Deck 5: Social Interaction And Social Structure

Question 1

Which of the following is true regarding a status set?

A) Our status set is set at birth and cannot change.
B) Our status set does not change after adulthood.
C) Our status set changes throughout our life course.
D) Our status set changes only during childhood.
E) Our status set changes only with significant effort.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Carol is a 33 year-old female and an avid swimmer.She has competed in several national championships.Carol is also the mother of three young children,and is married to Peggy,a computer engineer.Carol and Peggy live in the suburbs and own a nice home.Which of the following is not an example of Carol's achieved status?

A) Carol has competed in several national championships and has earned medals for several events.
B) Carol is the mother of three young children.
C) Carol is married to Peggy.
D) Carol is 33 years old.
E) Carol is a homeowner.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Statuses,roles,groups,and institutions make up

A) social organizations
B) social sets
C) social interaction
D) social structure
E) society

Answer 3

D

Question 4

"Secretary," "teacher," and "conductor" are examples of

A) statuses.
B) roles.
C) sects.
D) institutions.
E) groups.

Question 5

Which of the following definitions best fits "social interaction"?

A) The process by which we act toward people around us.
B) The process by which we react to people around us.
C) The process by which we act toward and react to people around us.
D) An unorganized pattern of behavior that governs people's relationships.
E) An organized pattern of behavior that governs people's relationships.

Question 6

The air rage incident described in your textbook is an example of __________.

A) achieved status
B) social interaction
C) social structure
D) status set
E) ascribed status

Question 7

Andrea is an aspiring associate editor for a major publisher.She is single but feels "married to her work." Last year she received a $50,000 bonus for the excellent work she did in promoting new textbooks published by her employer.Based on this information,Andrea's ascribed status is _____ and her achieved status is _____.

A) female; married
B) married; female
C) bonus recipient; associate editor
D) married; bonus recipient
E) female; associate editor

Question 8

Which of the following represents an ascribed status?

A) college graduate
B) student
C) grandparent
D) American of Japanese descent
E) athlete

Question 9

Statuses are always

A) balancing.
B) clashing.
C) gregarious.
D) managerial.
E) relational.

Question 10

Statuses are _______ because they are connected to other statuses.

A) relational
B) judicial
C) occupational
D) methodical
E) actual

Question 11

_____ is an organized pattern of behavior that governs people's relationships.

A) Social interaction
B) Social structure
C) Status
D) Master status
E) Role

Question 12

Which of the following is not one of the key characteristics of social interaction?

A) Social interaction is central to all human social activity.
B) People respond to a situation differently depending on what they think is at stake for them.
C) Social interaction is similar across time and place.
D) People influence each other's behavior through interaction.
E) Elements of social structure affect all interaction and can produce different personal outcomes.

Question 13

Status is a social position that a person _____ in a society.

A) achieves
B) values
C) allocates
D) occupies
E) resides

Question 14

Keri is a mother,a parole officer,and a softball player.These positions make up Keri's

A) role set.
B) status set.
C) master statuses
D) achieved statuses.
E) ascribed statuses.

Question 15

"Student," "judge," and "sociologist" are examples of

A) groups.
B) roles.
C) sects.
D) institutions.
E) statuses.

Question 16

We're usually not aware of the impact of _____ until we violate cultural rules that shape our daily behavior.

A) norms
B) values
C) mores
D) culture
E) social structure

Question 17

Social structure

A) determines our job choices.
B) demands our respect.
C) burdens our behavior.
D) guides our actions.
E) predicts our behavior.

Question 18

In most societies,one's sex,age,physical ability,and race are _________ statuses.

A) master
B) achieved
C) ascribed
D) inconsistent
E) prescribed

Question 19

Marlin is a 33 year-old male and an avid swimmer.He has competed in several national championships.Marlin is also the father of three young children,and is married to Peggy,a computer engineer.Marlin and Peggy live in the suburbs and own a nice home.Marlin's gender is an example of a/n _____ status.

A) achieved
B) earned
C) ascribed
D) master
E) role

Question 20

We can't change,control,or choose our __________ statuses.

A) master
B) achieved
C) prescribed
D) ascribed
E) inconsistent

Question 21

Mackenzie is a Congresswoman.She is responsible for proposing legislation,meeting with constituents,and implementing policies.These responsibilities make up Mackenzie's

A) occupational set.
B) norm set.
C) value set.
D) status set.
E) role set.

