Deck 5: Marriage and Residence Practices

Question 1

Which of the following is unique to marriage as a social institution?

A) It provides sexual access between spouses.
B) It produces children.
C) It accords social status and public recognition.
D) It allows women and men to interact socially.

Answer 1

It accords social status and public recognition.

Question 2

When one wife is allowed to have multiple husbands it is called:

A) polyandry.
B) polygamy.
C) polygyny.
D) monogamy.

Answer 2

polyandry.

Question 3

A spirit marriage, as practiced by the Han Chinese, involved a:

A) celibate marriage between one individual and a deity.
B) public church ceremony for marriage.
C) union with at least one deceased partner.
D) marriage that is consummated only within a religious space.

Answer 3

union with at least one deceased partner.

Question 4

Why is it difficult for anthropologists to define marriage?

A) Because of same-sex marriage the definitions are no longer true.
B) Marriage is not practiced in the majority of cultures.
C) What constitutes marriage varies greatly across cultures.
D) Marriage is not socially sanctioned and not socially defined.

Question 5

Post-marital residence refers to where the couple:

A) lives before marriage.
B) lives following marriage.
C) lives following divorce.
D) chooses to be married.

Question 6

Fraternal polyandry is when:

A) brothers marry one wife.
B) sisters marry one husband.
C) multiple husbands become friends.
D) the society creates marriage networks to arrange marriages.

Question 7

Marriage does all of the following across cultures except:

A) establishes strict rank and hierarchy between spouses.
B) publicly validates a relationship.
C) sanctions a sexual relationship with another person.
D) provides a supportive setting for raising children.

Question 8

Whose consent is most important in a polyandrous marriage?

A) Grandmother
B) Groom
C) Groom's parents
D) Wife's parents

Question 9

The Nyinba in Tibet, Nepal, and India practice polyandry. Which of the following statements about them is correct?

A) They practice hunting and gathering and herd yaks.
B) They practice occasional polyandrous polygyny.
C) They practice polyandry because there are too few men available to farm.
D) By rights, the eldest brother selects the wife he will marry.

Question 10

When gifts or cash is transferred from the groom's to the bride's family as a marriage transaction it is called:

A) dowry.
B) bride wealth.
C) bride advance.
D) bride service.

Question 11

In what year did the U.S. Supreme Court mandate that same-sex marriage is legal in all fifty states?

A) 2009
B) 2015
C) 2012
D) 1995

Question 12

Woman-woman marriages are associated with all of the following except they:

A) are commonly found in sub-Saharan Africa.
B) involve one woman who identifies as the husband.
C) are associated with the production of children for lineages.
D) are commonly headed by impoverished women.

Question 13

Exogamy is a(n):

A) requirement that persons marry outside of their group.
B) rule that establishes where a couple must live following marriage.
C) form of marriage in which a woman marries two or more brothers.
D) incest taboo that is common in matrilineal societies.

Question 14

All of the following statements about incest are correct except:

A) all societies define certain relationships as incestuous.
B) sexual relations within the immediate family is only allowed in matrilineal societies.
C) it is not always based on co-residence; sometimes individuals raised as siblings do marry.
D) incest varies cross-culturally.

Question 15

What is the lowest minimum legal age of marriage in a U.S. state today with parental consent?

A) 14 (Texas)
B) 15 (Tennessee)
C) 12 (Michigan)
D) 16 (Maine)

Question 16

Among the San at marriage, what changes occurred in a man's behavior following marriage?

A) He became chief of his own joint household and assumed patriarchal authority.
B) He built his own house and joined into ceremonial activities with the kiva community.
C) He brought his wife to live with his family and he began to hunt for his patriline.
D) He began to hunt more intensively for his wife and father-in-law.

Question 17

Post-marital residence in which the newly married couple goes to live with the wife's mother's family is called:

A) neolocal residence.
B) patrilocal residence.
C) avunculocal residence.
D) matrilocal residence.

Question 18

Post-marital residence in which the newly married couple creates their own separate household away from both sets of parents is called:

A) neolocal residence.
B) patrilocal residence.
C) avunculocal residence.
D) matrilocal residence.

Question 19

All of the following were cultural practices found among the pre-Spanish contact Hopi except:

A) gift-giving was used to arrange marriages.
B) the kinsmen of the bridegroom were responsible for weaving the bridal outfit.
C) the couple made marriage decisions on their own without kinship consent.
D)Marriages were not arranged between individuals of the same descent line or clan.

