Question 1

On which two needs does Heider (1958) base his attribution theory?&#10;A) Coherence and sense&#10;B) Sense and fairness&#10;C) Coherence and fairness&#10;D) Effort and fairness&#10;E) Coherence and effort

Accepted Answer

Heider's attribution theory is based on the need for coherence and sense, as individuals seek to understand and make sense of the world around them.

Question 2

Which of these characteristics is NOT associated with an attractive face?&#10;A) Outgoing&#10;B) Intelligent&#10;C) Anxious&#10;D) Socially competent&#10;E) Sexually responsive

Accepted Answer

Anxiousness is not typically associated with an attractive face. Rather, traits such as outgoingness, intelligence, social competence, and sexual responsiveness are often seen as attractive.

Question 3

Judgements of unfamiliar faces can be made in what time frame?&#10;A) 1/100 of a second&#10;B) 1/10 second&#10;C) 1/2 second&#10;D) 1/4 second&#10;E) 1 second

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that judgements of unfamiliar faces can be made in as little as 1/10 of a second.

Question 4

Which of the following has human interaction NOT been compared with in terms of the brain pathways involved?&#10;A) Drugs&#10;B) Singing&#10;C) Sex&#10;D) Chocolate&#10;E) Exercise

Accepted Answer

Human interaction has been compared to drugs, sex, chocolate, and exercise in terms of the brain pathways involved, but not to singing.

Question 5

What have scientists suggested to be the number of individuals that humans have lived with throughout our evolutionary history?&#10;A) 50&#10;B) 100&#10;C) 150&#10;D) 200&#10;E) 250

Accepted Answer

Scientists have suggested that humans have lived in groups of around 150 individuals throughout our evolutionary history, based on studies of modern hunter-gatherer societies and the size of the human neocortex, which is associated with social and cognitive abilities. This is known as Dunbar's number, named after the anthropologist who first proposed it.

Question 6

Which area of the brain seems to be the first part to process the emotional significance of an event?&#10;A) Ventral tegmental area&#10;B) Amygdala&#10;C) Orbito-frontal cortex&#10;D) Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex&#10;E) Ventral striatum

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the amygdala is the first area of the brain to process the emotional significance of an event. It is responsible for the initial detection and processing of emotional stimuli, particularly fear and anxiety.

Question 7

Which of the following has disruption of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) NOT been linked to?&#10;A) OCD&#10;B) PTSD&#10;C) Depression&#10;D) Chronic stress&#10;E) Pain

Accepted Answer

Disruption of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) has been linked to OCD, PTSD, depression, and chronic stress, but not pain.

Question 8

Research on our brain activity while playing games suggests our emotionality in social interactions is based primarily on:&#10;A) Winning&#10;B) Losing&#10;C) Reinforcement&#10;D) Power&#10;E) Fairness

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that our emotionality in social interactions is based primarily on fairness, as playing games that involve fairness activates the brain's reward centers and releases dopamine. Winning, losing, reinforcement, and power may also play a role in our emotional response, but fairness is the primary factor.

Question 9

Which of these has NOT been linked to pro-social behaviour?&#10;A) Kin selection&#10;B) Tit-for-tat&#10;C) Reputation&#10;D) Inclusive fitness&#10;E) Natural selection

Accepted Answer

Natural selection is the process by which advantageous traits become more common among a population over time. While pro-social behavior may be selected for through natural selection, it is not inherently linked to this process in the same way as the other options, which are all specific mechanisms or outcomes related to social behavior.

Question 10

The drop in the murder rate from the 1200s until now has been linked to what?&#10;A) Evolution&#10;B) Resource availability&#10;C) Social norms&#10;D) Legal systems&#10;E) Intelligence

Accepted Answer

The answer of The drop in the murder rate from...

Deck 11: Social Psychology