Deck 5: It Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

Question 1

Once a firm decides to work with an enterprise vendor,switching can be difficult and costly,though not impossible.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Cookie servers are ultra-thin computers consisting of a circuit board with processors,memory,and network connections that are stored in racks.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Cloud computing are Web-based applications that are stored on remote servers and accessed via the "cloud" of the Internet using a standard Web browser.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)is a suite of communications protocols and a common addressing scheme that enables millions of computers to connect together in one giant global network (the Internet).

Question 5

A virtual server uses the hardware of one physical computer to provide the appearance,services,and capabilities of multiple servers,each of which appear to be running their own operating system and providing a unique operating environment.

Question 6

Unix and Linux are non-scalable,unreliable,and much more expensive than mainframe operating systems.

Question 7

The "service platform" perspective makes it easier to understand the business value provided by infrastructure investments.

Question 8

IBM mainframes offered powerful machines at far lower prices than DEC minicomputers,making possible decentralized computing,customized to the specific needs of individual departments.

Question 9

The cost of storing digital information is falling at an exponential rate of 100 percent a year.

Question 10

The minicomputer era was a period of highly centralized computing under the control of professional programmers and systems operators.

Question 11

Grid computing involves connecting geographically remote computers into a single network to create a virtual supercomputer by combining the computational power of all computers on the grid.

Question 12

Network technologies uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technologies permit.

Question 13

Packing more transistors into a tiny microprocessor has exponentially increased processing power.

Question 14

Organizations using cloud computing generally do not own the infrastructure,they do not have to make large investments in their own hardware and software.

Question 15

IT infrastructure technology is purely a set of physical devices and software applications that are required to operate the entire enterprise.

Question 16

Moore's Law and the law of mass storage help us understand why computing resources are now so readily available.

Question 17

In client/server computing,desktop or laptop computers called servers are networked to powerful clients computers that provide the client computers with a variety of services and capabilities.

Question 18

Implementing new infrastructure requires significant changes in business processes and procedures,training and education,and software integration.

Question 19

One technology driver transforming IT infrastructure is the rapid decline in the costs of communication and the exponential growth in the size of the Internet.

Question 20

Moore's law is the assertion that the number of components on a chip doubles each year.

Question 21

In two-tiered client/server architecture,the processing is split between two types of servers.

Question 22

SANs create large central pools of storage that can be rapidly accessed and shared by multiple servers.

Question 23

Java software is designed to run on any computer or computing device,regardless of the specific microprocessor or operating system it uses.

Question 24

Enterprise integration requires software that can link disparate applications and enable data to flow freely among different parts of the business.

Question 25

Application server software is responsible for locating and managing stored Web pages.

Question 26

Hypertext markup language specifies how text,graphics,video,and sound are placed on a Web page document.

Question 27

The operating system is used to manage the computer's activities.

Question 28

Client/server computing is a widely used form of centralized processing.

Question 29

The collection of Web services that are used to build a firm's software systems constitutes what is known as a service-oriented architecture.

Question 30

Autonomic computing is implemented primarily with enterprise or ISP servers.

Question 31

Whereas XML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of Web pages,HTML can perform presentation,communication,and data storage tasks.

Question 32

SaaS (Software as a Service)are services for delivering and providing access to software remotely as a Web-based service.

Question 33

A long-standing issue among information system managers and CEOs has been the question of who will control and manage the firm's IT infrastructure.

Question 34

An application server may reside on the same computer as a Web server or on its own dedicated computer.

Question 35

Like an ASP,a Web-hosting service provides shared applications to subscribed users,but does this through a Web portal.

Question 36

Open source software is software produced by a community of several hundred thousand programmers around the world.

Question 37

The mainframe market has grown steadily over the past decade.

Question 38

If too much is spent on infrastructure,it lies idle and constitutes a drag on firm financial performance.

Question 39

N-tier computing is a multi-tier,load-balancing scheme for Web-based applications in which significant parts of Web site content,logic,and processing are performed by smaller,less expensive servers located nearby the user.

Question 40

Web services can exchange information between two different systems regardless of the operating system or programming languages on which the systems are based.

Question 41

Barb is the librarian for her university.Barb is finding that more and more of the library material is in digital form and the amount of it is just exploding.She determines that the library needs to keep current with this pace so she is looking to purchase more secondary storage.This is an illustration of ________.

A)Clark's Law
B)the Law of Mass Digital Storage
C)network economics
D)Moore's Law

Question 42

John is the IT manager at his service firm.He has seen IT purchases go up dramatically over the last two years.John would like to see his firm obtain computing power and software over the Internet.What he wants is a form of ________.

A)private computing
B)public computing
C)grid computing
D)cloud computing

Question 43

Virtualization is a highly effective tool for cost-effective green computing,because it reduces the number of servers and storage resources in the firm's IT infrastructure.

Question 44

Which type of infrastructure services provides voice and video connectivity to employees,customers,and suppliers?

A)networking
B)telephone
C)VOIP
D)telecommunications

Question 45

Larry is the IT manager at his retail firm.He has seen IT purchases go up dramatically over the last two years.John would like to see his firm obtain additional computing power by applying the resources of many computers in a network to a single marketing problem.What he wants is a form of ________.

A)private computing
B)public computing
C)grid computing
D)cloud computing

Question 46

Some organizations spend more money to keep their data centres cool than they spend to lease the property itself.

Question 47

IT research and development services provide the firm with research on potential future IT projects and investments that might help the firm differentiate itself in the marketplace.

Question 48

TCO refers to the original cost of purchased technology: both hardware and software.

Question 49

Single-touch interfaces are potentially more versatile than multi-touch interfaces.

Question 50

PCs typically stay on more than twice the amount of time they are actually being used each day.

