Deck 9: Selecting the Sample

Question 1

Members of the population that represent probability samples are those:

A)Persons who can be found for survey purposes.
B)Persons who have a chance of being included in the sample.
C)Persons who have an unknown chance of being included in the sample.
D)Persons who are likely to have been sampled before.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

________ is an entire group under study as specified by the objectives of the research project.

A)Study group
B)Population
C)Sample
D)Census

Answer 2

B

Question 3

There are different types of probability sampling methods.Which of the following is NOT one of those types?

A)Simple random sample
B)Simple targeted sample
C)Systematic sampling
D)Cluster sampling

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The flipping of a coin to decide heads or tails,lottery numbers selected by numbered balls,a roulette wheel in a casino,and a hand dealt in a poker game is an example of what type of random sampling?

A)Complex random sampling
B)Random numbers method
C)Random device method
D)Gaming random method

Question 5

________ pertains to the basic level of investigation.

A)A sample
B)A sample unit
C)A subpopulation
D)A population

Question 6

With nonprobability methods there is no way to determine the probability even if the population size is known because the:

A)Selection technique is objective.
B)Selection technique is uncertain
C)Selection technique is non-scientific.
D)Selection technique is subjective.

Question 7

The main disadvantage of using random number to draw a simple random sample is:

A)It requires an incomplete accounting of the population.
B)It requires a complete accounting of the population.
C)It requires a specific but incomplete accounting of the population.
D)It requires a specific targeted population.

Question 8

Whenever a sample is taken,the survey will reflect:

A)The entire population.
B)Sample size.
C)The subpopulation.
D)Sampling error.

Question 9

A tractable and more sophisticated application of simple random sampling is to use computer-generated numbers based on the concept of ________,which are numbers whose chance nature is assured.

A)random devices
B)random objects
C)random targets
D)random numbers

Question 10

Of the following,which is NOT true of nonprobability samples?

A)Can compute the chances of any one population member being selected into the sample
B)Potential human error
C)Sometimes called"haphazard sampling"
D)Can be prone to subconscious biases

Question 11

________,which is a way to select a random sample from a directory or list,is much more efficient(uses less effort)than simple random sampling.

A)Non-systematic sampling
B)Convenience sampling
C)Systematic sampling
D)Quota sampling

Question 12

Simple random sampling is an appealing sampling method simply because it embodies the requirements necessary to obtain a:

A)Probability sample.
B)Quota sample.
C)Convenience sample.
D)Nonprobability sample.

Question 13

Using a sample versus taking a census is almost always preferred.Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using a sample versus a census?

A)Ready access to respondents
B)Cost
C)Population size
D)Smaller datasets to analyze

Question 14

Managers tend to have a ________ definition of the population than do researchers.

A)less specific
B)more specific
C)broader
D)very precise

Question 15

A subset of the population is:

A)A sample.
B)A sample unit.
C)A subpopulation.
D)A population.

Question 16

The essence of a"known"probability rests in the ________ rather than in knowing the exact size of the population.

A)sample size
B)population estimate
C)sampling method
D)survey method

Question 17

A ________ is a master source of sample units in the population.

A)master sample unit
B)master population
C)sample frame
D)master frame

Question 18

When a researcher performs an accounting of the complete population,it is called:

A)Population accounting.
B)Complete sampling.
C)A census.
D)Comprehensive accounting.

Question 19

The type of sampling method in which a sample frame is divided into groups,which are highly similar to the others is:

A)Simple random sampling.
B)Systematic sampling.
C)Stratified sampling.
D)Cluster sampling.

Question 20

The most well known census is the U.S.census for which the target population is:

A)All households in the U.S..
B)A certain percentage of the U.S.population.
C)An equal number of people from each region of the U.S.
D)An equal percentage of people from each region of the U.S.

Question 21

The sampling method in which the size of the sample portions is determined by the researcher's belief about the relative size of each class of respondent in the population is:

A)Quota sampling.
B)Convenience sampling.
C)Purposive sampling.
D)Chain referral sampling.

Question 22

The sampling method in which subjectivity and convenience are factors is:

A)Convenience sampling.
B)Chain referral sampling.
C)Purposive sampling.
D)Quota sampling.

Question 23

While they rely heavily on social networks,referral samples are often useful in:

A)Industrial marketing research situations.
B)Consumer marketing research situations.
C)Entertainment marketing research situations.
D)Sports marketing research situations.

Question 24

When a researcher uses ________,sample frame error occurs in the form of members of the population who are infrequent users or nonusers of that location.

A)convenience sampling
B)purposive sampling
C)chain referral sampling
D)quota sampling

Question 25

When researcher uses his or her judgment or that of some other knowledgeable person to identify who will be in the sample,he or she is using what type of nonprobability sampling method?

