Deck 14: The Civil War

Question 1

Following Lincoln's election

A)the desire of the southern states to secede was unanimous.
B)most representatives of the Upper South wished to negotiate.
C)northerners pushed for a war because it would be economically advantageous to their industries.
D)the majority of northerners wanted to protect slavery in the territories.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Advantages of the North at the beginning of the Civil War included?

A)the availability of qualified generals.
B)overwhelming European support.
C)the ability to fight a defensive war.
D)its access to supplies.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Why did southerners believe that the Civil War would be short?

A)They had a better equipped military.
B)They had a bigger incentive to win.
C)The French and British would quickly recognize their independence as a separate nation.
D)Their population was larger.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Why did the Democratic committee split over the presidential nominee in 1860?

A)Stephen Douglas refused to adopt a slave code.
B)Northern democrats wanted a strict enforcer of the Constitution.
C)Southern Democrats wanted a candidate who would not oppose secession.
D)Western Democrats were interested in a candidate who would support land grants.

Question 5

Why did Republicans decide on Lincoln as their nominee?

A)He was well known nationally.
B)He had an impressive political track record.
C)He was a wealthy easterner.
D)He did well in the 1858 senatorial campaign.

Question 6

Which group of immigrants were the first to enlist on the Union side?

A)English
B)French
C)Italians
D)Irish

Question 7

Which of the following most clearly expresses Lincoln's views on slavery when he was elected?

A)The states had a right to regulate slavery but Congress did not.
B)He was an abolitionist.
C)Existing states had a constitutional right to retain slavery.
D)Congress had the authority to regulate slavery.

Question 8

What steps did Congress take regarding the secession of the southern states?

A)Congress remained neutral.
B)Congress immediately passed a declaration of war following South Carolina's secession.
C)Congress passed an amendment guaranteeing slavery where it existed.
D)Congress passed an amendment declaring slavery illegal in all states and territories.

Question 9

Where did the Seven Days Campaign occur?

A)Along the Mississippi River
B)Along the James River
C)In Charleston
D)In eastern Pennsylvania

Question 10

What were Sam Houston's actions regarding secession?

A)He attempted to block Texas's secession convention.
B)He opposed it because Texas risked losing its status.
C)He supported secession as the only way to resolve the issue of slavery.
D)He supported secession as a way to avoid all-out war.

Question 11

What finally forced the undecided states of the Upper South to choose sides?

A)Lincoln's election
B)Declaration of Causes
C)Lincoln's calling up the militia
D)The election of Jefferson Davis

Question 12

Which of the following border states remained loyal to the Union?

A)Maryland
B)Tennessee
C)Arkansas
D)Virginia

Question 13

What advantage did the South have over the North at the beginning of the Civil War?

A)larger population of men eligible to fight
B)geographic advantage
C)commercial allies
D)foreign allies

Question 14

What percentage of northern officers left the Union to join the Confederacy at the beginning of the war?

A)25%
B)33%
C)50%
D)83%

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the Battle of Bull Run?

A)It was a victory for the North.
B)It was a victory for the South.
C)It was a draw.
D)Not much blood was shed.

Question 16

Lincoln chose General ________ to command the western forces.

A)Scott
B)Grant
C)McClellan
D)Burnside

Question 17

In general, what was the attitude of most northerners toward slavery?

A)They abhorred the notion of slavery.
B)Most northerners were radical abolitionists.
C)Northerners were more interested in punishing slaveholders than helping slaves.
D)The issue of slavery was not part of either political party's platform.

Question 18

Which of the following was one of the first actions taken by the newly formed Confederate government?

A)reinforced social divisions
B)banned political parties
C)discouraged European intervention
D)successfully engaged British support

Question 19

How did the incident involving the British ship Trent affect Civil War strategy?

A)It was an advantage for the Confederacy because it worsened relations between the North and Great Britain.
B)It resulted in an alliance between the South and Great Britain.
C)It discouraged European involvement.
D)Its resolution prevented a permanent break between the North and Great Britain.

