Deck 4: Promoting Change and Encouraging Adaptability

Question 1

The Create action imperative is associated with which psychological state that is associated with "lift"?

A)being purpose-centered
B)being internally-directed
C)being externally open
D)being other focused
E)none of these

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The effectiveness criteria associated with the open systems quadrant is

A)profit and productivity
B)commitment and engagement
C)stability and continuity
D)market share and profit margins
E)adaptability, external support, and change

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The action imperative that appears diagonally opposite of the open systems model quadrant in the competing values framework is

A)Compete
B)Control
C)Create
D)Collaborate
E)Conform

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The open systems model is consistent with which theoretical perspective?

A)Bureaucratic theory
B)Administrative theory
C)Scientific management theory
D)Human relations theory
E)Contingency theory

Question 5

Which source of power comes from the proficiency you may have in a special field or knowledge area?

A)Wealth
B)Opportunity
C)Referent
D)Position
E)Expertise

Question 6

Which set of competencies are all associated with the Create action imperative?

A)Negotiating agreement and commitment, implementing and sustaining change, using power ethically and effectively
B)Working productively, fostering a productive work environment, managing time and fostering innovation
C)Developing and communicating a vision, setting goals and objectives, designing and organizing
D)Building and maintaining a power base, negotiating agreement and commitment, managing and coordinating projects
E)Understanding self and others, communicating effectively, developing employees

Question 7

Which of the following is a paradox associated with the competencies in the Create quadrant?

A)People distrust powerful leaders but people also want their leaders to be powerful
B)Resistance to change never lasts very long in organizations
C)People will not resist change if they are given a direct order
D)Creativity requires that people engage in many spontaneous activities
E)The more things change, the more things stay the same

Question 8

Which of the competing values action imperatives is associated with creating "lift" by focusing on how you can achieve extraordinary results?

A)Collaborate
B)Control
C)Compete
D)Create
E)Conform

Question 9

In organizational settings, the term "power" is most often defined as:

A)The ability to persuade people to do what is best for the organization.
B)The capacity to make whatever changes in the reward system required will result in better performance.
C)The capacity to mobilize people and resources to get things done.
D)Having access to more resources than do other people with whom one is in a competitive position.
E)Having enough personal influence to motivate people without resorting to financial incentives.

Question 10

The management model that appears diagonally opposite of the open systems model quadrant in the competing values framework is

A)The rational goal model
B)The internal process model
C)The open systems model
D)The human relations model
E)The Theory X model

Question 11

Political adaptation is important to the Create action imperative because

A)Power is required to maintain control in organizations
B)Receiving political favors can help employees feel more committed
C)Convincing people to try new ideas and make changes often requires political skills
D)All of these
E)None of these, political adaptation is NOT important to the Create action imperative

Question 12

All of the following are core activities in networking except?

A)Sharing information
B)Asking for favors
C)Making introductions, referrals, and references
D)Offering ideas and advice
E)Listening to others

Question 13

What do individuals who manage primarily based on the open systems model tend focus on?

A)establishing rules and procedures that can help ensure consistency and conformity with laws and regulations.
B)maintaining a an emphasis on effort and productivity to ensure that customer demands are met in a timely fashion
C)making sure that work flows smoothly and that activities are carried out according to their relative importance with a minimum amount of friction among individuals, work groups, and work units.
D)coming up with new ideas and testing them for feasibility to ensure that the organization is able to adapt when the external environment changes
E)identifying the needs of employees and ensuring that they are being met

Question 14

Which source of power is a kind of influence also known as social capital?

A)Expertise
B)Wealth
C)Opportunity
D)Relationship
E)Position

Question 15

The Create action imperative is associated with one of the _________ management models.

A)most recent
B)oldest
C)least important
D)most simple
E)least realistic

Question 16

Rather than seeking to __________________________like the internal process model, the open systems model accepts the need for flexibility.

A)adapt the organization to the external environment
B)coddle employees by giving them secure jobs
C)buffer the organization from the external environment
D)push employees to be more and more productive
E)redefine the organizational context

Question 17

With respect to "lifting" your network, the questions you would ask that are associated with the Create action imperative would include:

A)Which of my previous experiences help remind me that I have overcome challenges in the past?
B)How deeply do I understand the needs of these people?
C)What questions should I be asking to help me as I am pursuing my mission?
D)All of these
E)Which of my previous experiences help remind me that I have overcome challenges in the past and what questions should I be asking to help me as I am pursuing my mission, but not how deeply do I understand the needs of these people

Question 18

All of the following are misconceptions about power EXCEPT?

