Deck 14: Education and Counseling: Behavioral Change

Question 1

One of the five tenets of cultural competency is

A)you must know a culture's communication style to be an effective counselor.
B)cultural competency eliminates racism.
C)culture is defined as race, religion, and ethnicity.
D)culture is mutable and multiple.

Answer 1

D
Knowing about a culture does not eliminate racism, and part of cultural competency is to avoid any stereotyping, including how a specific culture wants to communicate.Culture is mutable and multiple, and any understanding of particular cultural context is always incompletely true, always partial, and always somewhat out of date.

Question 2

Resistance to change can be overcome by all the following techniques EXCEPT

A)affirming.
B)double-sided reflection.
C)agreeing with a twist.
D)reflecting.

Answer 2

A
Techniques used for addressing resistance to change include reflecting, double-sided reflection, shifting focus, agreeing with a twist, emphasizing personal choice, and reframing.Affirming is a technique used when counseling clients not ready to change.Affirmation involves acknowledgment that the counselor understands what the client is doing or thinking is normal.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a stage of change?

A)Precontemplation
B)Motivation
C)Relapse
D)Action

Answer 3

B
The transtheoretical model, or stages of change, includes the stages of precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and relapse.Motivation may be applied as a technique of interviewing to achieve a willingness to change in the client.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT an activity that facilitates behavior change?

A)Self-efficacy
B)Empathy
C)Reframing
D)Discrepancy

Question 5

When counseling a client who speaks a different language, the most effective way to communicate is to

A)use a family member or close friend who speaks the language and can translate.
B)use a visual aid that has been developed using international symbols.
C)find a counselor who speaks the same language and can do the counseling.
D)use a certified translator.

Question 6

What counseling activity is based on the idea that thoughts and beliefs that affect behavior can be changed to promote behavior change?

A)Cognitive behavioral therapy
B)Transtheoretical model
C)Reflective listening
D)Shifting focus

Question 7

What does double-sided reflection involve doing?

A)Monitoring a counseling session from behind a two-way mirror
B)Using the client's previously expressed ideas to show a discrepancy
C)Asking questions multiple times
D)Reframing

Question 8

Traditional nutritional counseling focuses on change matched to

A)action and relapse.
B)empathy.
C)precontemplation and preparation.
D)action and maintenance.

Question 9

Educating and counseling with cultural competency should acknowledge surface and deep structure.Surface structure includes things like

A)the client's appearance.
B)language and foods.
C)social beliefs.
D)health diagnoses.

Question 10

The most important thing to establish in the first counseling session is

A)the counseling relationship.
B)likes and dislikes in the counseling environment.
C)fees for service.
D)reimbursement potential by insurance providers.

Question 11

Which technique is NOT useful in working with clients during a not-ready-to-change counseling session?

A)Asking open-ended questions
B)Affirming
C)Agreeing with a twist
D)Summarizing

Question 12

Assessment of a patient's stage of change should be completed

A)when the patient is referred for counseling.
B)at the beginning of the first counseling session.
C)by the end of the first counseling session.
D)before the second counseling session.

Question 13

Which stage of change is characterized by the patient's feelings of ambivalence?

A)Precontemplation
B)Contemplation
C)Preparation
D)Maintenance

Question 14

If a counseling session ends with the client not ready to change, which of the following should the counselor do?

A)Establish goals for the client.
B)Arrange for follow-up contact.
C)Persuade the client to perform some change.
D)Express disappointment with the client.

Question 15

When a counselor elicits self-motivational statements, this includes all of the following EXCEPT

A)optimism.
B)problem recognition.
C)reframing.
D)intention to change.

Question 16

A client is aware that a dietary behavior problem exists but is not sure whether to do something about it.What stage of change is this client in?

A)Precontemplation
B)Contemplation
C)Preparation
D)Relapse

Question 17

Which of the following techniques is appropriate for use with a patient ready to change behavior?

A)Elicit self-motivational statements.
B)Negotiate change.
C)Establish an action plan.
D)Develop discrepancy.

Question 18

Which of the following is a client's belief in his ability to carry out change?

A)Self-efficacy
B)Self-management
C)Self-monitoring
D)Self-reflection

Question 19

During which type of counseling session is one of the goals to identify barriers to change?

A)Not-ready-to-change session
B)Unsure-about-change session
C)Ready-to-change session
D)First counseling session

Question 20

Which tool can be used to assess a client's readiness to change?

A)An adherence ruler
B)A food diary
C)A weight scale
D)Food models