Question 22

A master status is a/n

A) achieved status.
B) ascribed status.
C) status set.
D) role set.
E) ascribed or achieved status.

Question 23

Liz runs on the track team.She is a sociology major and has three roommates.Liz has two sisters and one brother.Liz enjoys watching movies and swimming.Which of the following is Liz's ascribed status?

A) female
B) track team member
C) sociology major
D) roommate
E) movie watcher

Question 24

Cameron was scheduled to work on Thursday from 9:00am until 3:00pm.His sociology final was scheduled for 2:00 pm.Cameron was likely experiencing

A) role sets.
B) role strain.
C) role conflict.
D) role sprain.
E) role tension.

Question 25

Status inconsistencies refer to

A) the actual behavior of a person who occupies a status.
B) the behavior expected of a person who has a particular status.
C) social positions that we attain through personal effort.
D) shifting communication patterns that govern people's interpersonal relationships.
E) the conflict that arises from occupying social positions that are ranked differently.

Question 26

Role strain and role conflict can be reduced by compromise or __________.

A) aggression.
B) ulcers.
C) anxiety attacks and nausea.
D) open hostility.
E) negotiation.

Question 27

_____ statuses are those that we can change,control or choose through effort or actions.

A) Master
B) Achieved
C) Ascribed
D) Role
E) Social

Question 28

Each status is associated with one or more _____.

A) roles
B) achiever statuses
C) achieved statuses
D) ascribed statuses
E) social structures

Question 29

Gender,age and ethnicity are examples of

A) achieved statues.
B) ascribed statuses.
C) master statuses.
D) achieved statues and master statuses.
E) ascribed statuses and master statuses.

Question 30

_____ statuses are those that we cannot change,control or choose.

A) Master
B) Achieved
C) Ascribed
D) Role
E) Social

Question 31

Ralph,an avid surfer,competes in surfing competitions on the weekends.Ralph is also a high school teacher."surfer and "teacher" form Ralph's:

A) conflict set.
B) status set.
C) stature set.
D) structure set.
E) connection set.

Question 32

_____ are the behaviors expected of people who have a particular status.

A) Role sets
B) Status sets
C) Roles
D) Symbols
E) Signals

Question 33

Carter is a full-time college student and works at a factory 30 hours each week.Carter is likely experiencing

A) role sets.
B) role strain.
C) role conflict.
D) role sprain.
E) role tension.

Question 34

"Honor student," "mother," and "working-class" are examples of

A) master statuses.
B) status sets.
C) role sets.
D) ascribed statuses.
E) achieved statuses.

Question 35

As a parent,Pete cooks dinner for his children,helps them with their homework,and arranges their play dates.These activities reflect Pete's

A) inconsistencies.
B) roles.
C) statuses.
D) symbols.
E) busywork.

Question 36

While we occupy a status,but we _____ a role.

A) make-up
B) distribute
C) play
D) change
E) create

Question 37

Which of the following is not a reason that we might experience role strain and role conflict?

A) Because many people are overextended, some roles are bound to conflict with others.
B) We have little or no training for most roles.
C) Some role expectations are unclear or contradictory.
D) Many roles are easy to play.
E) Consuming jobs may create difficulties at home.

Question 38

Brendon is a pastor at the local church.To earn extra money,Brendon bartends on Friday nights.This is an example of

A) a master status.
B) status inconsistency.
C) a status set.
D) a role set.
E) social structure.

Question 39

Dr.Miller,a college professor,prepares lectures,grades papers and holds office hours (among many other things).These activities reflect Dr.Miller's

A) statuses.
B) symbols.
C) inconsistencies.
D) roles.
E) busywork.

Question 40

_____ is the actual behavior of a person who occupies a status.

A) Role presentation
B) Role position
C) Role pose
D) Role performance
E) Role set

Question 41

Symbolic interactionists typically use two methodological tools in understanding everyday interaction:

A) ethnomethodology and dramaturgical analysis.
B) ethnomethodology and surveys.
C) dramaturgical analysis and surveys.
D) dramaturgical analysis and experiments.
E) surveys and experiments.

Question 42

_____ is language that pretends to communicate,but really does not.

A) Lingo
B) Doublespeak
C) Idiom
D) Translation
E) Verbiage

Question 43

"If men define situations as real,they are real in their consequences." This statement best matches which of the following concepts?