A)Power exists when people are dependent on each other.
B)All managers have power
C)Power is something people in higher positions exercise on upon people in lower positions.
D)Middle managers are powerless
E)All of these are myths about power

Question 19

Which source of power is attached to formal roles and authority in an organization?

A)Position
B)Opportunity
C)Wealth
D)Energy
E)Relationship

Question 20

Which source of power is likely to increase if an individual passes a certification examination?

A)Position
B)Opportunity
C)Wealth
D)Expertise
E)Relationship

Question 21

Which type of set is defined as the assurance you provide the audience that you are an informed and legitimate speaker, and that you know what you are talking about because of your experience, credentials, interest, or special expertise

A)Climate set
B)Credibility set
C)Content set
D)Course set
E)Context set

Question 22

Which of the following is a way to increase your power and influence with respect to your subordinates?

A)Give them credit for their ideas when talking to supervisors.
B)Provide training.
C)Do not be afraid to talk about the ways you depend upon each other.
D)All of these are ways to influence subordinates.
E)None of these are ways to influence subordinates

Question 23

All of the following are modes of increasing your power and ability to influence supervisors EXCEPT?

A)Looking for ways to solve problems that superiors are facing
B)Encouraging superiors to discuss their problems
C)Making certain supervisors know what is expected of them in their role
D)Providing constructive feedback on things supervisors do.
E)Taking initiative

Question 24

The purpose of relational messages is to

A)Introduce people
B)Build trust
C)Provide facts
D)Stimulate change
E)Direct action

Question 25

Why are the "seven C's" of business communication inadequate?

A)They do not take into account the availability of new technologies such as Twitter
B)They fail to address the need to communicate in different ways, depending on the context and purpose of the message.
C)They assume that the communicator has only a single goal related to the message
D)All of these
E)They fail to address the need to communicate in different ways, depending on the context and purpose of the message and they assume that the communicator has only a single goal related to the message, but they take into account the availability of new technologies such as Twitter.

Question 26

Which of the following actions are useful when attempting to increase your power and ability to influence your peers?

A)Create informal problem-solving groups across units.
B)Try to understand their problems and share useful information
C)Hide the fact that you are being self-serving
D)All of these
E)Create informal problem-solving groups across units and try to understand their problems and share useful information, but not hiding the fact that you are being self-serving

Question 27

Which type of set is defined as the roadmap you provide your audience?

A)Climate set
B)Credibility set
C)Content set
D)Course set
E)Context set

Question 28

Which component of the SSSAP framework deals with making information visually and psychologically vivid to the listener or reader?

A)Sequence
B)Presentation
C)Access
D)Support
E)Authority

Question 29

To build trust, messages should be

A)Focused, logical, and organized
B)Interesting, stimulating, and engaging
C)Emphatic, forceful, and powerful
D)Rigorous, precise, and controlled
E)Credible, believable, and plausible

Question 30

Which of the following suggestions would NOT help you gain rapport with your audience?

A)Be in the room first to greet each person
B)Make eye contact
C)Be extra enthusiastic to draw in resistant groups
D)Be positive and supportive
E)All of these should help gain rapport

Question 31

What influence tactic is mostly likely to be effective when a subordinate is attempting to influence her boss?

A)Rational persuasion
B)Legitimate authority
C)Cooptation
D)Pressure
E)Personal appeal

Question 32

Which type of set is defined as the effort you make to establish rapport with the audience and cue them to a mood or style appropriate to the presentation?

A)Climate
B)Credibility
C)Content
D)Course
E)Context

Question 33

In planning a presentation, be prepared to deal with which of the following?

A)Responding to objections
B)Dismissing criticisms
C)Defining things adequately
D)Both A and B
E)Both A and C

Question 34

When a message is insightful, mind-stretching, and visionary, it is more likely to be intended to ________________ than to ___________________

A)build trust; provide facts
B)direct action; stimulate change
C)stimulate change; provide facts
D)provide facts; stimulate change
E)build trust; direct change

Question 35

Directing action is the purpose of

A)Relational messages
B)Transformational messages
C)Transactional messages
D)Promotional messages
E)Informational messages

Question 36

In contrast to R&D style, presentations that use Managerial Style

A)Begin with conclusions
B)Begin with data
C)Omit data
D)Begin with recommendations
E)Omit analyses

Question 37

What does it mean to "spill the beans" in the context of a presentation?

