Deck 12: Sampling Designs and Sampling Procedures

Question 1

A census is any complete group whose members share some common set of characteristics.

Answer 1

False
this is a population (universe).A census is an investigation of all the individual elements that make up the population.

Question 2

When a nonprobability sample is used,there are no appropriate statistical techniques for measurement of random sampling error.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

List brokers rent lists of names,addresses,phone numbers,and e-mail addresses of specific populations.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A list of all of the members of the Atlanta chapter of the American Psychological Association is an example of a sampling frame.

Question 5

Sampling involves using a small number of people in the target market to make conclusions about the entire target market population.

Question 6

If individuals do not opt in to receive e-mail from a particular organization,they may consider unsolicited survey requests to be spam.

Question 7

Systematic sampling can,under certain conditions,yield a random sample.

Question 8

Larger samples allow conclusions to be drawn with more confidence that they truly represent the population.

Question 9

A sampling frame is also called a "working population."

Question 10

Trickle-down sampling involves using probability methods for an initial selection of respondents and then obtaining additional respondents through information provided by the initial respondents.

Question 11

A canvas is an investigation of all the individual elements that make up the population.

Question 12

A convenience sample is a type of probability sample.

Question 13

The first stage in the selection of a sample is to determine the sampling frame.

Question 14

Simple random sampling ensures that each element in the population will have an equal chance of being included in the sample.

Question 15

As used in sampling theory,the term random refers to the distribution of sample data.

Question 16

As sample size decreases,random sampling error decreases.

Question 17

Sampling frames are consistent available around the world.

Question 18

The individual element in a final cluster sample is called the primary sampling unit (PSU).

Question 19

Judgment sampling is a nonprobability sampling technique in which an experienced individual selects the sample based on his or her judgment about some appropriate characteristics required of the sample member.

Question 20

A reverse telephone directory provides the same information contained in a telephone directory,but in a different format.

Question 21

In stratified sampling,a subsample is drawn using judgment sampling within each stratum.

Question 22

When a researcher uses students to participate in a study because he has easy access to them,what type of sampling procedure is being used?

A)judgment sampling
B)systematic sampling
C)snowball sampling
D)convenience sampling

Question 23

Multistage area sampling uses cluster sampling in combination with other random sampling procedures.

Question 24

In which type of sampling does every element in the population have a known,nonzero probability of selection?

A)absolute sampling
B)relative sampling
C)nonprobability sampling
D)probability sampling

Question 25

A telephone directory that lists the people in the phone book by their street address instead of by their last name is a type of ____.

A)snowball directory
B)inverse directory
C)reverse directory
D)sampling frame directory

Question 26

Lists of respondents who have agreed to participate in marketing research along with their e-mail contact information are called ____.

A)interactive samples
B)online panels
C)perpetual samples
D)e-samples

Question 27

All of the following are stages in the selection of a sample EXCEPT to ____.

A)analyze data
B)select a sampling frame
C)determine sample size
D)conduct fieldwork

Question 28

One advantage of a convenience sample is that there is no need for a population list.

Question 29

A single element or group of elements that is eligible for selection via the sampling process is called a ____.

A)sampling panel
B)sampling unit
C)sampling error
D)sampling quota

Question 30

When a researcher has made the decision to conduct a survey using a sample of the population,the FIRST step in the selection of the sample is to ____.

A)define the target population
B)determine the sample size
C)select the actual sampling units
D)select a sampling frame

Question 31

The difference between the sample result and the result of an accurate census is called ____.

A)random sampling error
B)systematic sampling error
C)primary sampling error
D)secondary sampling error

Question 32

Multistage samples are frequently used due to their low cost.

Question 33

As sample size ____,random sampling error ____.

A)increases;increases
B)decreases;decreases
C)increases;decreases
D)increase;remains unchanged

Question 34

If Northwest Airlines selects randomly a set of 40 flights on a given day,and then selects randomly a group of ten passengers on each of these flights to participate in an in-flight survey,the passengers are best referred to as a ____.

A)PSU
B)census
C)systematic sample
D)secondary sampling unit

Question 35

A company decides to send an Internet survey to all of its 127-member sales force to determine their morale.This is a ____.

A)cluster sample
B)multistage area sample
C)census
D)sample

Question 36

A researcher wants to study the members of the American Marketing Association and selects a sample from its membership list.The membership list is an example of a ____.

A)reverse directory
B)sampling frame
C)systematic sampling list
D)census

Question 37

Which type of error occurs when potential respondents are improperly excluded before the sample is taken?

A)Type I error
B)sampling frame error
C)statistical error
D)list error

Question 38

The most popular type of cluster sample is the area sample.

Question 39

Which type of sampling error is primarily due to the nature of a study's design and the correctness of study execution?

A)random sampling error
B)systematic sampling error
C)primary sampling error
D)secondary sampling error

Question 40

Janet has agreed to participate in surveys online.Every few weeks,she is sent an email asking her to participate in an online survey.What did Janet most likely do to become involved in these research studies?

A)opted out
B)opted in
C)randomized herself
D)met a quota

Question 41

When a researcher conducts personal interviews with 100 percent of the salespeople within his organization,the researcher is using a(n)____________________.

Question 42

A researcher for Procter & Gamble selects five states randomly,and then selects 10 supermarket chains within each of these states to call for a phone survey for a test market of a new shampoo.Which type of sampling procedure is being used?

A)systematic sample
B)simple random sample
C)nonprobability sample
D)cluster sample

Question 43

All of the retail stores nationwide of Sears Roebuck and Co.form the ____________________ of Sears' stores.

Question 44

A(n)____________________ is a subset of some larger population that is measured or observed in some way to infer what the entire population is like.

