Deck 13: Building Information Systems

Question 1

The most common form of IT-enabled organizational change is business process redesign.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

________ provide(s) a methodology and tools for dealing with the organization's ongoing need to revise and optimize its numerous business processes.

A) Business process redesign
B) Business process management
C) CASE tools
D) TQM
E) Systems analysis and design

Answer 2

B

Question 3

What is the business importance of managing the quality of business processes?
Describe two methods of quality management.

Answer 3

Quality management is one area of continuous process improvement. Quality improvements in business processes can increase efficiency, reduce waste, lower costs, and can raise the level of product and service quality. Two methods for achieving greater quality are Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma. In TQM, quality is the responsibility of all people and functions within an organization. Everyone is expected to contribute to the overall improvement of quality. Six sigma is a specific measure of quality, representing 3.4 defects per million opportunities. Most companies cannot achieve this level of quality but use six sigma as a goal to implement a set of methodologies and techniques for improving quality and reducing costs.

Question 4

In order, what are the first three steps in BPM?

A) 1. identifying processes for change, 2. analyzing existing processes, 3. designing the new process.
B) 1. analyzing existing processes, 2. identifying processes for change, 3. designing the new process.
C) 1. identifying processes for change, 2. designing the new process, 3. implementing the new process.
D) 1. analyzing processes to change, 2. designing the new process, 3. measuring the optimized process.
E) 1. designing new processes, 2. analyzing existing processes, 3. identifying processes for change.

Question 5

Describe each type of organizational change enabled by information technology. Give an example of each type of change, as it might be illustrated through the operations of a hotel.

Question 6

Which conversion process introduces the system first to a limited portion of the organization?

A) the pilot study strategy
B) the phased approach strategy
C) the limited cutover strategy
D) the parallel strategy
E) the parallel approach strategy

Question 7

Business processes are analyzed, simplified, and redesigned in

A) business process redesign.
B) rationalization of procedures.
C) automation.
D) paradigm shifts.
E) systems analysis and design.

Question 8

A(n) ________ is an organizational change that involves rethinking the nature of the business and the nature of the organization itself.

A) automation program
B) rationalization program
C) systems analysis and design
D) paradigm shift
E) business process redesign program

Question 9

Which of the following is not a tool provided by Business Process Management software?

A) tools that help businesses identify and document processes requiring improvement
B) create models of improved processes
C) capture and enforce business rules for performing processes
D) capture and identify information system requirements for a new system
E) integrate existing systems to support new or redesigned processes

Question 10

Organizations will adjust to new information systems without any special efforts if the system is a good system to begin with.

Question 11

What is the greatest barrier to successful business process change?

A) ineffective project management
B) usability of implemented solution
C) selecting the correct process to change
D) organizational change
E) poor choice of technology

Question 12

An upscale organic foods grocery chain is implementing an information system that will enable it to add same-day home delivery of groceries to its customers. This is an example of

A) automation.
B) rationalization of procedures.
C) paradigm shift.
D) business process redesign.
E) organizational change.

Question 13

The idea that the achievement of quality control is an end in itself describes a main concept of

A) BPM.
B) BPR.
C) six sigma.
D) TQM.
E) systems analysis and design.

Question 14

Rationalization of procedures describes a radical rethinking of the business models.

Question 15

In automation

A) business processes are simplified.
B) business processes are reorganized to cut waste and eliminate repetitive, paper-intensive tasks.
C) standard operating procedures are streamlined to remove bottlenecks.
D) employees are enabled to perform their tasks more efficiently.
E) business processes are eliminated.

Question 16

A bank has reworked its mortgage application process so that several steps are handled by computer software, and some steps are combined to reduce bottlenecks in processing. The goal is to gradually improve its efficiency over time. This is an example of

A) automation.
B) rationalization of procedures.
C) paradigm shift.
D) business process redesign.
E) organizational change.

Question 17

TQM describes the measurement of quality as 3.4 defects per million.