A)Lead with a question
B)Lead with the main point
C)Lead with the support for the main point
D)Use the appropriate sequence
E)Keep the audience in suspense until the end of the presentation

Question 38

Which of the following influence tactics is NOT related to position power?

A)Legitimate authority
B)Cooptation
C)Pressure
D)Bargaining
E)Coalition formation

Question 39

In contrast to promotional messages, informational messages often rely more on _____________ than ______________.

A)facts; hypotheses
B)symbols, statistics
C)stories, symbols
D)statistics; stories
E)information, data

Question 40

The text discusses the SSSAP framework for effective communication. SSSAP encompasses all of the following EXCEPT:

A)Set
B)Authority
C)Sequence
D)Polish
E)Support

Question 41

Which of the following is true about negotiating agreement and commitment?

A)Negotiation is a formal session with two people sitting on opposite sides of a desk
B)Most decisions are made unilaterally
C)Negotiation is the preeminent form of decision making in personal and professional life.
D)Managers do little negotiating
E)Negotiation only occurs when a manager does not have enough power to force another person to agree to the manager's terms

Question 42

The conditions of dialogue include

A)Mutual purpose, mutual expectations, and mutual respect
B)Mutual purpose, mutual meaning, and mutual respect
C)Mutual expectations, mutual meaning, and mutual benefit
D)Mutual benefit, mutual expectations, and mutual goals
E)Mutual goals, mutual objectives, and mutual tactics

Question 43

Which of the following is true about creativity?

A)It is an inborn trait
B)It is a way of thinking that involves eliminating multiple ideas to come up with a single alternative.
C)It is the process of associating known things or ideas into new combinations or relationships.
D)All of these are true about creativity.
E)None of these are true about creativity

Question 44

Which of the following is included in the polish category of effective presentations?

A)Practicing
B)Making sure your appearance is appropriate
C)Having your notes in order
D)All of these are in the polish category
E)Practicing and having your notes in order, but not making sure your appearance is appropriate

Question 45

Which of the following describes creative thinking?

A)It is analytical
B)It results in one or a few answers
C)It often takes advantage of importing ideas from one context to another
D)It can be described as vertical
E)It moves logically to arrive at the correct answer

Question 46

All of the following are guidelines for using visuals in a presentation EXCEPT:

A)Visuals should have a clear headline
B)Visuals should be organized into digestible bites
C)Visuals are primarily for the speaker, not the audience
D)Visuals should not be overloaded with text
E)Visuals should supplement what the speaker is saying, not repeat it

Question 47

Which of the following is a barrier to creative thinking?

A)Putting a negative value on fantasy and reflection as a waste of time or a sign of laziness
B)Believing that only children should play and that adults should be serious
C)Believing that intuition is illogical and impractical
D)All of these are barriers to creative thinking
E)None of these are barriers to creative thinking

Question 48

Which condition of dialogue answers the following questions: Do we share the same definition of terms, words and expressions? Does each party know what the other is actually saying?

A)Mutual purpose
B)Mutual goals
C)Mutual respect
D)Mutual meaning
E)Mutual benefit

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a common individual barrier to creative thinking?

A)Being afraid of looking foolish
B)Having a high tolerance for ambiguity
C)Lacking information
D)Stereotyping things according to common types
E)Being resistant to change

Question 50

Which of the following describes critical thinking?

A)It moves logically to arrive at the correct answer
B)It is imaginative
C)It generates a wide variety of ideas
D)It can be described as lateral
E)It is provocative

Question 51

The first step in the nominal group technique is to

A)Have participants vote on their preferred alternative solution
B)Have participants share their ideas out loud
C)Make sure participants have enough time to write their ideas down
D)Make sure everyone agrees on the problem definition
E)Make sure all ideas are recorded before any voting takes place

Question 52

What is dialogue?

A)A process of working things out through a thoughtful sharing of viewpoints
B)The free flow of meaning in an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect
C)A process working things out when there is a lack of mutual purpose
D)Both a process of working things out through a thoughtful sharing of viewpoints and the free flow of meaning in an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect describe dialogue
E)Both a process of working things out through a thoughtful sharing of viewpoints and a process working things out when there is a lack of mutual purpose describe dialogue

Question 53

How is mutual respect demonstrated?

