Deck 8: Behavioral Counseling

Question 1

The psychologist who came to be known as the father of behaviorism was

A) Ivan Pavlov.
B) John B. Watson.
C) Edward L. Thorndike.
D) B. F. Skinner.
E) Albert Bandura.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A person learns voluntary behavior through

A) operant conditioning.
B) operational conditioning.
C) classical conditioning.
D) None of the above
E) Both B and C

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Receiving a paycheck at the end of every month is an example of

A) positive reinforcement.
B) continuous reinforcement.
C) intermittent reinforcement.
D) anticipated intermittent reinforcemen
E) regular intermittent reinforcement.

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Which of the following is not a possible example of classical conditioning?

A) A person salivates after viewing McDonald's golden arches
B) A person salivates after taking a sip of soda.
C) A person salivates after seeing a Coca Cola billboard.
D) A person salivates after watching a pizza commercial.
E) All of the above are possible examples of classical conditioning.

Question 5

Mary developed a phobia of all spiders after almost dying from a black widow spider bite. From a behavioral perspective, spiders would be identified as the

A) unconditioned stimulus.
B) involuntary stimulus.
C) conditioned stimulus.
D) voluntary stimulus.
E) none of the above

Question 6

When Mary now encounters a spider and becomes fearful, this fear is identified by behaviorists as a/an

A) voluntary response.
B) conditioned response.
C) conditioned response.
D) unconditioned response.
E) none of the above

Question 7

Mary's tendency to respond to all spiders with fear is known by behaviorists as

A) catastrophic thinking.
B) irrational behavior.
C) lack of awareness.
D) generalization.
E) extinguishing contingency.

Question 8

The term "technical eclecticism" was coined by the theorist

A) Alfred Adler
B) B.F. Skinner
C) Albert Bandura
D) Edward Thorndike
E) Arnold Lazarus

Question 9

Which of the following does not describe a behavioral counselor?

A) Warm
B) Active
C) Genuine
D) Directive
E) All of the above characteristics do describe a behavioral counselor.

Question 10

Which of the following is not considered a contribution of behavioral counseling?

A) It is highly favored by managed care because of its brevity.
B) It is possible to incorporate strategies that originated outside of behaviorism into a behavioral approach.
C) It has provided specific treatment procedures for many types of client concerns.
D) It addresses the domain of spiritual experiences.
E) All of the above

Question 11

A counselor employing the change strategy of systematic desensitization uses a SUDs scale. "SUDs" stand for

A) Subjective Units of Desensitization.
B) Systematic Units of Depression.
C) Subjective Units of Deescalation
D) Subjective Units of Distress.
E) Subjective Units of Demonstration

Question 12

The principles of operant conditioning were developed by

A) Ivan Pavlov.
B) John B. Watson.
C) Edward L. Thorndike.
D) B. F. Skinner.
E) Both C and D

Question 13

The process of thinking about and working with behavior not as a whole but in terms of its component parts is

A) condensation.
B) determinism.
C) reductionism.
D) empiricism
E) phenomenology

Question 14

Making inferences about human behavior from results of research on lower animal behavior rests on the principle of

A) generalization.
B) evolutionary continuity.
C) universalism.
D) evolutionary relativism.
E) none of the above

Question 15

From a behavioral perspective, people seek counseling because of

A) problems in living.
B) mental illness.
C) a lack of social interest.
D) incongruence.
E) polarity imbalance.

Question 16

Which of the following does not accurately describe client and counselor roles in behavioral counseling?

A) The client usually follows the process the counselor recommends.
B) The counselor determines the goals of counseling.
C) Throughout counseling, the client informs the counselor of any behavior changes.
D) The counselor confronts clients with discrepancies the counselor notices.
E) Behaviorists consider the therapeutic relationship to be very important.

Question 17

Which of the following change strategies is not based on operant conditioning?

A) Modeling
B) Behavioral rehearsal
C) Flooding
D) Time out
E) Response Cost

Question 18

Which of the following would be the most appropriate technique when working with a person with a phobia of heights?

A) Punishment
B) Token Economy
C) Modeling
D) Aversion therapy
E) Flooding

Question 19

According to behaviorists, a person with problems in living

A) does not implement learned behaviors.
B) has learned behaviors that result only occasionally in positive reinforcement and often in aversive consequences.
C) has failed to learn any behaviors that result in reinforcement.
D) All of the above
E) B and C only