Question 18

End user development

A) allows end users to create complex information systems.
B) increases the time and steps required to produce a finished application when compared to professional development.
C) allows ends users to easily access data, create reports, and develop simple applications.
D) requires more time to develop systems.
E) leads to lower levels of satisfaction with systems.

Question 19

Categories of tools for BPM include all of the following except

A) tools to integrate existing systems to support business processes' improvements.
B) tools to automate business processes.
C) tools to identify and document business processes.
D) tools to test the security of business processes.
E) tools to design new processes.

Question 20

The four kinds of structural organizational change enabled by IT, in order from least to most risky, are

A) rationalization, automation, reengineering, and redesigning.
B) rationalization, automation, reengineering, and paradigm shift.
C) automation, rationalization, redesigning, and paradigm shift.
D) automation, redesigning, restructuring, and paradigm shift.
E) paradigm shift, reengineering, rationalization, and automation.

Question 21

In a parallel conversion strategy, the new system

A) is tested by an outsourced company.
B) replaces the old one at an appointed time.
C) and the old are run in parallel.
D) is introduced in stages.
E) is slowly converted from the old system.

Question 22

List and describe at least nine factors considered in the design specifications for a new system. Give at least two examples for each one.

Question 23

In what stage of systems development are design specifications created?

A) systems analysis
B) systems design
C) testing
D) conversion
E) implementation

Question 24

Systems design

A) describes what a system should do to meet information requirements.
B) shows how the new system will fulfill the information requirements.
C) identifies which users need what information, where, when and how.
D) is concerned with the logical view of the system solution.
E) identifies the technology to be used in the system.

Question 25

During the ________ stage of system development, system specifications that were prepared during the design stage are translated into software code.

A) systems analysis and design
B) implementation
C) conversion
D) programming
E) feasibility study

Question 26

Acceptance testing

A) includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.
B) tests the functioning of the system as a whole in order to determine if discrete modules will function together as planned.
C) tests each program separately.
D) provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting.
E) involves testing the conversion of legacy data to the new system.

Question 27

________ provide(s) a detailed statement of the information needs that a new system must satisfy; identifies who needs what information, and when, where, and how the information is needed.

A) Systems analysis and design document
B) Information requirements
C) A data flow diagram
D) Feasibility study
E) Request for proposal

Question 28

Which process develops a detailed description of the functions that a new information system must perform?

A) feasibility study
B) requirements analysis
C) systems design
D) test plan development
E) management plan

Question 29

________ is the process of changing from the old system to the new system.

A) Implementation
B) Conversion
C) Systems analysis and design
D) Programming
E) End user involvement

Question 30

Unit testing

A) includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.
B) tests the functioning of the system as a whole in order to determine if discrete modules will function together as planned.
C) tests each program separately.
D) provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting.
E) involves testing the entire system with real-world data.

Question 31

You are consulting for the information technology division of a state university to guide and facilitate the design of a new system for handling college applications, which has previously been handled entirely with a paper-based process. They would like to set up a system by which prospective students can apply online. Describe in detail their first steps and any studies they should perform before designing the new information system.

Question 32

Documentation reveals how well a system works from both a technical and end-user standpoint.

Question 33

Changes in hardware, software, documentation, or production to a production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiencies are termed

A) compliance.
B) production.
C) maintenance.
D) acceptance.
E) implementation.

Question 34

Discuss the role and influence the user plays in software development.

Question 35

The system is not in production until conversion is complete.

Question 36

A(n) ________ is the model or blueprint for an information system solution and consists of all the specifications that will deliver the functions identified during systems analysis.

A) feasibility study
B) data flow diagram
C) systems design document
D) information requirements document
E) request for proposal

Question 37

Transferring data from a legacy system to the new system would be defined by which category of system design specifications?

A) input
B) database
C) manual procedures
D) conversion
E) implementation

Question 38

A systems analysis includes a(n) ________ that is used to determine whether the solution is achievable, from a financial, technical, and organizational standpoint.