Question 45

The head of the marketing research department instructs field interviewers to interview owners of DVD players in a shopping mall such that they each interview 10 Sony owners,8 Panasonic owners,6 Toshiba owners,and 4 owners of other brands.Which type of sampling procedure is being used?

A)systematic sample
B)quota sample
C)area sample
D)multistage sample

Question 46

Which type of nonprobability sampling technique is used in the Consumer Price Index?

A)convenience
B)judgment
C)cluster
D)stratified

Question 47

When a telephone book database is re-arranged so that it is organized by phone number instead of by last name,a ____________________ directory has been created.

Question 48

A researcher is interested in studying attitudes about raw milk sales and has reason to believe that urban,suburban,and rural groups will vary in their responses.The researcher knows that the population being studied is 50% urban,40% suburban,and 20% rural.She classifies the potential participants as urban,suburban,or rural residents,and then,for a sample totaling 100,randomly selects 50 individuals from the urban group,40 from the suburban group,and 20 from the rural group.The researcher is using a(n)____.

A)proportional stratified sample
B)balanced stratified sample
C)even stratified sample
D)primary stratified sample

Question 49

When some elements of the target population are omitted from the list of elements,____________________ error may occur.

Question 50

When a local television station sends a crew to interview joggers in the city park on a beautiful spring day,what type of sample is being used?

A)cluster sample
B)multistage area sample
C)systematic sample
D)convenience sample

Question 51

Which probability sampling technique is economically efficient and uses a group of elements as the primary sampling unit?

A)simple random
B)snowball
C)cluster
D)quota

Question 52

Which technique uses nonprobability sampling,in which an experienced individual selects the sample based on his or her judgment about some appropriate characteristics required of the sample member?

A)area sample
B)subjective sample
C)stratified sample
D)judgment sample

Question 53

A sampling procedure that assures each element in the population of an equal chance of being included in the sample is called ____.

A)simple random sampling
B)primary random sampling
C)primary sampling
D)stratified sampling

Question 54

A marketing researcher wants to put together four focus groups of 18-24 year-old males who are "heavy downloaders of music" (defined as downloading 50 songs per month).Instead of asking people at a shopping mall whether they download music from the Internet,he finds one person in the target market who qualifies,and then asks that person to suggest the names of two other males between the ages of 18-24 who download music.The researcher will invite those two to participate in the focus group,and then they are each asked to suggest two others similar to themselves to participate in the focus group study.This procedure describes a ____.

A)stepwise sample
B)judgment sample
C)area sample
D)snowball sample

Question 55

A researcher puts the name of each person in a sampling frame list on a 3" x 5" card,shuffles the cards thoroughly,and then selects 35 names from the top of the pile of cards for a phone interview study.What type of sampling procedure is being used?

A)judgment sample
B)simple random sample
C)stratified sample
D)area sample

Question 56

In which type of sampling is a subsample drawn using simple random sampling within each stratum?

A)cluster sampling
B)stratified sampling
C)systematic sampling
D)convenience sampling

Question 57

A marketing vice-president tells the marketing department to schedule a test market in Dallas because he feels that this city is "typical" of the composition of the target market for a new product nationally.The vice president is asking for a(n)____.

A)judgment sample
B)area sample
C)cluster sample
D)convenience sample

Question 58

A researcher wants to select 50 customers from a sampling frame of 250 customers who have purchased at least $10,000 worth of products from his company within the past six months.The researcher wants to use a systematic sampling technique.After randomly selecting a starting point,the researcher should select every ____ name on the list.

A)20th
B)10th
C)5th
D)50th

Question 59

A national political pollster randomly selects ten states,then randomly selects five counties within each state,then randomly selects five voting precincts within these counties,then randomly selects five blocks within these precincts,and finally,randomly selects five households for door-to-door interviews about their voting intentions in the next Presidential election.This is best called a(n)____.

A)simple random sample
B)multistage area sample
C)systematic sample
D)nonprobability sample

Question 60

Which statement comparing quota sampling with probability sampling is true?

A)Quota sampling typically costs less than probability sampling.
B)Quota sampling is typically less convenient for researchers than is probability sampling.
C)A study using quota sampling will typically take substantially more time to complete.
D)Quota sampling generally provides a more random sample than probability sampling.

Question 61

List the stages in the selection of a sample.

Question 62

The difference between the results of a sample and the results of a census that is conducted with identical procedures is called ____________________ error.

Question 63

When initial subjects are selected randomly and additional subjects are obtained from recommendations of names from the initial subjects,the ____________________ sampling technique is being used.

Question 64

Explain reasons for why taking a sample might be preferred to taking a complete census.

Question 65

Name and describe the types of probability sampling.

Question 66

Judgment sampling is a type of ____________________ sampling.

Question 67

The sampling procedure involving the use of those people or units that are most readily available is called ____________________ sampling.

Question 68

When a sample is drawn using combination of two or more probability sampling techniques,a(n)____________________ sample is being drawn.

Question 69

Name and describe the types of nonprobability sampling.

Question 70

Writing the names of the students in a class on separate sheets of paper,shuffling the papers thoroughly,and then drawing five names "out of a hat," is a type of ____________________ sample.

Question 71

Compare and contrast random sampling and systematic (nonsampling)errors.

Question 72

A unit that is selected in the first stage of a multi-stage sampling procedure is called the ____________________.

Question 73

____________________ sampling is a nonprobability sampling procedure that ensures that various subgroups of a population will be represented to the extent that the investigator desires.

Question 74

When a research study has been poorly designed,it is likely to be affected by ____________________ error.

Question 75

When an Internet user gives permission to Southwest Airlines to e-mail special price promotions as they are announced,the user has decided to ____________________ for this type of database communication.