A)Listening respectfully
B)Speaking candidly
C)Focusing more on solving problems than on placing blame
D)All of these demonstrate mutual respect
E)Listening respectfully and focusing more on solving problems than on placing blame, but not speaking candidly

Question 54

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to brainstorming and nominal group technique?

A)Brainstorming is intended to create constructive conflict as people argue about the merits of different ideas.
B)Nominal group technique encourages people to focus on their own unique definition of the problem.
C)Effective brainstorming depends upon the designation of an active devil's advocate
D)Nominal group technique is a quick way to generate new ideas.
E)Nominal group technique includes a brainstorming phase.

Question 55

Twyla Tharp advises people who want to develop their creative capacities to

A)Avoid the ruts created by routines
B)Deliberately change up our routines by doing the same basic things that we habitually do, but doing them in a different way
C)Make creativity a habit by establishing the routines that foster creative work
D)Find creative people and observe how they solve problems
E)Wait until we are inspired to begin working on a creative project

Question 56

Managers who wish to build creative spaces for people should

A)Enhance their own creative ability
B)Catch mistakes early in the process so they can be corrected quickly
C)Recognize that deep down, everyone is fundamentally the same
D)Enhance their own creative ability and recognize that deep down, everyone is fundamentally the same, but not catch mistakes early in the process so they can be corrected quickly
E)None of these

Question 57

Using analogies can be useful for stimulating creative thinking because

A)Analogies help us think about things in different ways.
B)Analogies are unlikely to cause us to go off on a tangent
C)Analogies encourage us to think about problems in an historical context
D)All of these are reasons analogies can be useful for stimulating creative thinking
E)None of these, analogies are not useful for stimulating creative thinking

Question 58

The major difference between people who exhibit creative tendencies and those who don't is that people who exhibit creative tendencies

A)Have innate creative ability
B)Believe in their own creativity
C)Are motivated to be created
D)Work in creative environments
E)Have creative parents

Question 59

Gene Cattabiani, a vice president of the Steam Turbine Division of Westinghouse, spoke at a town meeting with employees to explain the need for change. Employees heckled him, shouted abuse, and made threats. After the presentation, Gene talked to people on the plant floor about their comments and explained his side of the issue. This experience served as a basis for which of the following conditions for dialogue?

A)Mutual purpose
B)Mutual goals
C)Mutual respect
D)Mutual meaning
E)Mutual benefit

Question 60

The effectiveness of your communication can be improved if you:

A)Find a role model and copy their communication style
B)Try to tailor your communications for different audiences
C)Find your own authentic voice and use it to establish a connection with your audience
D)Find a role model and copy their communication style and try to tailor your communications for different audiences, but do not find your own authentic voice and use it to establish a connection with your audience
E)Try to tailor your communications for different audiences and find your own authentic voice and use it to establish a connection with your audience, but do not find a role model and copy their communication style

Question 61

In contrast to transformational change, transactional change

A)Combines the hopes and talents of people with a focus on a common goal
B)Encourages people to strive to achieve challenging goals based upon their commitment to a common set of values
C)Is rooted in an exchange relationship and thus is likely to be long-lived
D)Engages followers by tapping into their aspirations and goals for a common enterprise
E)Encourages surface-level changes that are likely to be short lived

Question 62

In a force field analysis, when is the desired change most likely to occur?

A)When resisting forces are stronger than driving forces
B)When forces for change are stronger than resisting forces
C)When the driving forces are equal to the resisting forces
D)Change will occur in all of these situations
E)Change will not occur in any of these situations

Question 63

Which of the following changes would be likely to encounter employee resistance?

A)Changes that involve disruption of social relationships
B)Changes suggested by others
C)Changes that could lead to making mistakes in an organization that does not value risk-taking
D)All of these changes would be likely to resisted by employees
E)Changes suggested by others and changes that could lead to making mistakes in an organization that does not value risk-taking, but not changes that involve disruption of social relationships

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT true about resistance to change?

A)Employee will resist changes that result in a demotion or loss of employment.
B)Employees will resist changes that make their skills seem unnecessary or outdated.
C)When only social relationships are involved, people will not resist change.
D)Employees will sometimes resist an idea just because it came from someone else.
E)Employees will resist changes that they do not understand.