Question 20

Which of the following terms best describes pre-Spanish contact Pueblo marriages?

A) Polygyny
B) Serial monogamy
C) Fraternal polyandry
D) Polygynous polyandry

Question 21

A domestic hierarchy is associated with each of the following except:

A) higher value associated with in-marrying spouse.
B) ranking established within the household.
C) the allocation of different statuses.
D) higher-ranking husband under patrilocal residence .

Question 22

In pre-PRC Han China, which of the following individuals had the most authority?

A) Family patriarch
B) Domestic matriarch
C) In-marrying spouses
D) Eldest son

Question 23

Which of the following was first proposed by Claude Levi-Strauss?

A) Practice theory
B) Alliance theory
C) Social evolutionism
D) Functionalism

Question 24

The idea that forms of marriage across cultures could be ranked from primitive to modern is an example of:

A) delayed transfer marriage.
B) domestic hierarchy.
C) alliance and structure.
D) marriage evolutionism.

Question 25

Within egalitarian societies, which of the following commonly practiced norms introduces the greatest amount of difference?

A) Gender
B) Marriage
C) Race
D) Ethnicity

Question 26

When a married couple by custom leaves the wife's band to live in a small house near the husband's parents in their band, it is called:

A) virilocal residence.
B) uxorilocal residence.
C) neolocal residence.
D) matrilocal residence.

Question 27

Practice theory is associated with all of the following except it argues that:

A) people at different positions in society learn different cultural strategies.
B) individuals are not free agents.
C) social networks are established across cultures through exchange of women.
D) the everyday actions of individuals are shaped by cultural norms.

Question 28

Patrilateral parallel cousin marriage involves the marriage of:

A) two cousins belonging to the same male descent line and lineage.
B) two cousins belonging to different male descent lines and lineages.
C) a cousin belonging to a male descent line and a cousin of a female descent line.
D) siblings from the same mother and father.

Question 29

Delayed transfer marriage occurs when:

A) the bride is not fully given to the husband until he has completed at least seven years of brideservice.
B)The bride goes to live with the husband's family for three days following marriage and then returns back to her home for three more years.
C)Both the bride and groom establish a post-marital residence that is independent of their families and kin groups.
D)Bridewealth is paid over a series of years and extending beyond the time of the wedding; this normally creates social tension.

Question 30

Which of the following statements about marriage is correct?

A) Marriage practices are remarkably plastic and adaptive to change.
B) Marriage practices are very fixed and do not change over time.
C) Marriages across cultures are diverse and do not share commonalities.
D) Marriage is a universal institution and is practiced similarly everywhere.

Question 31

Marriage is universal and varies little from culture to culture.

Question 32

Among polygynous marriages, it is not uncommon to find rank and hierarchy between spouses.

Question 33

Anthropologists call marriage a rite of passage for men in all societies and women in monogamous ones.

Question 34

Fraternal polyandry is common in areas where there are too many women.

Question 35

Marriage transactions signify new obligations and relationships between the families of the bride and groom.

Question 36

Some societies have both bridewealth and dowry requirements at marriage.

Question 37

In the 1967 Supreme Court decision Loving v. Virginia?, miscegenation was ruled unconstitutional in all fifty states.

Question 38

Woman-woman marriage is quite common in northern Africa.

Question 39

Age disparity within a marriage may affect relative power within the marriage.

Question 40

In all U.S. states today, legal marriage requires that both spouses be at least 16 years of age.

Question 41

All ideologies affecting marriage forms are directly related to economics.

Question 42

Marriage evolutionism was significant in the mid-1950s in the U.S.

Question 43

Alliance theory is an example of a structuralist approach to marriage.

Question 44

Practice theory argues that the individual is shaped by his or her culture and makes marriage decisions within established and traditional norms.

Question 45

All families under Han China practiced a form of delayed transfer marriage.

Question 46

​Distinguish between monogamy and the two primary types of polygamy.

Question 47

Name each of the major factors shaping forms of marriage cross-culturally.

Question 48

?What is incest?

Question 49

​Name and describe three types of post-marital residence.

Question 50

​Describe alliance theory, and give an example from your reading.

Question 51

Why is marriage difficult to define? After responding, offer a working definition of marriage that includes the commonalities that are found across cultures.

Question 52

Describe six major factors that shape the form of marriage that spouses will have. Illustrate your points with examples and fully explain each.

Question 53

Discuss and explain each of the different theoretical approaches to marriage.