Deck 23: Prosperity and the Cold War Economy, 1945-1965

Question 1

The show Amos n' Andy prompted protests by African-Americans because it featured black-faced minstrelsy.​

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Innovation during World War II​ led to advances in

A) ​aviation.
B) ​pharmaceuticals.
C) ​industrial chemistry.
D) ​food production.
E) All of these are correct.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

The 1950s saw the development of a commercial culture ​centered on the health and happiness of children.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The post-World War II era saw the resurgence of the Republican Party.​

Question 5

Mid-century American culture was symbolized by the extended family.​

Question 6

After World War II, the United States entered a period of prosperity, consumer spending and high employment.​

Question 7

While World War II veterans enjoyed the benefits of the G.I. Bill, ​these benefits were never extended to veterans of the Korean War.

Question 8

By 1960, ____________________  homes standing in the United States had been built in the 1950's.

A) ​one in two
B) ​one in three
C) ​one in four
D) ​one in ten
E) ​one in fifteen

Question 9

​The process of reconversion

A) ​refers to the process of converting a wartime economy to a peacetime economy.
B) ​refers to the process of eastern European countries coming under Communist rule.
C) ​refers to the process of a veteran becoming a private sector employee.
D) ​refers to the process of a Communist nations becoming democratic.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 10

____________________ proved the most important single force in post-war recovery.​

A) ​Automobiles
B) ​Real Estate
C) Industrial chemicals
D) ​Household consumer goods
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 11

The Watts riots were triggered by police harassment ​by prolonged and systematic poverty.

Question 12

​The most important factor for America's post-war prosperity was

A) ​technological innovation.
B) ​women who remained in the workforce.
C) ​the rapid and sustained growth of consumer spending.
D) ​Cold-War propaganda that bolstered the importance of a capitalistic economy.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 13

The Cold War economy had negative consequences for central cities, racial minorities, and the most vulnerable classes of industrial and agricultural workers.​

Question 14

The FHA ​

A) ​aimed to transform the private home loan industry to make it more accessible to common folk.
B) ​encouraged private banks to lend to middle and loan income applicants by ensuring that the government would pay defaulted loans.
C) ​lowered the minimum required down payment.
D) ​extended the payment period on a home.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 15

Which of the following was not included in the G. I. Bill?​

A) ​low-cost home loans
B) ​low-cost business loans
C) ​three years of free college tuition
D) ​ten years of medical insurance coverage
E) ​preferential treatment when applying for government jobs

Question 16

The process of redlining designated areas of cities (of predominantly minority populations) where banks would not provide home and business loans.

Question 17

The General Agreement on Tariff and Trade increased barriers to free trade to boost the participating nations' domestic economies.​

Question 18

While the G. I. Bill was a milestone in the post-war expansion of the United States, ​

A) ​married female veterans did not receive unemployment benefits unless they could prove that they were the main breadwinners in their household.
B) married female veterans ​had their educational stipend reduced unless they could prove they were the main breadwinners in their household.
C) ​racist policies at universities kept African Americans from using their educational benefits.
D) ​racist policies in housing developments kept African Americans from home ownership.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 19

The peak of post-war labor protest happened in ​

A) ​1946.
B) ​1947.
C) ​1948.
D) ​1949.
E) ​1950.

Question 20

After World War II​,

A) ​organized labor emerged stronger than ever.
B) ​the range of unionized industries was at an all-time high.
C) ​70 percent of all workers in manufacturing were covered by collective bargaining arrangements.
D) ​there was a prospect for union expansion into the white-collar professional and service sectors.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 21

In the mid-1950s, the United States produced ____________________ percent of the world's manufactured goods.​

A) ​30
B) ​40
C) ​45
D) ​50
E) ​55

Question 22

Which of the following is not a characteristic of companionate marriage?​

A) ​increased equality between husbands and wives
B) ​shared decision making between husbands and wives
C) a family-oriented man
D) ​a submissive wife
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 23

The most successful sitcom of the 1950s was

A) ​ Leave it to Beaver.
B) ​I Love Lucy.
C) ​The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet.
D) ​Father Knows Best.
E) ​Wonderful World of Color.

