Deck 2: Perceiving the Self and Others

Question 1

The study of perception is important because

A) we always interact with similar people
B) we assume our perceptions reflect reality
C) there is a correct reality that needs to be acknowledged
D) if we can communicate about a correct reality, we will have better relationships

Answer 1

B

Question 2

_____ occurs when sense data is transmitted to the brain.

A) interpretation
B) selection
C) organization
D) perception

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following statements is not true of the self-concept?

A) the self-concept is primarily an individual phenomenon
B) a mild put -down has the potential to adversely affect one's self-concept
C) a person's self-concept can be health or unhealthy
D) biologically influenced personality traits are a large part of our self-concept

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Civility requires that we temper our desire for self-expression with

A) respect for others
B) responsibility
C) self-control
D) self-acceptance

Question 5

_____ is the second stage of the perception process.

A) Selection
B) Interpretation
C) Proximity
D) Organization

Question 6

Your ability to hear your name spoken in a conversation other people are having while you are engaged in your own conversation reflects the _____ aspect of perception.

A) salience
B) vividness
C) figure-ground
D) proximity

Question 7

You have organized your personal library into genres such as nonfiction, biographies, romance novels, science fiction, etc. Your behavior is similar to the perception process that helps us organize information based on

A) proximity
B) similarity
C) salience
D) vividness

Question 8

Our failure to notice small changes in our surroundings is due to the _____ aspect of the perception process.

A) expectancy
B) vividness
C) salience
D) figure-ground

Question 9

Which statement is not true of stereotypes?

A) they arise during the perception process
B) they allow us to quickly organize information
C) they are reflections of reality
D) they are exaggerations

Question 10

Which statement is not typical of men and communication?

A) men tend to text for enjoyment
B) men see conversation as a way to demonstrate power and position
C) men use social networking sites to find information
D) men see communication as a means to an end

Question 11

You're driving down the freeway and you cut someone off. According to attribution theory, which statement are you most likely to make when you realize what you've done?

A) I need to be more alert.
B) Traffic is heavy today.
C) I wish I were home.
D) Gosh, I didn't see that car.

Question 12

You're driving down the freeway and someone cuts you off. According to attribution theory, which statement are you most likely to make in response?

A) What a jerk! Watch where you're going.
B) Gosh, I didn't see that car.
C) Traffic is heavy today.
D) I wish I were home.

Question 13

Your friend Melissa forgot your birthday. According to attribution theory, which statement are you most likely to think to in response?

A) She must be really busy.
B) It doesn't matter. I don't like birthdays, anyway.
C) She knew it was important to me. She's a bad friend.
D) Maybe I'll hear from her tomorrow.

Question 14

_____ theory argues that we tend to minimize personal responsibility for what we do poorly.

A) Attribution
B) Implicit personality
C) Collectivist cultural
D) Symbolic interactionism

Question 15

_____ theory argues that we tend to take more credit for what we've done than we probably deserve.

A) Implicit personality
B) Attribution
C) Collectivist cultural
D) Symbolic interactionism

Question 16

_____ theory argues that we tend to assume people have many positive traits if we know that they have a few positive traits.

A) Symbolic interactionism
B) Attribution
C) Collectivist cultural
D) Implicit personality

Question 17

You've interviewed someone for a job. The person is a perfect match of skills and enthusiasm for the position. In a background check, you discover that he or she was fired from a previous position because of an office affair. According to implicit personality theory, you will

A) decide not to offer the person a position
B) offer the position but make sure he or she knows you won't tolerate such behavior
C) ask your friends what to do
D) offer the position and hope for the best

Question 18

Which statement is not true of collectivistic cultures?

A) they expect to take care of their members
B) friendships are long-lasting
C) they believe people are responsible for their own misfortunes
D) group memberships are limited

Question 19

Which statement is not true of individualist cultures?

A) members are self-reliant and competitive
B) members believe they should be rewarded for personal achievement
C) group membership is flexible
D) friendships are long-lasting

Question 20

Which statement is not true of co-cultures?

A) they share the same values and beliefs as the dominant culture
B) they are based on factors such as ethnicity and sexual orientation
C) co-cultural beliefs can affect a work group's communication and sense of success
D) their values and beliefs may be very different from the dominant culture

Question 21

_____ is the degree to which you adjust your behavior to situational demands.

A) Self-image
B) Self-monitoring
C) Self-esteem
D) Self-concept

Question 22

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects for a person
-I have been making quilts for 20. years.

A) self-image
B) self-esteem
C) self-concept

Question 23

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects for a person
-My students think I am a very good quilting teacher.

A) self-image
B) self-esteem
C) self-concept

Question 24

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects for a person
-I am very good at making quilts.

A) self-image
B) self-esteem
C) self-concept

Question 25

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects for a person
-I teach quilting at a local fabric store.

A) self-image
B) self-esteem
C) self-concept

Question 26

Which of the following statements is not true of the relationship between social media, perception, and self-concept?

