel data rendering
C) Streaming media
D) Stream ciphers
E) Digital data

Question 21

Which of the following operating systems was the first commercial graphical-based operating system that made its debut in 1984?

A) Mac OS
B) Linux
C) Windows
D) Unix
E) z/OS

Question 22

A flash drive,located within the CPU,is a small block of memory used by processors to store instructions that are most recently or most often used.

Question 23

Describe the primary storage used in computer systems.

Question 24

Secondary storage is located on the motherboard and is used to store the data and programs currently in use.

Question 25

Which of the following is a multiuser,multitasking operating system that is available for a wide variety of computer platforms,and is commonly used because of its superior security?

A) Android
B) iOS
C) Windows
D) Unix
E) z/OS

Question 26

Within the computer,a system clock generates pulses at a rapid rate,setting the pace for processing events to take place,rather like a metronome marks time for a musician.

Question 27

Which of the following is an output technology that delivers information in a usable format?

A) scanner
B) keyboard
C) printer
D) optical mouse
E) eye-tracking device

Question 28

A(n)________ interface allows for simultaneous transmission of digital audio and video signals.

A) separate graphical video
B) auxiliary
C) separate audio
D) high definition multimedia
E) component video

Question 29

Which of the following is a valid observation of the difference between solid state drives and hard disk-based drives?

A) Hard disk drives are typically faster than solid state drives.
B) Solid state drives have no moving parts, while hard disk drives have moving mechanical parts.
C) Solid state drives are louder and less reliable than hard disk drives.
D) Hard disk drives are more expensive than solid state drives.
E) Hard disk drives use microchips to store data, while solid state drives use magnetic disks.

Question 30

A scanner is an output device that produces a paper copy of alphanumeric or graphic data from a computer.

Question 31

A(n)________ is an output device that produces a paper copy of alphanumeric or graphic data from a computer.

A) scanner
B) monitor
C) printer
D) e-paper
E) eye-tracking device

Question 32

Data stored on disks is easier and faster to locate than data on magnetic tapes,because ________.

A) the data on disks is stored in binary form
B) disks have larger and more efficient storage capacities as there are more than three levels of cache
C) disks have both mechanical and electronic parts
D) magnetic tapes store data in tiny magnetic spots with smaller wavelengths
E) computers do not have to scan an entire tape to find a specific data file when using disks

Question 33

A(n)________ provides a hardware interface,such as plugs and sockets,for connecting to computers.

A) input device
B) primary storage device
C) removable storage device
D) keyboard
E) port

Question 34

Examples of input technologies include track pads and scanners.

Question 35

A(n)________ is a secondary storage technology that uses nonvolatile memory chips to store data.

A) router
B) virtual port
C) cache register
D) solid-state drive
E) switch

Question 36

Which of the following types of ports is used to connect networks in standard local area networks?

A) ethernet port
B) VGA port
C) serial port
D) parallel port
E) USB port

Question 37

With streaming media,a Web user has to wait for the entire file to be downloaded before seeing the video or hearing the sound.

Question 38

________ are removable,high capacity,secondary storage media that allow sequential access of data.

A) Routers
B) Switches
C) Tapes
D) Modems
E) Hard disk drives

Question 39

Solid-state drives are typically quieter,more reliable,but also more expensive than traditional hard disk-based drives.

Question 40

Parallel ports offer the slowest data transfer rates among all computer ports.

Question 41

A(n)________ is a type of program that translates a program's source code into machine language and executes one statement at a time.

A) compiler
B) assembler
C) interpreter
D) executable
E) linker

Question 42

Which of the following object-oriented programming concepts allows programmers to group objects of the same properties and behavior together?

A) encapsulation
B) inheritance
C) class
D) polymorphism
E) abstraction

Question 43

________ allows adding new hardware to a computer system,such as a game controller,printer,and scanner to function with the operating system of the computer.

A) File conversion
B) Data compression
C) Backup
D) File defragmentation
E) Device driver

Question 44

Which of the following is an example of a visual a programming language?

A) Visual Basic.NET
B) XML
C) HTML
D) Microsoft.NET
E) CSS

Question 45

Which of the following object-oriented programming concepts is reflected by a word processor that reacts to a user's typing and clicking?

A) inheritance
B) event-driven program execution
C) encapsulation
D) class
E) delegation

Question 46

Google's Linux-based operating system for mobile devices is known as ________.

A) iOS
B) Symbian
C) Java
D) Bada
E) Android

Question 47

In ________,data and behavior of a class are hidden from other classes and are thus protected from unexpected changes.

A) event-driven program execution
B) encapsulation
C) object
D) class
E) inheritance

Question 48

Which of the following statements accurately reflects a difference between compilers and interpreters?

A) Interpreters translate assembly language to machine language, while compilers translate machine language to assembly language.
B) Compilers convert a program's entire source code into an executable, while interpreters translate source code on the fly, i.e., one statement at a time.
C) Compiled programs run much slower than interpreted programs.
D) Compiling programs is a slower process and errors are often not prompted; whereas with interpreters, the translation and error-correction happens concurrently.
E) Compared to interpreters, it is easier to quickly evaluate the effects of any changes made to a program's source code when using a compiler.

Question 49

Identify the programming language that allows programmers to easily add a command button to a screen with a few clicks of a mouse instead of programming the button pixel by pixel and using many lines of code?

A) object-oriented language
B) Web development language
C) visual programming language
D) scripting language
E) prototype-based programming language

Question 50

Which of the following types of computer software utilities is used to archive files from hard disks to tapes,flash drives,or other storage devices?

