Deck 6: The Periodic Table and Atomic Structure

Question 1

In quantum mechanics, an " l " value of 2 corresponds to a letter designation of:

A) s
B) p
C) d
D) f

Answer 1

d

Question 2

X-ray fluorescence is an analytical technique that uses high energy x-rays to eject protons from the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The bending of light as it passes between air and another denser media is referred to as:

A) diffraction
B) refraction
C) retraction
D) an illusion

Answer 3

refraction

Question 4

Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) works based on the principle that certain atoms or molecules absorp light in direct proportion to the number of atoms or molecues of that type in the sample.

Question 5

Quantum numbers arise from the functions that solve the wave equations for an atom.

Question 6

Infrared light has higher wavelengths than gamma rays.

Question 7

If photon "A" has twice the energy of photon "B" in a given media, then "A" should have the frequency of "B".

Question 8

The Pauli Exclusion Principle states that no two electrons in the same atom may have the same set of four quantum numbers.

Question 9

To better characterize the electron in a quantum mechanical model, Erwin Schrödinger introduced the equation: H ψ = E ψ . In this equation ψ represents a(n):

A) neutron redux
B) proton period
C) electron mass
D) wave function

Question 10

The now-characteristic model of the atom relies upon the idea that the electrons reside in stable orbits from which they can not deviate and are found outside of a small, densely packed group of protons. This model was created by:

A) Albert Einstein
B) Julius Saulk
C) Niels Bohr
D) Edward Teller

Question 11

The characteristic wavelengths of light absorbed by and emitted from an atom is known as the atom's:

A) parcel number
B) atomic spectrum
C) nuclear potential
D) period

Question 12

In the wave model, the amplitude of the wave determines the brightness of the light.

Question 13

A museum holds a painting by Renoir and wishes to learn more about the trace composition of the pigments used in the priceless artwork. XRF is superior to AAS for this project because:

A) XRF is a non-destructive techinique
B) XRF is capable of measure multiple elements simultaneously
C) AAS is only used for molecular analysis
D) both a and b

Question 14

The "n" value of the quantum number assigned to an atom best describes the orbit's:

A) shape
B) size
C) orientation
D) electron spin

Question 15

As an electron moves closer to the nucleus, energy is:

A) absorbed
B) released
C) remains unchanged
D) transformed into a proton

Question 16

In quantum mechanics, an " l " value of 0 corresponds to a letter designation of:

A) s
B) p
C) d
D) f

Question 17

As part of the quantization of light, Einstein proposed that light could behave as packets of energy referred to as:

A) photons
B) protons
C) electrons
D) nucleons

Question 18

An excited electron can not remain so indefinitely and must eventually return to its ground state.

Question 19

The energy of an incoming photon must be greater than the binding energy of the metal's electron in order to have that electron ejected from the metal's surface.

Question 20

Because the speed of light remains constant for a given media frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional.

Question 21

The "m _l " value of the quantum number assigned to an atom best describes the orbit's:

A) shape
B) size
C) orientation
D) electron spin

Question 22

If the binding energy of an electron is 6.41 × 10 ^{− 19} J, what wavelength of photon is required to liberate it from the atom? Planck's constant = 6.626 × 10 ^{− 34} J ⋅ s; c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s

A) 311 nm
B) 641 nm
C) 1.53 μ m
D) 2.18 μ m

Question 23

Which element has the lowest ionization energy?

A) Na
B) Mg
C) O
D) F

Question 24

A photon with a frequency of 2.1 × 10⁴ s ^{− 1} has an energy of:

A) 6.2 × 10¹² J
B) 5.1 × 10¹¹ J
C) 1.4 × 10 ^{− 29} J
D) 1.9 × 10 ^{− 19} J

Question 25

What is the correct electron configuration of boron?

A) 1s²2s²2p³
B) 1s²2s²2p¹
C) 1s²2s¹2p²
D) 1s¹2s³2p³

Question 26

If n = 4, there are ____ orbitals to fill in that shell.

A) 4
B) 8
C) 10
D) 16

Question 27

If a hydrogen atom undergoes a transtion from n = 1 (E = 4.17 x 10^-19 J) to n = 3 (E = 8.62 x 10^-19 J), what is the wavelength of the photo absorbed?

A) 4.47 x 10^-7 nm
B) 4.45 x 10^-19 nm
C) 4.47 x 10¹² nm
D) 4.45 x 10^-12 nm

Question 28

Of the following elements, which displays the greatest electron affinity?

A) Se
B) Ca
C) C
D) F

Question 29

Which of the following electron configurations best describes the 2p sub-orbitals of fluorine?

A) ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ (the 2p electrons)
B) ↑↓ ↑    ↑↓ (the 2p electrons)
C) ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑    (the 2p electrons)
D) ↑    ↑    ↑    (the 2p electrons)

Question 30

What is the correct electron configuration of chlorine?

A) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶
B) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹3p⁶
C) 1s²2s¹2p⁶3s²3p⁶
D) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁵

Question 31

The ____________________ of any wave is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves.

Question 32

If n = 3, there are ____ orbitals to fill in that shell.

A) 2
B) 4
C) 9
D) 18

Question 33

If a 755 nm photon travels in a vacuum, what is its frequency of this photon? Recall: the speed of light in a vacuum is 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s.

A) 3.97 × 10¹⁴ s ^{− 1}
B) 9.17 × 10¹³ s ^{− 1}
C) 3.97 × 10¹⁶ s ^{− 1}
D) 2.52 × 10 ^{− 15} s ^{− 1}

Question 34

Suppose the first two quantum numbers assigned to an atom are: (n = 4, l = 3). What are the possible m_l quantum numbers?

A) 0 only
B) − 2, − 1, 0, 1, 2
C) − 3, − 2, − 1, 0, 1, 2, 3
D) − 1, − 1/2, 0, 1/2, 1

Question 35

Suppose the first two quantum numbers assigned to an atom are: (n = 4, l = 3). What are the possible m _l quantum numbers?

A) 0 only
B) − 1, 0, 1
C) − 2, − 1, 0, 1, 2
D) −3,−2 , − 1, 0, 1, 2, 3

Question 36

Which is not a legitimate value for the "m _l " quantum number?

A) − 1
B) 0
C) 1/2
D) 1

Question 37

Which is not a legitimate value for the "n" quantum number?

A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3

Question 38

What is the correct electron configuration of the calcium cation?

A) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹
B) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹3p⁶4s²
C) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶
D) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰

Question 39

The size of orbitals tends to decrease for large nuclei as a result of:

A) electron crowding
B) proton spin
C) uncoupling leptons
D) nuclear shielding

Question 40

What is the correct electron configuration of copper?

A) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹3d¹⁰
B) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹3p⁶4s²3d⁹
C) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d¹⁰4s¹
D) 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶3d⁹4s²

Question 41

The ____________________ of a wave refers to the size or height of the wave.

Question 42

Laser light is ____________________ meaning that all waves are perfectly in-phase.

Question 43

The ____________________ of a wave refers to the amount of time necessary for one wave.

Question 44

The ____________________ of a wave is the number of wave cycles per unit time.

Question 45

The ____________________ Effect describes the ejection of an electron from the surface of an easily ionizable metal when a sufficiently energetic electron strikes that metal.