Question 24

The terms "pink ghettos" describes​

A) ​impoverished areas where single mothers lived.
B) ​an environment that offered low-paying office work limited to women.
C) ​areas of study in colleges where women predominated.
D) ​the life of homemaking and child bearing into which women were pressured.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 25

Which of the following was not a part of what Eisenhower described as the military-industrial complex?​

A) ​military officials
B) ​civilians
C) ​Congress
D) ​large defense firms
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 26

The postwar ideal of domesticity meant that women were responsible for ​

A) ​child care.
B) ​household chores.
C) counseling for family members.​
D) ​creating a fulfilling home environment for all within the home.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 27

​After World War II, most American men set their sights on

A) ​a white-collar job.
B) ​a secure factory job.
C) a job in the defense industry.
D) ​balancing work and family responsibilities.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 28

Which of the following is true about suburbanization?​

A) ​It was characterized by a white middle class that had left the cities.
B) By 1960, one-third of the nation's population was living in a suburban area.​
C) The construction of the highway system helped spur the process of suburbanization.
D) ​People were drawn to the suburbs by lower taxes and cheaper land.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 29

The increase of population in the Sunbelt had to do with the construction of a national highway system and ​

A) ​the fact that the area was deemed safe from a national security standpoint.
B) ​the cost of living was less expensive in these areas.
C) ​the widespread use of central air conditioning.
D) ​many new businesses were giving financial incentives for relocation.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 30

The Taft-Hartley Act

A) ​rolled back important gains for unions.
B) ​was also known as the "slave labor bill."
C) ​outlawed closed shops
D) ​empowered the president to prohibit strikes deemed against the national interest.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 31

The AFL and the CIO merged in ​

A) ​1953.
B) ​1954.
C) ​1955.
D) ​1956.
E) ​1957.

Question 32

In midcentury America, ____________________ was seen as the main source of happiness and fulfillment.

A) ​home ownership
B) ​a steady, well-paying job
C) ​family
D) ​doing one's part for the nation's safety
E) ​consumption

Question 33

While the Interstate Highway Act ​improved the safety and efficiency of automobile travel, Eisenhower's main concern was

A) ​getting all areas of the country settled.
B) ​the shipment of goods and raw materials to support the health of the U.S. economy.
C) ​troop movements and evacuations in the case of a nuclear attack.
D) the creation of a public works project to maintain full employment.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 34

After World War II, the United States's population migrated

A) ​toward the North.
B) toward the Canadian border.
C) toward ​the Midwest.
D) ​overseas.
E) ​toward the West.

Question 35

which of the following embodied suburban culture?

A) ​"fast food" restaurants
B) ​Disneyland
C) television sitcoms that centered around the lives of white suburbanites
D) ​drive-in movie theaters
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 36

The Employment Act of 1946 established ____________________  as the nation's main vehicle for economic planning including stabilizing inflation and unemployment.​

A) ​labor unions
B) ​the federal government
C) ​state governments
D) ​laborers themselves
E) ​manufacturers

Question 37

The U.S.birthrate reached its twentieth century highpoint in ____________________ .​

A) ​1949.
B) ​1952.
C) ​1957.
D) ​1959.
E) ​1961.

Question 38

By the late 1950s, ____________________ percent of Americans attended a place of worship.​

A) ​40
B) ​50
C) ​60
D) ​70
E) ​80

Question 39

By 1970, the economic sector that had declined the most in the United States was the ​

A) ​industrial sector
B) ​information technology sector
C) ​agricultural sector
D) military sector
E) ​service sector

Question 40

Which of the following is not a religious faith included in the concept of the triple melting pot?

A) ​Protestantism
B) ​Islam
C) ​Catholicism
D) ​Judaism
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 41

By ____________________ the United States was importing more oil from abroad than it generated domestically. ​

A) ​1946
B) ​1949
C) ​1953
D) ​1955
E) ​1959

Question 42

Which group revived the folk music of the Great Depression era?​

A) ​beatniks
B) ​urban African-Americans
C) ​rural musicians
D) ​white, middle-class college students
E) ​young, working-class Americans

Question 43

By 1960, the rising cost of farming had nearly eliminated ​

A) Native American farming.
B) ​family farms.
C) ​farms owned by African Americans.
D) ​immigrant-owned farms.
E) ​overseas investment in American farming.

Question 44

During the 1950s, automobile manufacturers​

A) ​cut high-paid union wages.
B) ​relocated their plants outside major cities.
C) ​embraced right to work laws.
D) ​embraced automation, thus replacing workers with machines.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 45

Which of the following cities is not a part of the rust belt?​

A) ​Milwaukee
B) ​Chicago
C) ​Detroit
D) ​Atlanta
E) ​Cleveland

Question 46

Economic devastation came to Appalachia when the ____________________  reduced its labor force through downsizing and automation.