A) feasibility study
B) data flow diagram
C) logical design
D) systems design document
E) request for proposal

Question 39

System testing

A) includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.
B) tests the functioning of the system as a whole in order to determine if discrete modules will function together as planned.
C) tests each program separately.
D) provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting.
E) tests the information requirements of a system.

Question 40

In the direct cutover conversion strategy, the new system

A) is tested by an outsourced company.
B) replaces the old one at an appointed time.
C) and the old are run together.
D) is introduced in stages.
E) the old and new systems are run in parallel.

Question 41

To understand and define the contents of data flows and data store, system builders use

A) a data dictionary.
B) process specifications diagrams.
C) user documentation.
D) data flow diagrams.
E) systems analysis.

Question 42

Organizational software packages often include ________ features that allow the software to be modified to meet organizational requirements.

A) automation
B) object oriented
C) programming
D) design
E) customization

Question 43

Object-oriented modeling is based on the concepts of

A) objects and relationships.
B) classes and objects.
C) class and inheritance.
D) objects and inheritance.
E) classes and relationships.

Question 44

________ describe the transformation occurring within the lowest level of the data flow diagrams.

A) Design requirements
B) Information requirements
C) Technology design plan
D) Conversion requirements
E) Process specifications

Question 45

A native mobile app is

A) a mobile Web site.
B) a mobile Web app.
C) a stand alone application that does not use a browser.
D) a responsive mobile app.
E) one that can only operate on selected devices.

Question 46

An entire information system is broken down into its subsystems by using

A) high-level data flow diagrams.
B) low-level data flow diagrams.
C) process specifications.
D) structured diagrams.
E) logical design diagrams.

Question 47

A data flow diagram offers a logical and graphical model of information flow, partitioning a system into modules that show manageable levels of detail.

Question 48

In an object-oriented development framework for a university, how would the classes Degree, Mathematics, and Physics be related?

A) Degree would be a sister class to Mathematics and Physics.
B) Degree is a superclass to Mathematics and Physics.
C) Mathematics and Physics would be ancestors to Degree.
D) Degree would be a subclass to Mathematics and Physics.
E) Math, Physics and Degree are sister classes.

Question 49

A structure chart is a bottom-up chart, showing each level of design, its relationship to other levels, and its place in the overall design structure.

Question 50

Object-oriented development could potentially reduce the time and cost of writing software because

A) object-oriented programming requires less training.
B) iterative prototyping is not required.
C) objects are reusable.
D) a single user interface object can be used for the entire application.
E) it's not necessary to use a formal methodology to design a system.

Question 51

Objects are grouped into hierarchies, and hierarchies into classes.

Question 52

What qualities of object-oriented development make this method especially suitable for Internet applications?

Question 53

You work for the IT department of a startup ASP, and it is your job to set up the testing processes for a new enterprise system the company will be hosting. Describe the processes you will recommend. What unique considerations will you have?

Question 54

The entire system-building effort is driven by

A) organizational change.
B) feasibility studies.
C) the information value chain.
D) user information requirements.
E) available information technology.

Question 55

CASE tools facilitate the creation of clear documentation and the coordination of team development efforts.

Question 56

The primary tool for representing a system's component processes and the flow of data between them is the

A) data dictionary.
B) process specifications diagram.
C) user documentation.
D) data flow diagram.
E) top down structure chart.

Question 57

CASE tools automate

A) documentation.
B) code generation.
C) creating data dictionaries.
D) user interfaces.
E) system designs.

Question 58

Object-oriented development is more incremental than traditional structured development.

Question 59

To show each level of a system's design, its relationship to other levels, and its place in the overall design structure, structured methodologies use

A) structure charts.
B) Gantt and PERT charts.
C) process specifications.
D) data flow diagrams.
E) user documentation.

Question 60

In object-oriented development

A) the class is used as the basic unit of systems analysis and design.
B) an object is a collection of data that is acted on by external processes.
C) processing logic resides within objects.
D) a strict, step-by-step development process is essential.
E) data and processes are separated.

Question 61

The process of creating workable information systems in a very short period of time is called

A) RAD.
B) JAD.
C) prototyping.
D) systems analysis and design.
E) end user design.

