Deck 16: Sexual Disorders

Question 1

_______ pertaining to sexual performance is a prime cause for sexual dysfunction.

A) Excitement
B) Anxiety
C) Conversation
D) Anticipation
E) Expectation

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In the NHSLS survey, _______ was the sexual problem most common in women; _______ was the sexual problem most common in men.

A) low interest in sex; anxiety about performance
B) inability to reach orgasm; anxiety about performance
C) pain during sex; climaxing too early
D) unpleasurable sex; climaxing too early
E) low interest in sex; climaxing too early

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which of the following is not a common sexual problem in women?

A) Premature orgasm
B) Lack of interest in sex
C) Decreased vaginal lubrication
D) Lack of sexual pleasure
E) Inability to experience orgasm during coitus

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A person who is having sexual problems related to anxiety about performance is most likely _______; a person having trouble due to insufficient desire to have sex is most likely _______.

A) female; female
B) male; female
C) female; male
D) male; male
E) male; either female or male

Question 5

The leading sexual disorder in men is

A) erectile dysfunction.
B) premature ejaculation.
C) performance anxiety.
D) lack of interest in sex.
E) irrational obsession about penis size.

Question 6

Sensate focus is a sex therapy technique that begins with

A) French kissing.
B) coitus.
C) masturbation.
D) touching exercises.
E) fellatio.

Question 7

Which of the following is most important in sensate focus?

A) Focusing on your partner's pleasure
B) Internally verbalizing what you're doing
C) Taking your time
D) The progression from touch to genital pleasure
E) Spending equal time on all erogenous zones

Question 8

Practicing Kegel exercises likely improves all of the following except

A) the experience of sexual arousal.
B) the intensity of orgasms.
C) orgasmic pleasure.
D) sexual desire.
E) urinary control.

Question 9

Linda has never experienced sexual desire. Janet has recently lost all sexual desire for her partner. Susan lacks sexual desire for her husband but has intense sexual desire for her lover. Linda's problem is _______; Janet's is _______; and Susan's is _______.

A) innate; learned; situational
B) primary; secondary; situational
C) primary; acquired; cyclical
D) innate; acquired; cyclical
E) primary; secondary; cyclical

Question 10

_______ exercises may improve sexual function in women and men.

A) Pilates
B) Yoga
C) Water
D) Kegel
E) Core strength

Question 11

A man who has never experienced a penile erection sufficient for penetration would be diagnosed with _______ erectile dysfunction.

A) serious
B) acute
C) primary
D) chronic
E) secondary

Question 12

Which of the following does not suggest that a man is experiencing premature ejaculation?

A) He cannot thrust as long as he wants without reaching orgasm.
B) He usually ejaculates less than 30 seconds after beginning coitus.
C) He is upset because he has orgasms earlier than he would like to.
D) He ejaculates early most times he has sex.
E) He often ejaculates before his penis enters his partner.

Question 13

The International Society for Sexual Medicine defines premature ejaculation as ejaculation within _______ of beginning coitus.

A) 15 seconds
B) 30 seconds
C) 1 minute
D) 5 minutes
E) 10 minutes

Question 14

Premature ejaculation must be _______ to merit a diagnosis.

A) persistent
B) situational
C) primary
D) secondary
E) a new experience

Question 15

Masters and Johnson believed that premature ejaculation resulted from

A) hormonal disorders.
B) learning.
C) genital malformations.
D) infertility.
E) habituation.

Question 16

Which of the following is most effective in preventing premature ejaculation?

A) Masturbating to orgasm before engaging in partnered sex
B) Engaging in cognitive distraction during sex
C) SSRI antidepressants
D) Non-SSRI antidepressants
E) Circumcision

Question 17

_______ is an effective treatment for premature ejaculation in some men.

A) Paroxetine
B) Sildenafil
C) Estradiol
D) Metronidazole
E) Cyproterone acetate

Question 18

Stop-start sex therapy is designed to

A) help a man delay ejaculation.
B) help a man achieve ejaculation.
C) help a man delay erection.
D) help a man achieve erection.
E) tease a partner.

Question 19

Progression to coitus happens at the _______ stage of the stop-start method of sex therapy.

A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth
E) fifth

Question 20

Which of the following is not linked to delayed ejaculation in men?

A) Use of Viagra
B) Antidepressant medication
C) Ineffective sexual stimulation
D) Major tranquilizers
E) Neurological damage

Question 21

Delayed ejaculation can be caused by _______ damage.