Question 51

Data hungry tasks such as video on demand,downloading music,exchanging photos,and maintaining Web sites require more and more power-hungry machines.

Question 52

The iPhone's multi-touch display and software lets you control everything with only your fingers.

Question 53

Scalability refers to the ability of a computer,product,or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down.

Question 54

The university purchased a mainframe some years ago when it was part of the mainframe era.Today,mainframes ________.

A)are obsolete
B)are the size of netbooks
C)are a declining market
D)are a growing market

Question 55

Mary is the purchasing agent for her university.She purchased state-of-the-art computers two years ago for the entire university.Mary is looking to purchase computers next year to replace the existing computers.She is astonished that she now can get twice the computing power on each computer for the same price she bought the old slower computers for just 19 months ago.This is an illustration of ________.

A)Clark's Law
B)the Law of Mass Digital Storage
C)network economics
D)Moore's Law

Question 56

It is always necessary to purchase new technologies to achieve "green" goals.

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT an IT infrastructure service component?

A)operating system software
B)computing platforms to provide a coherent digital environment
C)physical facility management to manage the facilities housing physical components
D)IT management services to plan and develop the infrastructure and provide project management

Question 58

Outsourcing means contracting with others to perform some operations that could not be done in-house by the company itself.

Question 59

Today most business firms have discontinued operating their legacy systems,replacing these with inexpensive Web services and hosted software.

Question 60

Digital management services store and manage corporate data and provide capabilities for analyzing the data.

Question 61

Which of the following factors provides an understanding of why computing resources today are ever more available than in previous decades?

A)network economics
B)law of mass digital storage and Moore's law
C)declining communications costs,universal standards,and the Internet
D)all of the above

Question 62

________ unleash powerful economies of scale and result in declines in manufactured computer products.

A)Internet and Web technologies
B)Technology standards
C)Linux and open-source software
D)Client/server technologies

Question 63

In a multi-tiered network:

A)the work of the entire network is centralized.
B)the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.
C)processing is split between clients and servers.
D)processing is handled by multiple,geographically remote clients.

Question 64

Software that manages the resources of the computer is called

A)operating system software.
B)application software.
C)data management software.
D)network software.

Question 65

Paul's Paints needs software for their new enterprise system that will manage all their inventory and purchases.They have a firm in India creating the software.They have found that India can develop it faster and less expensive than Paul"s IT people can do it.Paul's Paints needs a ________ to manage this process.

A)software package
B)Software as a Service (SaaS)
C)software outsourcing
D)service-level agreement (SLA)

Question 66

The multitasking,multi-user,operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that operates on a wide variety of computing platforms is

A)Unix.
B)Linux.
C)OS X.
D)COBOL.

Question 67

The introduction of the minicomputer:

A)allowed computers to be customized to the specific needs of departments or business units.
B)enabled decentralized computing.
C)offered new,powerful machines at lower prices than mainframes.
D)all of the above.

Question 68

The network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers is

A)TCP/IP.
B)COBOL.
C)the ethernet.
D)ASCII.

Question 69

Salesforce.com is a good example of a firm using a ________.

A)software package
B)Software as a Service (SaaS)
C)software outsourcing
D)service-level agreement (SLA)

Question 70

A SAN is a ________ network.

A)server area
B)storage area
C)scalable architecture
D)service-oriented architecture

Question 71

The leading networking hardware providers include

A)Dell,HP/Compaq,and IBM.
B)Cisco,Lucent,and Nortel.
C)Seagate,Maxtor,and Western Digital.
D)IBM,Oracle,and Sun.

Question 72

Today's nanotechnology-produced computer transistors are roughly equivalent in size to:

A)the width of a fingernail.
B)a human hair.
C)a virus.
D)an atom.

Question 73

Jean's Jewellery has installed an information system to grade their diamonds and give an appraised value to each diamond.They purchased this software from a software distributor.This is an example of purchasing a ________.

A)software package
B)Software as a Service (SaaS)
C)software outsourcing
D)service-level agreement (SLA)

Question 74

A ________ is an integrated circuit to which two or more processors have been attached for enhanced performance,reduced power consumption,and more efficient simultaneous processing of multiple tasks.

A)multiplier processor
B)divider processor
C)multicore processor
D)manycore processor

Question 75

Cam's Cooling Inc.has found a great market for their services.They are installing cooling systems in firms who are using many network servers.These many servers are hard to keep cool and they use an enormous amount of electricity.Firms are trying to find ways to reduce the cost of electricity and the heat that having many servers creates.One good solution to the problem that lets firms maintain the same level of productivity is ________.

A)turn off the servers
B)creating mashups
C)virtualization
D)job sharing

Question 76

Interpretations of Moore's law assert that:

A)computing power doubles every 18 months.
B)transistors decrease in size 50 percent every two years.
C)data storage costs decrease by 50 percent every 18 months.
D)none of the above.

Question 77

A client computer networked to a server computer,with processing split between the two types of machines,is called a(n):

A)service-oriented architecture.
B)on-demand architecture.
C)multi-tiered client/server architecture.
D)two-tiered client/server architecture.

Question 78

Place the following eras of IT infrastructure evolution in order,from earliest to most recent: (1)Cloud Computing Era (2)Client/Server,(3)Enterprise Era,(4)Personal Computer,and (5)Mainframe and Minicomputer.

A)4,5,3,2,1
B)5,4,2,3,1
C)4,5,2,3,1
D)5,4,2,1,3

Question 79

Implementing new infrastructure requires significant ________ in business processes and procedures,training and education,and software integration.

A)value chain
B)reductions
C)changes
D)time

Question 80

Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network are called

A)network standards.
B)telecommunications standards.
C)technology standards.
D)Internet standards.