Deck 14: Language

Question 1

Verbal immediacy is used to reduce the psychological distance between the speaker and her topic.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

To demonstrate linguistic sensitivity, avoid using ___________________________.

A)generic language
B)nonparallel language
C)offensive humor
D)all of these

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Language used to reduce the psychological distance between a speaker and her audience is known as _________________________

A)verbal immediacy
B)common ground
C)marking

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Talking about common experiences will ________________________________.

A)cause the audience to disrespect the speaker
B)make the speech boring
C)cause the audience to interrupt the speech
D)allow the audience to identify with the speaker

Question 5

Establishing relevance can be done ______________________.

A)just in the introduction of the speech
B)only in technical topics
C)by showing the audience how the information relates to them personally
D)when the audience has a lot of time on their hands

Question 6

Asking rhetorical questions is one of the best ways to develop common ground.

Question 7

Aileen is giving a speech about homelessness.If she wanted to adapt her speech in terms of proximity she could ____________________________.

A)startle her audience by telling them how many people are homeless
B)narrow her speech to talk about homelessness in the city in which most of her audience members live
C)tell her audience what they can do to help solve the problem
D)provide her audience with a personal story about homelessness.

Question 8

An effective oral style does all of the following except __________________________.

A)tend toward short sentences and familiar language
B)use strong-I statements
C)incorporate clear structural elements

Question 9

A speaker who changed his or her phrasing from "When an individual eventually gets enough money for a down payment on a house, he needs to ask himself some very serious questions" to "When you eventually get enough money for a down payment on a house, you need to ask yourself some very serious questions" has learned the value of _____________________.

A)rhetorical questions
B)being specific
C)personal pronouns
D)repetition

Question 10

Sensory language refers to using precise words that clarify meaning by narrowing what is understood from a general category to a particular item or group within that category.

Question 11

A speaker using the strategy of proximity in a speech on economic hardships might

A)show how it affects every listener's "own back yard"
B)show how it affects every listener today
C)show how it affects every listener's bank account
D)show how it affects everyone physically

Question 12

Which of the following is a valid reason not to establish credibility?

A)Your topic is too important to waste time on credibility.
B)You are a widely known expert in the field.
C)You received a formal introduction.
D)You don't have any credibility on the topic.

Question 13

A speaker using the strategy of timeliness in a speech on the importance of recycling __________________________.

A)show how it affects every listener's "own back yard"
B)show how it affects every listener today
C)shows how it affects every listener's pocketbook
D)shows how it affects everyone physically

Question 14

Overuse of alliteration can hurt a speaker's message.

Question 15

Information that may have a physical, economic, or psychological impact on audience members should be avoided.

Question 16

In order to effectively manage cultural differences, you should ________________________.

A)demonstrate linguistic sensitivity
B)be especially careful when you are not speaking in your primary language
C)avoid marking
D)all of these

Question 17

One way of building an audience's perception of your knowledge and expertise is to _________________________________.

A)share high-quality examples and illustrations
B)make sure you are well dressed and well groomed
C)avoid excessive use of "like" and "you know"
D)emphasize the important of the information to the well-being of the audience

Question 18

Which of the following is not a rhetorical figure or structure of speech listed in the text?

A)Analogy
B)Assonance
C)Articulation
D)Alliteration

Question 19

Oral style refers to ______________________.

A)a person's ability to recount the written word
B)how we convey messages through the spoken word
C)the words one chooses when outlining a speech
D)a person's accent when speaking in a second language

Question 20

Choosing specific language is easier when you have __________________________.

A)a large vocabulary
B)credibility
C)common ground
D)a thesaurus of obscure terms

Question 21

When giving a presentation on the criminal justice system, Steven said, "If the hacks catch a lifer with a shank, they might throw him in the hole for a minute." In this example, Steven is inappropriately using ______________________.

A)vulgar language
B)jargon
C)slang
D)sensory language

Question 22

___________________ is a direct comparison of dissimilar things.

A)Analogy
B)Repetition
C)Simile
D)Metaphor

Question 23

____________________ is combining contrasting ideas in the same sentence.

A)Antithesis
B)Assonance
C)Onomatopoeia
D)Personification

Question 24

________________ is restating words, phrases, or sentences for emphasis.

A)Analogy
B)Repetition
C)Simile
D)Metaphor

Question 25

___________________ is the repetition of vowel sounds in a phrase or phrases.

A)Antithesis
B)Assonance
C)Onomatopoeia
D)Personification

Question 26

Describe a time that you did not speak appropriately, and use concepts from the text to explain how you could have improved your speech. How would you have modified your oral style? What language strategies would you have used? Would you have chosen your language differently or used any rhetorical techniques to better convey your message?

Question 27

Give an example for each of the nine rhetorical figures and structures of speech discussed in the text (simile, metaphor, analogy, alliteration, assonance, onomatopoeia, personification, repetition, and antithesis).

Question 28

________________ is an implied comparison between two unlike things.

A)Analogy
B)Repetition
C)Simile
D)Metaphor

Question 29

_________________ is the use of words that sound like the things they stand for.

A)Antithesis
B)Assonance
C)Onomatopoeia
D)Personification

Question 30

You are presented with an audience whose first language is not English and who come from another cultural background than your own. What are some of the things you can do to adapt your speech to this audience?

Question 31

Pick a topic you are interested in, and write a paragraph about it that uses specific language, vivid language, and sensory language. In a second paragraph, critique your first paragraph, in terms of jargon, slang, details, and examples.