A) testicular
B) neurological
C) gonadal
D) penile
E) prostate

Question 22

When delayed ejaculation is due to antidepressant use, it may be effectively treated by treatment with

A) sildenafil.
B) prostaglandin E₁.
C) testosterone.
D) DHT.
E) estradiol.

Question 23

A man has been having difficulties getting and maintaining an erection with his partner. A psychological (as opposed to physical) explanation of his problem would be supported by which of the following?

A) He is 25 years old.
B) He does not get erections during sleep.
C) He is a heavy drug user.
D) Both a and c
E) All of the above

Question 24

A man has been having difficulties getting and maintaining an erection with his partner. A physical (as opposed to psychological) explanation of his problem would be supported by which of the following?

A) He is 25 years old.
B) He does not get erections during sleep.
C) He is a heavy drug user.
D) Both b and c
E) All of the above

Question 25

An example of the interplay of physical and psychological causation of erectile dysfunction is the case of a male

A) aged 60 whose diabetes causes erectile dysfunction which causes unhappiness.
B) aged 55 who has needed increasing penile stimulation with age, who has trouble getting an erection one night, and then starts having anxiety whenever he wants to have sex, causing erectile dysfunction.
C) aged 20 who fails to achieve an erection on a date because he is drunk.
D) aged l8 who has never had an erection.
E) All of the above

Question 26

As men age, they are increasingly likely to experience

A) transvestism.
B) premature ejaculation.
C) sadism.
D) exhibitionism.
E) erectile dysfunction.

Question 27

Erectile dysfunction affects a majority of men over the age of _______ years.

A) 30
B) 40
C) 50
D) 60
E) 70

Question 28

The absence of erections during sleep suggests a(n) _______ cause for erectile dysfunction.

A) organic
B) psychological
C) anxiety
D) paraphilic
E) depressive

Question 29

Ideally, erectile dysfunction should be evaluated by both a _______ and a _______.

A) urologist, mental health specialist
B) gynecologist; mental health specialist
C) urologist; gynecologist
D) family counselor; minister
E) family counselor; priest

Question 30

Drugs like Viagra and Cialis work by

A) causing sexual arousal, which causes the release of nitric oxide, which causes erection.
B) strengthening the nerve pathway involved in erection, leading to increased nitric oxide, leading to erection.
C) increasing the responsiveness of the erectile tissue to nitric oxide, leading to erection in the presence of sexual arousal.
D) altering the relative pressure in the corpora cavernosa, leading to nitric oxide release, leading to erection.
E) releasing nitric oxide, causing repair of nerves and leading to erection.

Question 31

_______ is the neurotransmitter that is primarily responsible for penile erection.

A) Testosterone
B) DHT
C) Prostaglandin
D) Nitric oxide
E) SSRI

Question 32

For Viagra to produce an erection, _______ must also be present.

A) FSH
B) estradiol
C) DHT
D) a partner
E) sexual excitation

Question 33

_______ is a long-acting medication used to treat erectile dysfunction.

A) Viagra
B) Tadalafil
C) Sildenafil
D) Levitra
E) Vardenafil

Question 34

Men who have experienced _______ surgery may not benefit from Viagra-class drugs.

A) prostate
B) abdominal
C) cardiac
D) pancreatic
E) pelvic

Question 35

A common objective in sex therapy for erectile dysfunction is to reduce

A) depression.
B) anxiety.
C) addiction.
D) compulsion.
E) relationship abuse.

Question 36

When used by healthy men, Viagra

A) has identical effects on erection that it does with men with erectile dysfunction.
B) has even great effects on erection than it does with men with erectile dysfunction.
C) improves the quality of erections but not orgasm.
D) improves the quality of orgasm but not erection.
E) decreases their refractory period.

Question 37

Men do not have to be sexually aroused for _______ to produce an erection.

A) Viagra
B) Tadalafil
C) prostaglandin E₁
D) testosterone
E) DHT

Question 38

Injection of _______ directly into the penis produces an erection within minutes.

A) sildenafil
B) Viagra
C) prostaglandin
D) testosterone
E) estrogen

Question 39

_______ is(are) a safe, effective, and inexpensive treatment for erectile dysfunction.

A) Prostaglandin E₁
B) Sildenafil
C) Penile implants
D) Vacuum constriction systems
E) Cialis

Question 40

Vacuum constriction is a mechanical aid for achieving

A) lubrication.
B) orgasm.
C) climacteric.
D) ejaculation.
E) erection.