Question 20

What was the result of the South's "King Cotton diplomacy"?

A)It was very effective in gaining French and British support for the South.
B)It was successful in gaining French support but not British support.
C)It failed because France and Great Britain had stockpiles of cotton.
D)It failed because cotton was no longer used by French and British manufacturing.

Question 21

What encouraged some British statesmen to initially support southern efforts?

A)They needed southern cotton.
B)The British sold much of their machinery to southern farmers.
C)The Confederates were winning major victories.
D)They believed the Confederates had successfully established a new nation.

Question 22

What was the outcome of the second battle of Manassas in 1862?

A)It was a major victory for the north.
B)It gave General Lee the ability to march northward.
C)It made a hero out of General John Pope.
D)Neither side gained an advantage.

Question 23

Why was the battle of Sharpsburg significant?

A)It caused Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
B)It was a clear-cut victory for the North.
C)Casualties were minimal.
D)McClellan successfully stopped Lee's army from advancing.

Question 24

In what year did the Emancipation Proclamation take effect?

A)1862
B)1863
C)1864
D)1865

Question 25

What area was given the name of "no man's land"?

A)Territories not controlled by either side but often raided
B)The area between the front lines of both sides
C)Heavily wooded areas where it was difficult to send supply wagons
D)Areas that suffered the most destruction

Question 26

Which of the following battles proved to whites that black men were capable soldiers?

A)Bull Run in Virginia.
B)Fort Henry on the Tennessee River.
C)Ft. Wagner in Charleston Harbor.
D)Ft. Donelson on the Cumberland River.

Question 27

What was the main reason for the New York City Draft Riots?

A)Servicemen were protesting unfair treatment of draftees.
B)Young men targeted Democratic leaders in New York City.
C)White draftees protested military service with blacks.
D)It concerned age discrimination in the military.

Question 28

What was the status of black recruits in the Union Army?

A)White soldiers were grateful for the added manpower.
B)There was little discrimination once black soldiers proved themselves in battle.
C)Blacks were limited in the rank they could achieve.
D)White servicemen refused to fight alongside black recruits.

Question 29

When did the final surrender of the Civil War occur?

A)January, 1864
B)December, 1864
C)April, 1865
D)June, 1865

Question 30

Why was the election of 1860 unusual?

A)All the candidates had the same platform.
B)All candidates were from the same geographic area of the country.
C)There were four candidates running for president.
D)All candidates were major political leaders.

Question 31

Lincoln's platform can best be described as

A)conservative.
B)liberal.
C)moderate.
D)radical.

Question 32

Which of the following statements best describes the position of Democrats during the Civil War?

A)Most Democrats felt Lincoln supported black causes over those of whites.
B)They were concerned Lincoln was too conservative regarding black rights.
C)Democrats gathered strength as the war progressed.
D)They agreed with emancipation but not equality in social rights.

Question 33

Of all of the presidential candidates in 1860, who was considered the most radical by his party?

A)Chase
B)Breckenridge
C)Bell
D)Lincoln

Question 34

What percent of the popular vote did Lincoln capture in the 1860 election?

A)20%
B)40%
C)50%
D)60%

Question 35

In Lincoln's First Inaugural Address in March of 1861, he

A)challenged southerners to defy his election
B)tried to appeal to the South's sense of loyalty.
C)antagonized the South with direct and blunt rhetoric.
D)ignored the issue of southern discontent.

Question 36

Following Lincoln's election, which state was the first to secede?

A)South Carolina
B)North Carolina
C)Georgia
D)Virginia

Question 37

What was Buchanan's reaction to the secession crisis?

A)He condemned southern actions and proposed legislation to stop secession.
B)He agreed with the South's right to secede.
C)He publically condemned the action but did nothing to stop it.
D)He took a "hands off" approach.

Question 38

Which of the following events led to the immediate declaration of war?