A) the more friends a person has on Facebook, the more popular that person is perceived to be
B) we can enhance our feelings of self-esteem by reviewing our Facebook profile
C) people generally put socially desirable information about themselves on social networking sites
D) we are not very deliberate about what we include on social networking sites

Question 27

_____ theory argues that our view of ourselves is affected by the people with whom we communicate.

A) Symbolic interactionism
B) Attribution
C) Collectivist cultural
D) Implicit personality

Question 28

_____ occurs when we respond positively to the high expectations others have of us.

A) Social comparison
B) Self-efficacy
C) The halo effect
D) The Pygmalion effect

Question 29

Research indicates that _____ is an important determinant of our self-perception.

A) social comparison
B) self-efficacy
C) the halo effect
D) the Pygmalion effect

Question 30

Belief in one's ability to handle different situations one might face is

A) self-esteem
B) self-concept
C) self-image
D) self-efficacy

Question 31

A way to make sure we are not assuming everyone agrees with us is to use

A) a perception check
B) the Pygmalion effect
C) a request for feedback
D) self-monitoring

Question 32

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects
-You left hours ago.

A) fact
B) inference
C) request for feedback

Question 33

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects
-I thought you were only leaving for a few minutes. Is something wrong?

A) fact
B) inference
C) request for feedback

Question 34

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects
-What on earth have you been doing?

A) fact
B) inference
C) request for feedback

Question 35

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects
-Should I worry when you're gone longer than you say you will be?

A) fact
B) inference
C) request for feedback

Question 36

For the following statements, indicate what it reflects
-You've been gone three hours.

A) fact
B) inference
C) request for feedback

Question 37

If our perception is accurate others' must be inaccurate.

Question 38

If we have a healthy self-concept, the way others respond to us won't matter.

Question 39

A healthy self-concept consists of both positive and negative information about ourselves.

Question 40

A person must give up his or her right to self-expression in order to be civil.

Question 41

Organization is the first step in the perception process.

Question 42

Perception is affected by salience and vividness.

Question 43

The concept of expectancy explains why you can read your term paper three times and miss a misspelled word or an incomplete sentence.

Question 44

Stereotypes are an important part of the perception process.

Question 45

Men and women use social networking sites for different reasons.

Question 46

When you drive down the freeway and cut someone off, fundamental attribution theory predicts you'll say it's because you didn't see the other car rather than it's because you're an inattentive driver.

Question 47

The self-serving bias predicts that, when you do poorly on a test, you will say it's because you didn't study hard enough.

Question 48

The reason that manufacturers use celebrity endorsements of their products is because they believe the Pygmalion effect will help sell their products.

Question 49

Individualistic cultures are much less likely to blame an individual for being homeless.

Question 50

A person who joined a sorority or fraternity expecting that the group would come first and that she or he would be supported by and cared for by the group probably comes from a collectivist culture.

Question 51

A sub-culture is a group within a larger dominant culture that has its own values and beliefs.

Question 52

Every talent we believe we possess positively impacts our self-esteem.

Question 53

People with over 1000. friends on Facebook are considered very popular.

Question 54

Reviewing and editing your information on Facebook is a good way to start feeling depressed.

Question 55

Social comparison predicts that if you take a motorcycle class and feel clumsy, you'll feel better if you can see someone who is riding more poorly than you are.

Question 56

Role models are important in our lives because they increase our feelings of self-esteem.

Question 57

When teachers tell you that they know you can perform at a much higher level than you currently are delivering, they are depending on the Pygmalion effect to improve your performance.

Question 58

Other people's comments have no effect on our self-image.

Question 59

People from the same culture generally perceive things similarly.

Question 60

"I guess you're just too busy to help with the housework" is an appropriately stated perception check.

Question 61

A perception check is independently verifiable by others.

Question 62

Identify and define the stages in the perception process.

Question 63

Define schema and give three examples of schemas.

Question 64

What is the halo effect? Describe a situation that reflects it.

Question 65

Define implicit personality theory and give an example of how it might influence your behavior.

Question 66

Define co-culture and provide two specific examples of it.

Question 67

Define self-image and self-esteem and explain how they are related to self-concept.

Question 68

Explain how a person projects an image of himself or herself through the use of a social networking site such as Facebook. What kinds of things will influence others' perceptions?

Question 69

Define social comparison and demonstrate how you might use it to inform your self-concept.

Question 70

Define self-efficacy and describe the impact it has on our behavior.

Question 71

Identify the three elements of perception checking and demonstrate how you might use them in a particular situation you describe.

Question 72

Explain why perception and self-concept are linked to civility. Your answer should include definitions of perception, self-concept, and civility.

Question 73

Briefly describe a friend of yours. Compare and contrast how attribution theory and implicit personality theory lead you to describe your friend in that way. Your answer should include definitions of the theories.

Question 74

Briefly describe your self-concept. Apply symbolic interactionism theory and explain how the processes of the Pygmalion effect and social comparison contributed to your self-concept. Your answer should include definitions of the theory and processes.