Deck 11: object-Oriented Analysis and Design

Question 1

Improved communication among users, analysts, designers, and programmers is a benefit of the object-oriented modeling approach.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

State diagrams represent dynamic models of interactions between objects.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

A use case is used to represent an individual action that is part of an overall function.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a notation that allows the modeler to specify, visualize, and construct the artifacts of software systems, as well as business models.

Question 5

Component and deployment diagrams are generated during the requirements analysis phase.

Question 6

During the implementation phase of the object-oriented systems development life cycle, the application-oriented analysis model is adapted and refined to suit a target implementation environment.

Question 7

Class diagrams represent the functional requirements or the "what" of the system.

Question 8

On a use-case diagram, an extends relationship extends a use case by capturing additional actions or behaviors that need to be performed.

Question 9

A use case participates in relationships with actors, not other use cases.

Question 10

Structure charts, logic models, and data models are the major deliverables associated with the object-oriented modeling approach.

Question 11

Sequence diagrams represent dynamic models of how objects change their states in response to events.

Question 12

An actor always initiates a use case.

Question 13

An object is an entity that has a well-defined role in the application domain, and has state, behavior, and identity.

Question 14

On a use-case diagram, an actor is shown using a stickman symbol with its name below.

Question 15

On a use-case diagram, a linking relationship arises when one use case references another use case.

Question 16

The object-oriented systems development life cycle progressively develops a representation of an object through the phases of analysis, design, and implementation.

Question 17

A use case is a complete sequence of related actions initiated by an actor; it represents a specific way to use the system.

Question 18

The use-case model is developed during the requirements analysis phase.

Question 19

Referencing use-case modeling, a source is an external entity that interacts with the system.

Question 20

Use cases show the static structure of data and the operations that act on data.

Question 21

When classes are generalized, the classes that are generalized are called subclasses.

Question 22

Abstracting common features among multiple classes, as well as the relationships they participate in, is called generalization.

Question 23

In a class diagram, a multiplicity specification of 0..1 indicates optional one.

Question 24

Participation level is an indication of how many objects participate in a given relationship.

Question 25

A component diagram is a graph of instances that are compatible with a given class diagram.

Question 26

An object diagram is a diagram that shows the static structure of an object-oriented model: the object classes, their internal structure, and the relationships in which they participate.

Question 27

An association is a relationship between object classes.

Question 28

In UML, a class is represented by a rounded rectangle with two compartments separated by horizontal lines.

Question 29

On a class diagram, placing a discriminator next to the generalization path specifies the basis of a generalization.

Question 30

On a class diagram, an exclamation point represents a multiplicity with an infinite upper bound.

Question 31

A subclass inherits all the features from its superclass.

Question 32

On a class diagram, a solid triangle next to an association name shows the direction in which the association is read.

Question 33

An object class is a set of objects that share a common structure and a common behavior.

Question 34

Operations provide an external interface to a class.

Question 35

On a class diagram, a multiplicity of a single 1 implies optional one.

Question 36

Hiding the internal implementation details of an object from its external view is called incorporation.

Question 37

On a class diagram, a ternary relationship is represented by a rounded rectangle.

Question 38

When classes are generalized, the classes that are generalized are called superclasses.

Question 39

A static object diagram is an instance of a class diagram.

Question 40

On a class diagram, an association between object classes is signified by a double-ended arrow that connects the two object classes.

Question 41

On a class diagram, the overlapping semantic constraint means that no instance can be an instance of more than one subclass at a time.

Question 42

A notation that allows the modeler to specify, visualize, and construct the artifacts of software systems, as well as business models, best defines:

A) Unified Modeling Language.
B) Structured English.
C) pseudocode.
D) logic modeling.
E) structured design.

Question 43

On a state diagram, an event is something that takes place at a certain point in time.

Question 44

On a state diagram, a guard condition is shown in square brackets.

Question 45

Which of the following represent dynamic models of how objects change their states in response to events?

A) Use cases
B) Class diagrams
C) State diagrams
D) Sequence diagrams
E) Component diagrams

Question 46

A sequence diagram depicts the interactions among objects during a certain period of time.

Question 47

Which of the following is a true statement?

A) The UML notation is useful for graphically depicting object-oriented analysis and design models.
B) The UML notation allows you to specify the requirements of a system and capture design decisions.
C) The UML notation promotes communication among key persons involved in the development effort.
D) The UML notation allows the modeler to specify, visualize, and construct the artifacts of software systems, as well as business models.
E) All of the above are true statements.

Question 48

On a state diagram, a state is considered to be instantaneous.

Question 49

Modeling deliverables from project activities using object-oriented modeling include:

A) structure charts and data flow diagrams.
B) dialogue diagrams and object reference charts.
C) decision tables and object status diagrams.
D) data-flow and entity-relationship diagrams and repository descriptions.
E) dialogue diagrams, Structured English representations, and structure charts.

Question 50

A concrete class is a class that has no direct instances, but whose descendants may have direct instances.

Question 51

A diagram that shows software components and their dependencies is called a component diagram.

Question 52

Which of the following represent dynamic models of interactions between objects?