Question 65

According to Bradford and Cohen (1984), change is

A)A naturally energizing process
B)A naturally draining process
C)A logical-rational process
D)A social-emotional process
E)A process of manipulation and coercion

Question 66

As proposed by Kurt Lewin, the force field analysis model

A)Can be used to help managers understand whether a change is needed
B)Can be used to help managers understand whether a change is likely to be successful
C)Can be used to help managers determine whether a change will be resisted
D)All of these
E)Can be used to help managers understand whether a change is needed and whether a change will be resisted, but not whether a change is likely to be successful

Question 67

When negotiating, the strategy of "dovetailing" refers to

A)Collaborating to find how the needs of both parties can be met
B)Excluding as many issues as possible from the negotiation to simplify the discussions
C)Offering the other party something small that they have an interest in obtaining in exchange for something larger that you want to obtain
D)Offering to accommodate the other party so that a peaceful relationship can be maintained
E)Including excessively large demands in your first position statement so that you can later appear to be giving up something, even though you never really expected to get it

Question 68

In a force field analysis, which of the following actions will be LEAST effective in creating change?

A)Increasing the strength of driving forces
B)Removing some of the resisting forces
C)Determining whether any of the resisting forces can be changed into driving forces
D)Reducing the strength of some of the resisting forces
E)All of these will be equally effective in creating change

Question 69

Which of the following is an organizational barrier to change?

A)Resource limitations
B)Existing routines
C)Existing structure
D)All of these are organizational barriers to change
E)Resource limitations and existing structure, but not existing routines

Question 70

Which approach to change is described as using forms of leverage such as the threat of being fired or ostracized?

A)Telling
B)Transforming
C)Forcing
D)Participating
E)Selling

Question 71

Which approach to change is described as making logical arguments for change?

A)Telling
B)Transforming
C)Forcing
D)Participating
E)Compromising

Question 72

What is the transformational approach to change?

A)Telling others to change
B)Using leverage to get others to change
C)Engaging others in conceptualizing change
D)Modeling change for others
E)Asking others to change

Question 73

One of the disadvantages of a strong organizational culture is that

A)Strong organizational cultures may inhibit necessary organizational change
B)Strong organizational cultures cannot survive in stable environments
C)Strong organizational cultures are limited by the lifespan of the charismatic leaders who established them
D)Strong organizational cultures inhibit innovation
E)All of these are disadvantages of strong organizational cultures

Question 74

With respect to planned change, it is important for managers to keep in mind that

A)People who resist planned change are simply unwilling to leave their comfort zones
B)The more quickly the planned change is implemented, the more effective the change will be
C)Planned changes are necessary and should not be resisted
D)Some planned changes may not benefit the organization
E)Planned changes that are implemented more slowly are more likely to face resistance

Question 75

Which of the following is one of the four principles for Getting to Yes?

A)Focus on the people, not the problem
B)Focus on positions, not interests
C)Generate a variety of possibilities before deciding what to do
D)Insist that the result be based on subjective measure
E)Set a deadline for coming to an agreement

Question 76

Managers who wish to lead change in their organizations need to

A)Focus on developing the capacity of the people involved to perform at their best
B)Take responsibility and ownership for achieving the envisioned change
C)Communicate their vision for the future
D)All of these
E)Focus on developing the capacity of the people involved to perform at their best and Communicate their vision for the future, but not take responsibility and ownership for achieving the envisioned change

Question 77

Achieving a win-win solution in a negotiation often requires that a manager

A)Win by taking a firm position and refusing to give in
B)Keep her interests secret to avoid giving away too much
C)Be good at bluffing to prevent losing control of the negotiation
D)Use ingratiation to put the other party in a positive mood
E)Find ways to make expand the issues being negotiated

Question 78

Which of the following best describes a truth about the forces for or the forces against desired change?

A)Pressures for change are internal to the organization
B)Pressures for change are external to the organization
C)People in a dysfunctional state will generally feel some motivation to change because they want to heal or get better
D)Constant, sustained effort is required to achieve the changes that lead to excellence
E)All these are true

Question 79

The use of force field analysis is especially appropriate for the open systems quadrant of the competing values framework because the open systems model

A)Assumes that all organizational changes should be the result of changes in the external environment
B)Assumes that when the external environment changes the internal environment should also change
C)Assumes that when the external environment changes, it is critical to maintain stability inside the organization
D)Assumes that all organizational changes should be the result of internal initiatives focused on efficiency
E)Assumes that when the external environment changes, the organization needs to ensure that its strategies are still aligned with the current environment