A) social construction of reality
B) dramaturgical analysis
C) ethnomethodology
D) self-fulfilling prophecy
E) Thomas Theorem

Question 44

One type of doublespeak,_________,is/are words or phrases that avoid a harsh,unpleasant,or distasteful reality.

A) feminist theories
B) euphemisms
C) gobbledygooks
D) functionalist theories
E) inflated language

Question 45

_____ studies how people construct and learn to share definitions of reality.

A) Thomas theorem
B) Social construction of reality
C) Ethnomethodology
D) Dramaturgical analysis
E) A self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 46

Mary is a busy working mother.To make sure that her children arrive at school on time,Mary shifted her work schedule so that she works from 9:00 am until 2:00 pm and on Saturdays.Which coping strategy is Mary using?

A) Compartmentalize roles.
B) Exit role or status.
C) Do not take on additional roles.
D) Set priorities.
E) Compromise and negotiate.

Question 47

"If we define something as real and act upon it,it can become real." This statement best matches which of the following concepts?

A) social construction of reality
B) dramaturgical analysis
C) ethnomethodology
D) self-fulfilling prophecy
E) doublespeak

Question 48

"Social interaction is based on a balance of costs and benefits." This statement best matches which of the theories explaining social interaction?

A) symbolic limitation
B) social exchange
C) feminist theories
D) functionalist
E) social learning

Question 49

The social construction of reality involves

A) direct interaction.
B) indirect interaction.
C) subject interaction.
D) both direct and indirect interaction.
E) both direct and subject interaction.

Question 50

"Our definitions of reality can lead to self-fulfilling prophecies." This statement best matches which of the theories?

A) symbolic interaction
B) social exchange
C) feminist theories
D) functionalist
E) social learning

Question 51

"People create and define their reality through interaction." This statement best matches which of the theories explaining social interaction?

A) symbolic interaction
B) social exchange
C) feminist theories
D) functionalist
E) social learning

Question 52

"People create and define their reality through social interaction.This statement best matches which of the theories?

A) symbolic interactionist
B) social exchange
C) feminist theories
D) functionalist
E) social learning

Question 53

Last week,Eldon's professor suggested that he visit the Writing Center for extra help on his papers because they were below average.Eldon did not go to the Center because he felt it would be a waste of time.Eldon received a "D" on his next paper.This is an example of

A) social construction of reality.
B) dramaturgical analysis.
C) ethnomethodology.
D) a self-fulfilling prophecy.
E) social exchange theory.

Question 54

Which theorist extended the Thomas theorem to include the idea of a "self-fulfilling prophecy?"

A) W.I. Thomas
B) Dorothy Thomas
C) Robert Merton
D) Emile Durkheim
E) Karl Marx

Question 55

According to the textbook,which of the following is not an effective way of minimizing role conflict and role strain?

A) Exit role or status.
B) Set priorities.
C) Compartmentalize our roles.
D) Deny that there is a problem.
E) Compromise and negotiate.

Question 56

"The sexes often differ in communication styles and speech patterns." This statement best matches which of the theories?

A) symbolic interaction
B) social exchange
C) feminist theories
D) functionalist
E) social learning

Question 57

Jan was unhappy in her marriage and decided to divorce her husband.Which coping strategy did Jan use?

A) Compartmentalize our roles.
B) Exit role or status.
C) Do not take on additional roles.
D) Set priorities.
E) Compromise and negotiate.

Question 58

Which of the following statements illustrates the characteristic that all of the social interaction theories have in common?

A) Each theory explains who says what and when.
B) Each theory explains how people learn social interaction.
C) Each theory explains how people communicate in their daily lives.
D) Each theory explains why people say what they say.
E) Each theory explains who teaches communication.

Question 59

Social interaction begins at _____,but changes over time depending on the _____.

A) birth; situation
B) age 1; situation
C) when a child begins to speak; gender
D) birth; parent's interaction
E) when a child begins school; teacher quality

Question 60

"Individuals produce,interpret,and share reality with others." This statement best matches which of the following concepts?

A) social construction of reality
B) dramaturgical analysis
C) ethnomethodology
D) self-fulfilling prophecy
E) doublespeak

Question 61

_____ suggests that any social interaction between two people is based on each person's trying to maximize their rewards and minimize their costs.

A) Dramaturgical analysis
B) Symbolic interactionism
C) Feminist theory
D) Social exchange theory
E) Ethnomethodology

Question 62

Timothy and Kiley were asked to violate a norm by their sociology professor.They choose to go to the mall and use the up-escalator to go down and the down-escalator to go up.They watched the reactions of others and wrote a paper describing the experience.Which methodological tool were Timothy and Kiley using?