A)Lincoln's election
B)South Carolina's secession
C)Congress's passage of legislation denouncing secession
D)The crisis at Ft. Sumter

Question 39

Initially, the strategy of the North included:

A)treating the people of the South as citizens.
B)burn and destroy tactics.
C)ensuring that major battles occurred in the North.
D)confiscating all southern property.

Question 40

Which of the following best describes the strategy proposed by Gen. Winfield Scott?

A)direct one-on-one approach
B)surround and constrict
C)search and destroy
D)attack and retreat

Question 41

General Grant's capture of Forts _________ and Donelson gave the Union forces access to Tennessee.

A)Shiloh
B)Sumter
C)Henry
D)Anderson

Question 42

Which of the following was a result of the Peninsula Campaign?

A)intense criticism of Lee as commander
B)a major Union victory
C)the capture of Richmond
D)the weakening of slavery

Question 43

How did Union General Butler treat runaway slaves?

A)as contraband
B)returned them to their owners
C)held them for ransom
D)forced them to fight for the Union cause

Question 44

Which of the following was an unintended consequence of the Civil War?

A)stronger bonds between native-born Americans and European immigrants
B)class conflict
C)increase in the power of the southern aristocracy
D)healing of old family feuds

Question 45

Why was the Emancipation Proclamation so important to the northern effort in the Civil War?

A)It freed all slaves in the North and South.
B)It gave the North additional sources of recruits.
C)It disrupted southern society.
D)It prevented the British and French from supporting the South.

Question 46

What was the purpose of the contraband camps?

A)They were a storage place for all confiscated military property.
B)Smuggled goods from Confederate ships were stored there.
C)They were used as housing for runaway slaves.
D)They were used as housing for prisoners of war.

Question 47

In what year were blacks first allowed to officially enlist in the Union forces?

A)1860
B)1861
C)1862
D)1863

Question 48

How did the opinion of northern soldiers change towards slavery as the war progressed?

A)There was more support for slaveholders.
B)There was less support for slavery but not full emancipation.
C)Ending slavery became more of a reason to win the war.
D)It didn't change.

Question 49

What was one of the major concerns Lincoln had when he issued the Emancipation Proclamation?

A)where to house all the freed slaves
B)how it would affect foreign support of the Union
C)how it would affect border states
D)the adjustment of slaves to northern society

Question 50

What made Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation different from similar documents issued previously?

A)It proposed immediate emancipation of female slaves only.
B)It called for a gradual process.
C)He was the first major world leader to issue this type of document.
D)It defined slavery as a federal, not state, issue.

Question 51

What was one of the reasons why the South opposed the draft?

A)It automatically re-enlisted men for 3 years.
B)It exempted all members of the upper class.
C)It wasn't necessary since there were adequate number of enlistees.
D)It had previously been declared illegal.

Question 52

What prevented the North from attaining an immediate victory in the Civil War?

A)lack of money
B)lack of supplies
C)lack of manpower
D)lack of qualified generals

Question 53

Why did Union forces resort to the destruction of property as a military tactic?

A)The need for supplies
B)Because of the fierce resistance by Confederate civilians
C)To completely destroy the southern way of life
D)As a show of force to prove their superior power

Question 54

One of the problems the Union had with its victories was

A)replacing recruits.
B)replenishing supplies.
C)maintaining control over conquered areas.
D)devising the proper punishment for traitors.

Question 55

What were the circumstances of the Ft. Pillow massacre?

A)It was an uprising among northern prisoners of war.
B)It involved the killing of surrendered black soldiers by Confederate forces
C)It was a rebellion of Confederate soldiers against officers.
D)It was a massacre of private citizens by Union troops.

Question 56

Why was the Battle of Vicksburg important?

A)It was a clear victory for the South.
B)It gave southerners access to the Mississippi River.
C)It cut the Confederate forces in half.
D)It was more of a moral victory than a tactical one for the North.

Question 57

What was Sherman's 1863 Christmas gift to Lincoln?