A) data compression
B) file defragmentation
C) disk and data recovery
D) backup
E) device drivers

Question 51

________ are used by Web developers to specify the formatting and layout of elements on a Web page.

A) Word documents
B) Graphic designing tools
C) Photo editing applications
D) Excel sheets
E) Cascading style sheets

Question 52

The source code is translated into machine language using programs called ________.

A) middleware
B) firmware
C) spreadsheet
D) debugger
E) compiler

Question 53

Which of the following is an example of an HTML editor?

A) Adobe Dreamweaver
B) Adobe Acrobat Reader
C) Apple Keynote
D) Open Office Word
E) Harvard Graphics

Question 54

________ languages use common modules which combine properties and behaviors to define the relevant system components.

A) Object-oriented
B) Markup
C) Structured query
D) Metaprogramming
E) Synchronous

Question 55

________ are small programs that are executed within another application,such as a Web page.

A) Caches
B) Packets
C) Applets
D) Flashes
E) Basics

Question 56

________,a programming language developed by Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s,is used to add dynamic content to Web pages.

A) HTML
B) Visual Basic
C) Java
D) LISP
E) Basic

Question 57

Identify the computer software utility that allows more data to be stored on a disk by substituting short code for frequently repeated patterns of data.

A) file defragmentation
B) data compression
C) device drivers
D) file conversion
E) disk and data recovery

Question 58

Which of the following types of computer software utilities translates a file from one format to another so that it can be used by an application other than the one used to create it?

A) file conversion
B) data compression
C) backup
D) file defragmentation
E) device driver

Question 59

________ is a programming platform that is used to develop applications that are highly interoperable across a variety of platforms and devices.

A) Adobe Dreamweaver
B) Microsoft Expression Web
C) HTML
D) PHP
E) Microsoft.NET

Question 60

________ is a programming language used to develop applications in artificial intelligence and high-speed arcade graphics.

A) Perl
B) COBOL
C) LISP
D) FORTAN
E) C++

Question 61

Write a brief note on object-oriented programming languages.

Question 62

________ is an open source tool for designing dynamic Web content.

A) PHP
B) LISP
C) BASIC
D) MySQL
E) Microsoft Access

Question 63

Tools that make it easier for the systems analyst to identify data requirements and relationships,and also help model how systems look and feels to users are called ________.

A) documentation generators
B) code generators
C) diagramming tools
D) screen and report generators
E) repositories

Question 64

________ refers to the use of automated software tools by systems developers to design and implement information systems.

A) Computer aided software engineering (CASE)
B) American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)
C) Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
D) Redundant array of independent disks (RAID)
E) Carrier sense multiple access (CSMA)

Question 65

Which of the following computer-aided software engineering (CASE)tools enable system process,data,and control structures to be represented graphically?

A) repositories
B) code generators
C) diagramming tools
D) screen and report generators
E) analysis tools

Question 66

With a compiler,it is easy to quickly evaluate the effects of any changes made to the program's source code as the source code is translated each time the program is run.

Question 67

Which of the following software tools allows developers to create animation and video that can be compressed small enough for fast download speeds?

A) Adobe Flash
B) MySQL
C) CSS
D) HTML
E) XML

Question 68

________ are computer-aided software engineering (CASE)tools that automatically check for incomplete,inconsistent,or incorrect specifications in diagrams,screens,and reports.

A) Documentation generators
B) Code generators
C) Diagramming tools
D) Repositories
E) Analysis tools

Question 69

________ computing is a synergistic form of distributed computing in which two or more networked computers are used to accomplish a common processing task.

A) Serial
B) Collaborative
C) Centralized
D) Mobile
E) Parallel

Question 70

Microsoft Access is an example of a Web page builder.

Question 71

The only difference between Java and JavaScript is that JavaScript cannot perform the Java function of supplying interactive content to Web pages.

Question 72

Microsoft .NET is a programming platform that is used to develop applications that are highly interoperable across a variety of platforms and devices.

Question 73

Compare and contrast compilers and interpreters.

Question 74

List the common tasks of an operating system.

Question 75

Hyper-text markup language (HTML)is the most widely used language for developing Web pages.

Question 76

Which of the following functions do scripting languages perform?

A) creating Web pages that load quickly compared to HTML-developed Web pages
B) developing applications in high-speed arcade graphics
C) checking the accuracy of user-entered information on Web pages
D) automating or supporting activities throughout the information systems development process
E) laying out or formatting Web pages

Question 77

Which of the following statements reflects the difference between Java and JavaScript most accurately?

A) Java can be used across multiple platforms and operating systems, while JavaScript cannot be used similarly.
B) JavaScript is used to check accuracy of user-entered information, which Java does not support.
C) Java is used to supply interactive components to Web pages, while JavaScript is not.
D) JavaScript can be used as a useful component tool for creating Web pages, while Java is used to create word files.
E) Java allows users to create or add applets that lend dynamic content to Web pages, while JavaScript does not.

Question 78

________ are computer-aided software engineering (CASE)tools that enable the integrated storage of specifications,diagrams,reports,and project management information.

A) Repositories
B) Analysis tools
C) Code generators
D) Diagramming tools
E) Documentation generators

Question 79

List the common types of computer software utilities and briefly explain their functions.

Question 80

Web page designers frequently use Microsoft Access to check the accuracy of user-entered information,such as names,addresses,and credit card numbers.