A) dramaturgical analysis
B) secondary analysis
C) participant observation
D) conduct testing
E) ethnomethodology

Question 63

Karen is stressing her favorable traits (being smart and funny)and suppressing her unfavorable ones (being rude and self-centered).Karen is using

A) impression management.
B) front stage behavior.
C) dramaturgical analysis.
D) social construction of reality.
E) Ethnomethodology.

Question 64

In explaining social interaction,feminist theories often focus on all of the following,except

A) power in relationships.
B) emotional labor.
C) gender roles.
D) labor force participation.
E) gender differences in interactions.

Question 65

"Emotional labor" is

A) the process of explaining what people say and how they say it.
B) the subjective interpretation of feelings and emotions.
C) understanding social norms by interpreting the reactions of others.
D) the management of feeling to create a publically observable facial and bodily display.
E) the organization of emotions into prioritized compartments.

Question 66

Faith and Wanda have been friends since the second grade.Faith plays multiple sports and Wanda performs in the chorus and orchestra.Faith excels in math and science while Wanda excels in English and history.Since they were young,Faith and Wanda have been able to share their interests and help one another in their areas of excellence.This is an example of

A) ethnomethodology.
B) feminist theory.
C) dramaturgical analysis.
D) symbolic interactionism.
E) social exchange theory.

Question 67

During decision-making tasks,_____; during conversations about work or children,_____.

A) women are more talkative than men; men are more talkative than women.
B) women are more talkative than men; women are more talkative than men.
C) men are more talkative than women; women are more talkative than men.
D) men are more talkative than women; men are more talkative than women.
E) men and women are equally talkative; men and women are equally talkative.

Question 68

Which theorist introduced dramaturgical analysis to examine social interaction?

A) Robert Merton
B) Erving Goffman
C) Harold Garfinkel
D) W.I. Thomas
E) Dave Thomas

Question 69

George is preparing his lecture for his next class.He is in his office with the door closed.He has the textbook open and is writing notes quickly.George is in the _____.

A) black box
B) orchestra pit
C) curtain call
D) staging area
E) back stage

Question 70

"Talk to the hand,'cause the face don't want to hear it no more." This statement was made popular by actor and comedian Martin Lawrence.This _____ and statement is a strong form of communication.

A) eye contact
B) touch
C) movement
D) gesture
E) facial expression

Question 71

"Actions speak louder than words." This statement represents which concept of social interaction?

A) dramaturgical analysis
B) ethnomethodology
C) nonverbal communication
D) silence
E) facial expressions

Question 72

Women and men are _____ in their interactions.

A) identical
B) opposite
C) unique
D) more different than similar
E) more similar than different

Question 73

Interactions are most satisfying when rewards and costs are

A) objective.
B) intentional.
C) threatened.
D) complementary.
E) balanced.

Question 74

_____ examines social interaction as if it were a stage where people play different roles.

A) Ethnomethodology
B) Social interaction
C) Dramaturgical analysis
D) Stage analysis
E) Impression management

Question 75

Nonverbal communication does not include

A) silence.
B) gestures.
C) facial expressions.
D) touch.
E) yelling.

Question 76

John is at work at the local pizza place,serving customers and clearing tables.John is in the _____ area.

A) green room
B) theater
C) back stage
D) front stage
E) pit

Question 77

In As You Like It,Shakespeare wrote that "All the world is a stage and all the men and women merely players." This illustrates which concept?

A) self-fulfilling prophecy
B) Thomas theorem
C) dramaturgical analysis
D) social construction of reality
E) ethnomethodology

Question 78

According to Hochschild,women are generally more likely than men to perform work that requires emotional labor because:

A) more men occupy low-income jobs.
B) more women occupy low-income jobs.
C) women are naturally more deceptive.
D) men are naturally more deceptive.
E) women are genetically wired to put on a masked appearance.

Question 79

Ethnomethodologists emphasize that interactions could not take place without pre-existing and shared

A) norms.
B) understandings.
C) competitions.
D) norms and understandings.
E) norms and competitions.

Question 80

Interactions that elicit rewards are

A) less likely to be repeated.
B) less likely to be noticed.
C) most likely to be rewarded themselves.
D) most likely to be repeated.
E) most likely to be stopped.