A) Use cases
B) Class diagrams
C) State diagrams
D) Sequence diagrams
E) Component diagrams

Question 53

Inheritance is one of the major advantages of using the object-oriented model.

Question 54

Benefits of the object-oriented modeling approach include:

A) the ability to tackle more challenging problem domains.
B) improved communication among users, analysts, designers, and programmers.
C) reusability of analysis, design, and programming results.
D) increased consistency among the models developed during object-oriented analysis, design, and programming.
E) all of the above.

Question 55

The object-oriented development life cycle consists of:

A) analysis, design, and implementation phases.
B) identification, planning, design, and implementation phases.
C) selection, analysis, design, and implementation phases.
D) identification, design, and implementation phases.
E) design and implementation phases.

Question 56

An aggregation expresses a part-of relationship between a component object and an aggregate object.

Question 57

In which object-oriented systems development life cycle phase are the application-oriented analysis models adapted and refined to suit the target implementation environment?

A) Analysis
B) Design
C) Implementation
D) Selection
E) Planning

Question 58

On a class diagram, the complete semantic constraint means that every instance must be an instance of some subclass.

Question 59

An event occurs when a person purchases a car.

Question 60

In which object-oriented systems development life cycle phase is the design implemented using a programming language and/or database management system?

A) Analysis
B) Design
C) Implementation
D) Selection
E) Planning

Question 61

An object:

A) can be a tangible entity.
B) can be a concept or event.
C) can be an artifact of the design process.
D) can be all of the above.
E) is none of the above.

Question 62

Which of the following show the static structure of data and the operations that act on the data?

A) Use cases
B) Class diagrams
C) State diagrams
D) Sequence diagrams
E) Component diagrams

Question 63

On a use-case diagram, the type of relationship that arises when one use case references another use case is called a(n):

A) extends relationship.
B) working relationship.
C) include relationship.
D) definitive relationship.
E) recursive relationship.

Question 64

In UML, an object class is represented by:

A) a rectangle with three compartments separated by horizontal lines.
B) a circle in which the activity name is recorded.
C) a double-lined ellipse in which the activity name is recorded.
D) a diamond in which the activity name is recorded.
E) a set of brackets in which the event name is recorded.

Question 65

On a use-case diagram, an actor can represent:

A) a hardware device.
B) another system.
C) a human.
D) an organization.
E) all of the above.

Question 66

A manner that represents how an object acts and reacts best describes:

A) event.
B) property.
C) attribute.
D) state.
E) behavior.

Question 67

A set of objects that share a common structure and a common behavior best defines:

A) entity.
B) object class.
C) object collection.
D) multiplicity.
E) encapsulation.

Question 68

Which of the following represents how an object acts and reacts?

A) Behavior
B) Class
C) State
D) Encapsulation
E) Environment

Question 69

Which of the following encompasses an object's properties and the values those properties have?

A) Behavior
B) Class
C) State
D) Encapsulation
E) Incorporation

Question 70

A function or a service that is provided by all the instances of a class best defines:

A) encapsulation.
B) task set.
C) operation.
D) multiplicity.
E) response.

Question 71

On a use-case diagram, use cases are shown as:

A) squares with their names written inside.
B) rounded rectangles with their names written inside.
C) stickmen symbols with their names written below the symbol.
D) ellipses with their names inside.
E) circles with their names written inside.

Question 72

Generally speaking, a use-case model is developed during the:

A) analysis phase.
B) logical design phase.
C) implementation phase.
D) selection phase.
E) production phase.

Question 73

A diagram that depicts the use cases and actors for a system is called a:

A) deployment diagram.
B) component diagram.
C) sequence diagram.
D) state transition diagram.
E) use-case diagram.

Question 74

A graph of instances that are compatible with a given class diagram is a(n):

A) object diagram.
B) sequence diagram.
C) use-case diagram.
D) collaboration diagram.
E) component diagram.

Question 75

Which of the following is NOT a true statement?

A) An object's behavior depends on its state and the operation being performed.
B) An object's state is determined by its attribute values and links to other objects.
C) An operation is simply an action that one object performs upon another in order to get a response.
D) An object's state and behavior are packaged separately.
E) An object has a state and exhibits behavior, through operations that can examine or affect its state.

Question 76

A type of use-case relationship that adds new behaviors or actions is a(n):

A) generalized relationship.
B) extends relationship.
C) recursive relationship.
D) abstract relationship.
E) complex relationship.

Question 77

A complete sequence of related actions initiated by an actor best describes:

A) class.
B) sequence diagram.
C) use case.
D) object.
E) aggregation.

Question 78

An entity that has a well-defined role in the application domain and has state, behavior, and identity defines:

A) object.
B) attribute.
C) actor.
D) class.
E) component.

Question 79

Showing the static structure of an object-oriented model: the object classes, their internal structure, and the relationships in which they participate is the purpose of a:

A) class diagram.
B) sequence diagram.
C) use-case diagram.
D) collaboration diagram.
E) component diagram.

Question 80

Referencing use-case modeling, an external entity that interacts with the system best defines:

A) player.
B) actor.
C) source.
D) target.
E) event.