Question 62

Which of the following is not a top priority in mobile application development?

A) designing for multitouch
B) saving resources
C) limiting the use of keyboards
D) designing for keyboard data entry
E) designing for multiple screens

Question 63

What are the advantages and disadvantages of prototyping?
Describe the steps in prototyping. Give at least two circumstances under which prototyping might be useful.

Question 64

A systems building approach in which the system is developed as successive versions, each version reflecting requirements more accurately, is described to be

A) end-user oriented.
B) iterative.
C) object-oriented.
D) agile.
E) traditional.

Question 65

Prototyping is more iterative than the conventional lifecycle.

Question 66

What is the primary driving factor in firms to select domestic outsourcing firms to build system solutions?

A) to take advantage of technical skills the firm does not have
B) to save labor costs
C) to avoid change management issues
D) to reduce the cost of hardware
E) to avoid offshore outsourcing

Question 67

What is the purpose of responsive Web design?

A) It allows one Web site to serve different platforms, such as tablets, PCs, and mobile phones.
B) It allows Web sites to respond quickly to changing user needs.
C) It enables Web sites to customize design according to user preferences.
D) It enables Web sites to customize content based on user location and preferences.
E) It enables different people to responsively program the system.

Question 68

In the traditional systems development lifecycle, end users

A) are important and ongoing members of the team from the original analysis phase through maintenance.
B) are important only in the testing phases.
C) have no input.
D) are limited to providing information requirements and reviewing the technical staff's work.
E) control the development of the system.

Question 69

What is "responsive design" for mobile applications?

A) a design that responds to the user's needs
B) a design that responds to the user's location
C) a design that responds to the user's voice commands
D) a design that responds to the user's digital device and screen
E) a design that responds to the user's gestures

Question 70

The oldest method for building information systems is prototyping.

Question 71

When systems are created rapidly, without a formal development methodology

A) end users can take over the work of IT specialists.
B) the organization quickly outgrows the new system.
C) hardware, software, and quality standards are less important.
D) testing and documentation may be inadequate.
E) IT specialists dominate the design of the system.

Question 72

As a technical project manager, you have decided to propose implementing a prototyping methodology for a small Web-based design project. What is the order of steps you will follow in this project?

A) Develop the prototype; use the prototype; revise and enhance the prototype.
B) Identify user requirements, develop the prototype, use the prototype, revise and enhance the prototype.
C) Define the requirements, develop solutions, select the best prototype, and implement the prototype.
D) Define the requirements, develop the prototype, revise and enhance the prototype.
E) Select the best prototype, define the requirements, and implement the prototype.

Question 73

A prototype is a working version of an information system that is meant to be only a preliminary model.

Question 74

In which type of systems building are the development stages organized so that tasks in one stage are completed before the tasks in the next stage begin?

A) traditional
B) prototyping
C) RAD
D) JAD
E) object oriented development

Question 75

A software package evaluation process is often based on a series of questions sent to vendors, called a(n)

A) systems design document.
B) strategic planning document.
C) information systems management plan.
D) request for proposal.
E) logical design document.

Question 76

You are an IT project manager for an advertising firm. The firm wishes to create an online tool that will be used to survey focus group reactions to products in development. The most important consideration for the firm is being able to offer the tool as soon as possible as a new corporate service. However, you know that many of the senior managers that are business owners of this project have difficulty in understanding technical or software development issues, and are likely to change their requirements during the course of development. What development method would be most successful for this project?

A) RAD
B) JAD
C) end-user development
D) prototyping
E) traditional

Question 77

A primary benefit of offshore outsourcing is that this can substantially reduce hidden costs.

Question 78

The oldest method for building information systems is

A) component-based development.
B) prototyping.
C) object-oriented development.
D) the systems development lifecycle.
E) RAD.

Question 79

Identify and describe each of the five systems' development approaches.

Question 80

End-user-developed systems can be completed more rapidly than those developed through the conventional systems lifecycle.