Deck 2: The Nature of Planned Change

Question 1

In action research, data is only gathered after action has been taken to monitor the results.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

OD efforts are limited because of limited information available to guide change.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The general model of planned change describes the way OD efforts always proceed.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Change strategies are often modified on the basis of continued diagnosis.

Question 5

Which theory of planned change serves as the foundation for appreciative inquiry (AI)?

A) Lewin's Change Model
B) Action Research Model
C) The Positive Model
D) all of the above

Question 6

The three sequential steps in Lewin's change model are

A) freezing, movement, changing
B) unfreezing, movement, refreezing
C) unfreezing, refraining, refreezing
D) changing, movement, freezing

Question 7

To be a successful in international settings, the OD practitioner must

A) educate client on their own cultural biases
B) follow the same general model of planned change as in domestic settings
C) adapt the action research process to fit the cultural context
D) provide feedback once process is complete

Question 8

The Action Research Model focuses on

A) planned change as a cyclical process
B) heavy diagnosis after acting, planning, and implementation
C) reporting new data from previous research
D) reducing the process of psychological disconfirmation

Question 9

The relationship between planned change and organizational performance and effectiveness is well understood.

Question 10

Which activity is not part of the general model of planned change?

A) interviews and action planning
B) entering and contracting
C) diagnosis
D) planning and implementing

Question 11

The identification phase of action research is designed to identify people who should assist in setting the direction of the organization.

Question 12

The same steps in the action research model should be applied regardless of whether the organization is under- organized or over-organized.

Question 13

Two adaptations of action research are increased participant involvement and a greater appreciative approach to
OD.

Question 14

When an action researcher is dealing with an organization that is under organized, the steps in the change process are

A) identification, feedback, action, evaluation
B) definition, convention, action, evaluation
C) identification, convention, organization, evaluation
D) identification, action, convention, evaluation

Question 15

Contemporary applications of action research emphasize

A) data gathering and analysis
B) consultation with a behavioral scientist
C) an increased degree of member involvement
D) problem(s) identification

Question 16

Diagnostic models for analyzing problems explore activities at the organization level, group level, and individual level.

Question 17

According to Lewin, the best way to manage change is to increase the forces for change.

Question 18

In under-organized organizations, the consultant attempts to "tighten up" the governance system.

Question 19

What is "planned change" as compared with other types of change?

Question 20

In Lewin's model of change, change is brought about by:

A) ensuring equilibrium
B) increasing forces for change
C) providing laboratory training
D) Reinforcing organizational culture

Question 21

Planned change can differ greatly from one organization to another. Discuss how planned change efforts might differ in domestic vs. international settings.

Question 22

Describe the framework of the general model of planned change. Include a discussion of each activity and a typical sequence of events.

Question 23

Compare and contrast Lewin's change model, the action research model, and the positive model. Describe their strengths and weaknesses.

Question 24

What problems associated with planned change should the OD practitioner be aware of? How might such problems be overcome?