A)Savannah
B)Richmond
C)Atlanta
D)New Orleans

Question 58

Lincoln was re-elected in 1864 mainly due to the victories of

A)McClellan and Stuart.
B)Sherman and Burnside.
C)Sheridan and McClellan.
D)Sherman and Sheridan.

Question 59

Approximately how many black men participated in the Civil War on the side of the North?

A)10,000
B)50,000
C)180,000
D)500,000

Question 60

Identify who, what, where, when, and/or why the following are important:
1. Anaconda plan
2. Battle of Vicksburg
3. Contraband of war
4. Irish Rifles
5. John Fremont
6. First Confiscation Act
7. Tax-in-kind
8. Bummers
9. Engineer corps
10. Garrisons

Question 61

Which of the following most closely describes the 1860 presidential campaign?

A)All the candidates campaigned nationally.
B)Lincoln appeared before both northern and southern audiences.
C)Breckenridge campaigned vigorously for the continuation of slavery.
D)The country was clearly divided by sections.

Question 62

What year did South Carolina issue its "Declaration of Causes"?

A)1859
B)1860
C)1861
D)1858

Question 63

As the new commander of the Army of the Potomac, General _______ was criticized for not being aggressive in capturing Richmond.

A)Lee
B)McClellan
C)Scott
D)Jackson

Question 64

How many states made up the original Confederate States of America in February of 1861?

A)3
B)5
C)7
D)10

Question 65

Who were the copperheads?

A)Republicans who opposed Lincoln
B)Republicans who supported the South
C)Democrats who supported Lincoln
D)Democrats who were radically anti-war

Question 66

The first clear defeat of Lee by a Union general occurred at

A)Gettysburg.
B)Manassas.
C)Shiloh.
D)Fort Wagner.

Question 67

Officially, the Confederacy claimed the reason for secession was

A)to protest Lincoln as president.
B)to protect states' rights.
C)to protect slavery.
D)to construct a new society, free from northern social values.

Question 68

Although by 1864 most southerners suspected they were losing the war, why did they refuse to surrender?

A)Southern pride
B)Lincoln's demands for surrender were unacceptable.
C)Major Confederate leaders believed that Gen. Lee would turn the war around.
D)They were hoping Lincoln would not be elected in 1864.

Question 69

Where did Lee surrender?

A)Richmond, Va.
B)Durham, N.C.
C)Atlanta, Ga.
D)Appomattox, Va.

Question 70

What question did the Civil War pose on a global scale?

A)Could self-government endure?
B)Could slavery survive in a democratic country?
C)Was the American government truly a republican form of government?
D)Should the British eliminate their monarchy in favor of an American-style democracy?

Question 71

What did Frederick Douglass see as the ultimate result of the Civil War?

Question 72

According to Lincoln what was the only goal of the Civil War?

Question 73

What were some of the values the North and South had in common?

Question 74

Why did Sherman engage in total war tactics on his way to Atlanta?

Question 75

In what way did the Civil War provide a learning ground for foreigners?

Question 76

The American Civil War was of interest to many other countries, especially in Europe and Latin America. What did these countries learn or gain from the American experience?

Question 77

Free blacks and enslaved blacks played an active role in the conflict between the North and South. Explain what strategies and actions both groups engaged in to further the war effort.

Question 78

Identify who, what, where, when, and/or why the following are important:
1. Fire eaters
2. Declaration of Causes
3. Rosewater strategy
4. King Cotton diplomacy
5. Horace Greeley
6. Impressment
7. Philip Sheridan
8. Nathan Bedford Forrest
9. Patronage system
10. Jefferson Davis

Question 79

In most battles of the Civil War, __________ forces received the greatest number of injuries.

A)Union
B)Confederate
C)attacking
D)defending

Question 80

What caused the British to refrain from officially recognizing the Confederacy as a new nation?

A)Battle of Bull Run
B)Battle at Antietam
C)Election of Lincoln in 1860
D)Refusal of the South to continue trading cotton