Question 41

_______ aims to change the unrealistic expectations that some men have that lead to erectile difficulties.

A) Sensate focus
B) Cognitive therapy
C) Focusing on relationship issues in therapy
D) The squeeze technique
E) Biofeedback

Question 42

According to a NHSLS study, approximately _______% of men complain of pain during sexual activity.

A) 1
B) 3
C) 7
D) 13
E) 18

Question 43

Pain during coitus is called _______ and can occur in women and in men.

A) vaginismus
B) dyspareunia
C) dry orgasm
D) wet orgasm
E) primary ED

Question 44

Insufficient vaginal lubrication in postmenopausal women often responds to _______ treatment.

A) psychotherapy
B) stop-start
C) start-stop
D) sildenafil
E) hormonal

Question 45

Which of the following is not a symptom of female arousal disorder?

A) Insufficient vaginal lubrication
B) Insufficient clitoral enlargement
C) Insufficient engorgement of the vaginal walls
D) Unwanted physiological arousal
E) Vaginal pain

Question 46

Clitoral erectile dysfunction can be caused by diseases that restrict blood vessels supplying the

A) male genitalia.
B) female genitalia.
C) ovaries.
D) vagina.
E) uterus.

Question 47

_______ during sex is a common complaint of postmenopausal women.

A) Lack of orgasm
B) Vaginismus
C) Lack of communication
D) Lack of vaginal lubrication
E) Hot flashes

Question 48

Erectile dysfunction is usually associated with men, but some women experience failure of _______ erections.

A) ovarian
B) uterine
C) clitoral
D) labial
E) vulvar

Question 49

Which of the following has shown large, robust effects in treating female sexual arousal disorder?

A) Sildenafil
B) Zestra (botanical massage oil) applied to the vulva
C) Zestra (botanical massage oil) applied to the clitoris
D) A vacuum pump applied to the clitoris
E) None of the above

Question 50

Long-lasting physiological arousal that is not accompanied by sexual arousal or pleasure is called

A) dyspareunia.
B) vaginismus.
C) persistent genital arousal disorder.
D) impotence.
E) delayed ejaculation.

Question 51

Vaginal _______ is thinning of the vaginal walls.

A) scarring
B) stretching
C) episiotomy
D) atrophy
E) malformation

Question 52

A developmental cause of dyspareunia in women is

A) allergic reactions to latex.
B) scars from episiotomy.
C) age-associated vaginal atrophy.
D) a persistent unruptured hymen.
E) vaginismus.

Question 53

Depending on its cause, female genital pain may be effectively treated by any one of the following except

A) hormones.
B) vaginal dilators.
C) psychotherapy.
D) polyurethane condoms.
E) directed masturbation.

Question 54

Which of the following may be as likely to be a result as a cause of dyspareunia in women?

A) Latex allergies
B) Vulvar vestibulitis
C) STDs
D) Relationship difficulties
E) Insufficient genital arousal

Question 55

Vaginismus is thought to occur when _______ muscles of the vagina spasm.

A) uterine
B) cervical
C) unstriated
D) smooth
E) striated

Question 56

Some researchers believe that vaginismus represents an aversion to _______ stemming from early traumatic experiences.

A) masturbation
B) coitus
C) birth
D) fellatio
E) cunnilingus

Question 57

A mix of _______ and _______ is currently favored for treating vaginismus.

A) sex therapy; testosterone
B) sildenafil; estradiol
C) sex therapy; sildenafil
D) psychotherapy; sex therapy
E) psychotherapy; estradiol

Question 58

Which of the following statements about vaginismus and dyspareunia is true?

A) They rarely occur together.
B) Only vaginismus is associated with avoidance of intercourse.
C) Some sex therapists think that vaginismus has more of a psychological cause.
D) Both b and c
E) All of the above

Question 59

Vaginal dilators are used to treat which of the following disorders in women?

A) Dyspareunia
B) Vaginismus
C) Anorgasmia
D) Low sexual desire
E) Hypersexuality

Question 60

Approximately _______% of U.S. women have never experienced orgasm.

A) 15
B) 25
C) 35
D) 45
E) 55

Question 61

According to a NHSLS study, approximately _______% of women said that they did not always experience orgasm during sex with a regular partner.

A) 10
B) 30
C) 50
D) 70
E) 90

Question 62

The _______ is a variation of the man-above sexual position and increases clitoral stimulation.

