Deck 7: Dbms Functions

Question 1

What type of database update occurs when multiple users make updates to the same database at the same time?

A) batch
B) random
C) sequential
D) concurrent

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Timestamping avoids the need to lock rows in the database and eliminates the processing time needed to apply and release locks and to detect and resolve deadlocks.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Which of the following is descriptive information about the data in a database?

A) backup
B) hyperdata
C) metadata
D) rollback

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In updating and retrieving data, users need to know how data is physically structured on a storage medium.

Question 5

In order to accomplish serial processing of updates, what technique do many DBMSs use?

A) backups
B) locking
C) encryption
D) biometrics

Question 6

You can improve the performance of the recovery program by having it first scan the log and then apply the last after image.

Question 7

You can minimize the occurrence of deadlocks by making sure all programs lock records in random order whenever possible.

Question 8

Authentication refers to techniques for decrypting data when it accessed by authorized users.

Question 9

If the database has been destroyed, you can use a rollback to recover the database to a valid state by undoing problem transactions.

Question 10

Encryption converts the data in a database to a format that is indecipherable to unauthorized users who attempt to bypass the DBMS.

Question 11

When the DBMS locks more rows and releases none of the locks, this is called the contracting phase.

Question 12

The DBMS must successfully complete all transaction steps or none at all for the database to remain in a correct state.

Question 13

DBMSs must manage multiple copies of the same data at multiple locations.

Question 14

In two-phase locking, the second phase is where the DBMS releases all locks and acquires no new locks.

Question 15

When a DBMS uses journaling, the update log is part of the same file in which the database is stored.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the nine functions of a DBMS?

A) catalog services
B) security services
C) automatic table design
D) support data replication

Question 17

A commit is a record of what the data in a row looked like before an update.

Question 18

One guideline for writing programs for concurrent updates in a PC-based DBMS states that if an update transaction must lock more than one row in the same table, the whole table must be locked.

Question 19

Which of the following contains information about table relationships, views, indexes, users, privileges, and replicated data?

A) Biometrics
B) Catalogs
C) Workgroups
D) Journals

Question 20

One of the nine functions of a DBMS is to provide disk management services.

Question 21

What does a DBMS do to break a deadlock?

A) rolls back all transactions involved in the deadlock
B) chooses one deadlocked user to be the victim
C) closes the database and restores from the last backup
D) erases the records involved in the deadlock and reschedules the transactions

Question 22

Which authentication method identifies users by physical characteristics such as fingerprints, voiceprints, handwritten signatures, and facial characteristics?

A) smart cards
B) data dictionaries
C) authorization
D) biometrics

Question 23

____________________ is the prevention of unauthorized access, either intentional or accidental.

Question 24

____________________ involves maintaining a log of all updates in the database.

Question 25

A backward recovery is also called a(n) ____________________.

Question 26

Which process returns the database to a state that is known to be correct?

A) recovery
B) concurrent update
C) encryption
D) batch processing

Question 27

What occurs when two or more users are waiting for the other user to release a lock before their transaction can proceed?

A) commit
B) timestamp
C) deadlock
D) transaction

Question 28

What strategy can programs employ to minimize the occurrence of deadlocks?

A) Only unlock records at the end of the day.
B) Unlock records in the reverse order in which they were locked.
C) Use a random order record-locking strategy.
D) Lock records in the same order.

Question 29

What technique is used to identify the person who is attempting to access the DBMS?

A) encryption
B) authentication
C) authorization
D) viewing

Question 30

Which of the following is an authentication method in which information used to identify a user is stored on a plastic card?

A) biometrics
B) sign-in
C) smart card
D) password

Question 31

In which procedure does the DBMS read the log for the problem transactions and apply the before images to undo their updates?

A) concurrent update
B) backward recovery
C) authentication
D) batch processing

Question 32

Which type of data integrity constraint states that the value entered for any field should be consistent with the data type for that field?

A) data type
B) legal value
C) format
D) secondary

Question 33

What type of rules specify which users have what type of access to which data in the database?

A) encryption
B) authentication
C) authorization
D) privacy

Question 34

A user's ____________________ specify what kind of access the user has to objects in the database.

Question 35

Which of the following is a federal law that sets a national standard to protect an individual's medical records and other personal health information?

A) FCRA
B) HIPAA
C) FERPA
D) IDEA

Question 36

What do key integrity constraints consist of?

A) smart card limitations
B) primary and alternate key constraints
C) primary and foreign key constraints
D) authorization permissions

Question 37

A(n) ____________________ is a set of steps completed by a DBMS to accomplish a single user task.

Question 38

Which property of a DBMS lets you change the database structure without requiring you to change the programs that access the database?

A) field independence
B) data integrity constraints
C) key integrity constraints
D) data independence

Question 39

In Microsoft Access, what do you need to decrypt an encrypted database?

A) 128-bit decryption software
B) a password
C) an administrator account
D) backup software

Question 40

What can be described as a snapshot of certain data in a database at a given moment in time?

A) encryption
B) authentication
C) authorization
D) view

Question 41

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of timestamping.

Question 42

A DBMS provides a number of ____________________ services that assist in the general maintenance of the database.

Question 43

____________________ key constraints are governed by entity integrity and enforce the uniqueness of the primary key.

Question 44

Explain how a DBMS breaks a deadlock.

Question 45

_________________________ allows users at different sites to use and modify copies of a database and then share their changes with the other users.

Question 46

____________________ constraints are rules that the DBMS must be follow in order to update data accurately and consistently.

Question 47

Discuss the four ways in which integrity constraints can be handled.

Question 48

Explain how a database is updated using batch processing.

Question 49

____________________ integrity constraints consist of primary key constraints and foreign key constraints.

Question 50

What is data replication? Describe how replication can lead to more efficient database processing.