A) ​auto
B) ​agricultural
C) ​steel
D) ​coal
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 47

Postwar optimism about child rearing came from

A) ​medical breakthroughs that conquered devastating childhood diseases.
B) ​child rearing experts such as Benjamin Spock, who gave parents confidence in their own abilities.
C) ​the nation's overall prosperity.
D) ​the vision that baby boomers would exceed their parents' social mobility.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 48

Which of the following was a characteristic of the beat movement?​

A) ​hipster language
B) ​new age spirituality
C) ​sexual freedom
D) ​nonconformity
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 49

Between 1949 and 1968, only ____________________  housing units destroyed by redevelopment was replaced.​

A) ​one in two
B) ​one in three
C) ​three in five
D) ​one in four
E) two in five

Question 50

John Galbraith's The Affluent Society addressed the issue of ​

A) ​racism as a cause of poverty.
B) ​the advertising industry creating unnecessary consumerism.
C) ​poverty in the developing world.
D) ​poverty in rural America.
E) ​poverty in Communist countries.

Question 51

The 1965 Griswold v. Connecticut decision legalized​

A) ​abortion.
B) ​the distribution of explicit publications such as Playboy magazine.
C) ​sex education in public schools.
D) ​the sale of birth control pills and other contraceptive devices.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 52

​The major breakthrough that allowed women to join the sexual revolution was

A) ​that sex outside of marriage became more acceptable for men and women.
B) ​the postponement of marriage by women who increasingly went to college.
C) ​the acceptance of bachelorhood as a viable alternative for men, thus freeing women from marriage at a young age.
D) ​the advent of birth control, which freed women from the connection between sex and conception.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 53

Michael Harrington's The Other America  presented the plight of

A) ​working-class Americans who had lost their industrial jobs.
B) ​middle-class women who were prevented from seeking careers due to ideals of domesticity.
C) ​African Americans living in urban areas.
D) ​immigrants who were kept out of the suburbs and white-collar jobs.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 54

David Riesman and William Whyte's ​ The Lonely Crowd

A) ​praised the irreverence of the Beat poets.
B) ​praised America's emergence in the world as an affluent superpower.
C) ​mourned the migration out of the central city areas.
D) ​criticized conformity in postwar Americans.
E) ​None of these are correct.

Question 55

The genre of music that became the most popular among the youth of the 1950s was​

A) ​rhythm and blues.
B) ​jazz.
C) ​rock n' roll.
D) country.
E) ​gospel.

Question 56

The largest concentration of public housing communities was located in ​

A) ​New York.
B) ​Philadelphia.
C) ​Los Angeles.
D) ​Chicago.
E) Oakland.

Question 57

In order to address the shortage of agricultural labor, the United States reinstated the World War II bracero program in ​

A) ​1950
B) ​1952
C) ​1954
D) ​1957
E) ​1960

Question 58

Which of the following is not true about postwar Oakland?​

A) ​It lost its booming industrial base after World War II.
B) ​It experienced white flight as a result of the G.I Bill and the federal highway program.
C) ​It was an example of how post-war urban renewal can benefit an impoverished urban area.
D) ​Hundreds of African American families were uprooted as a result of the construction of the Bay Area Rapid Transit network.
E) ​It was a community where working class populations competed for low-paying, dead-end jobs.

Question 59

The postwar bracero program​

A) ​succeeded in its goal of uplifting rural Mexican communities.
B) ​helped Mexican workers provide financial stability for their families.
C) ​was accompanied by a campaign that detained and deported undocumented Mexican immigrants in the United States.
D) generally eased the burden of debt for many families in rural Mexican communities.
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 60

Which of the following was a natural resource depleted in the post-war era?

A) ​timber
B) ​iron ore
C) ​cooper
D) ​bauxite
E) ​All of these are correct.

Question 61

Talk About:  information and service economy​

Question 62

Talk About:  European Economic Community (EEC or common market)​

Question 63

Talk About:  G.I. Bill​

Question 64

Talk About:  Interstate Highway Act​

Question 65

Talk About:  pink ghettos​

Question 66

Talk About:  The National Defense Education Act​

Question 67

Talk About:  defense-contracting firms​

Question 68

Talk About:  Sunbelt​

Question 69

Talk About:  General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)​

Question 70

Talk About:  strip cities​

Question 71

Talk About:  William Levitt​

Question 72

Talk About:  Percy Julian​

Question 73

Talk About:  Green Revolution​

Question 74

Talk About:  James Baldwin​

Question 75

Talk About:  therapeutic revolution​

Question 76

Talk About:  r ight to work laws​

Question 77

Talk About: reconversion?

Question 78

Talk About:  Levittown​

Question 79

Talk About:  suburbanization​

Question 80

Talk About:  Taft-Hartley Act​