A) start-stop technique
B) reverse cowboy position
C) coital alignment technique
D) woman-above position
E) 69 technique

Question 63

Directed masturbation programs are most effective at helping women to reach orgasm during

A) cunnilingus.
B) fellatio.
C) coitus.
D) masturbation.
E) petting.

Question 64

The coital alignment technique for treatment of female arousal disorder

A) provides more stimulation to the clitoris than other coital positions.
B) provides dramatic improvement in female orgasm rates, according to a study conducted by its inventor.
C) has not shown sustained, replicable success in clinical research.
D) Both a and b
E) All of the above

Question 65

According to NHSLS data, _______ women say they do not masturbate.

A) young
B) old
C) married
D) single
E) more than half of

Question 66

Directed masturbation programs work best for women with _______ anorgasmia.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) situational
D) innate
E) psychogenic

Question 67

In a study of reasons for faking orgasms, which of the following was not mentioned as a reason?

A) The respondent did not believe that s/he would have an orgasm.
B) The respondent wished sex to end.
C) The respondent had never had an orgasm and therefore did not expect to have one.
D) The respondent didn't want to hurt the partner's feelings.
E) Both c and d

Question 68

When one person in a couple has more interest in sex than his or her partner, the couple is experiencing _______ desire.

A) hyposexual
B) hypersexual
C) discrepant sexual
D) start-stop
E) dystonic sexual

Question 69

Hypersexuality can be caused by all of the following except

A) dementia.
B) psychoses.
C) epilepsy.
D) alcohol.
E) puberty.

Question 70

Some scientists hesitate to conceive of hypersexuality as sexual "addiction" because

A) hypersexuality lacks the craving common to addiction.
B) hypersexual behavior, but not substance addiction, involves a ritualized search for the "addictive" goal.
C) hypersexuality is associated with guilt, but substance addiction is not.
D) sexual addiction does not involve the same neurological system as substance addiction.
E) All of the above

Question 71

Which of the following is evidence that hypersexuality should be considered compulsive sexual behavior?

A) It is experienced as against a person's will.
B) People with hypersexuality are unable to stop despite the self-destructive nature of their behavior.
C) It responds to SSRI medication.
D) Both a and b
E) All of the above

Question 72

In women, lack of desire for sex and an inability to have orgasm

A) are far more common than any diagnosable disorder associated with these traits.
B) are both treated with sensate focus.
C) are particularly common complaints among lesbians.
D) Both a and c
E) All of the above

Question 73

A study of the effect of changing men's testosterone levels on their sexual desire showed that

A) there was little change.
B) increasing testosterone to high levels increased sexual desire.
C) there was a constant linear effect of decreasing testosterone on sexual desire.
D) decreasing testosterone slightly decreased sexual arousal substantially.
E) only decreasing testosterone substantially lowered sexual desire.

Question 74

Lack of interest in sex is more common in _______ than in _______.

A) men; women
B) women; men
C) adolescents; adults
D) gays; lesbians
E) heterosexual women; homosexual women

Question 75

_______ plays a significant role in sexual desire in men.

A) Testosterone
B) Prostaglandin
C) Sildenafil
D) Viagra
E) Progesterone

Question 76

Which of the following is the least reliable or diagnostically helpful information when a woman is being assessed for hypoactive sexual desire?

A) Frequency of masturbation (among women who engage in masturbation)
B) Frequency of sex with a partner
C) Frequency of desire for sex
D) Frequency of sexual fantasies
E) Both a and d

Question 77

_______ couples in long-term relationships are especially likely to lose interest in sex.

A) Teenage
B) Gay male
C) Lesbian
D) Engaged
E) Interracial

Question 78

The positive effect of hormone therapy on hypoactive sexual desire in women is probably due to

A) estrogen's reduction of depression.
B) the effect of estrogens on the brain.
C) estrogen's effect on the genitals.
D) Both b and c
E) All of the above

Question 79

Therapists who believe Rosemary Basson's theory of female sexual arousal are more likely than other therapists to recommend

A) that women not engage in sex unless they are aroused.
B) that women sometimes initiate sex even if they are not aroused.
C) that women teach their partners what is arousing to them.
D) use of lubricants and hormones.
E) sensate focus.

Question 80

According to a feminist-oriented working group of sex-knowledgeable professionals, _______ factors are a neglected potential cause of sexual problems.

A) medical
B) psychological
C) relationship
D) sociocultural, political, and economic
E) communication