A)Convenience sampling
B)Purposive sampling
C)Chain referral sampling
D)Quota sampling

Question 26

Cluster sampling is desirable when:

A)Similar clusters can be easily identified.
B)Dissimilar clusters can be easily identified.
C)A non-group is identified.
D)Similar clusters are non-contiguous.

Question 27

In ________,the selection of the place and,consequently,prospective respondents is subjective rather than objective.

A)quota sampling
B)convenience sampling
C)referral sampling
D)purposive sampling

Question 28

A fine jeweler may require that the final sample is 75 percent female and 25 percent male because they understand that the customer base is primarily female with a smaller percentage of males.In this instance,a researcher would use which type of sampling method?

A)Quota sampling
B)Referral sampling
C)Convenience sampling
D)Purposive sampling

Question 29

________ is used when different strata are apparent in the population and each stratum is randomly sampled.

A)Systematic sampling
B)Stratified sampling
C)Cluster sampling
D)Simple random sampling

Question 30

Which type of research method uses purposive sampling rather than probability sampling?

A)Secondary research
B)Surveys
C)Focus groups
D)Exploratory research

Question 31

The greatest danger in cluster sampling is cluster specification error that occurs when the clusters are:

A)Not homogeneous.
B)Heterogeneous.
C)Too homogeneous.
D)Too heterogeneous.

Question 32

A busy pedestrian area or a shopping mall,as the sample frame from which to intercept potential respondents,would represent what type of nonprobability sampling method?

A)Purposive sampling
B)Chain referral sampling
C)Quota sampling
D)Convenience sampling

Question 33

A stratified sample may require the calculation of ________ to achieve accuracy.

A)weighted mean
B)a mean
C)unweighted mean
D)weighted calculation

Question 34

When a researcher asks respondents for the names or identities of others like themselves who might qualify to take part in the survey,they are using what type of sampling method?

A)Convenience sampling
B)Purposive sampling
C)Quota sampling
D)Chain referral sampling

Question 35

________ is used when the researcher is working with a"skewed"population divided into portions and wishes to achieve high statistical efficiency.

A)Simple random sampling
B)Stratified sampling
C)Systematic sampling
D)Cluster sampling

Question 36

Which sampling method is used as a means of ensuring that convenience samples will have the desired proportion of different respondent classes?

A)Convenience sampling
B)Quota sampling
C)Purposive sampling
D)Chain referral sampling

Question 37

There are three types of online sampling methods.Of the following,which is NOT a type of online sampling method?

A)Blue ocean samples
B)Online panels
C)River samples
D)List samples

Question 38

What type of sampling method is selection not based on chance or randomness but based on an inherently biased selection process?

A)Probability sampling
B)Stratified sampling
C)Nonprobability sampling
D)Cluster sampling

Question 39

________ are appropriate when researchers have a detailed demographic profile of the population on which to base the sample.

A)Referral samples
B)Convenience samples
C)Purposive samples
D)Quota samples

Question 40

A research company performing a mall intercept study would be an example of the use of what type of sampling method?

A)Quota sampling
B)Purposive sampling
C)Referral sampling
D)Convenience sampling

Question 41

There are at least two general reasons why a sample is almost always more desirable than a census,which include the expense and the difficulty of analyzing very large datasets.

Question 42

The ________ is a definite sequence of steps which the researcher goes through to draw and ultimately arrive at the final sample.

A)sample plan
B)sample method
C)sample technique
D)sample objective

Question 43

Probability samples are samples in which members of the population have a known chance of being selected into the sample.

Question 44

Sampling error is caused by two factors,which include the sample definition and the sampling technique.

Question 45

A sample frame invariably contains sample frame error,which is the degree to which the sample frame fails to account for all of the population.

Question 46

A sample frame is not a master source of sample units in the population.

Question 47

Panel companies are especially adept at ________ because they have huge databases of information regarding demographics,possessions,lifestyle,medical ailments,and so on that can be used to select panel members to be survey respondents.

A)conducting large surveys
B)delivering targeted samples
C)reaching social media enthusiasts
D)executing complex surveys

Question 48

A sample unit is a subset of the population that suitably represents that entire group.

Question 49

Managers tend to have a less specific definition of the population than do researchers because the researcher must use the description of the population precisely,whereas the manager uses it in a more general way.

Question 50

The use of banners,pop-ups,or other online devices that invite website visitors to take part in the survey are indicative of what type of sampling method?

A)Blue ocean samples
B)Online panels
C)River samples
D)List samples

Question 51

Inspecting some relevant characteristics of the sample(such as distribution of males and females,age ranges,etc.)to judge how well it matches the known distribution of these characteristics in the population is known as:

A)Obtaining the sample frame.
B)Defining the sample population.
C)Validating the sample.
D)Drawing the sample.

Question 52

It is not possible to obtain precision or accuracy with surprisingly small samples.

Question 53

Whenever a sample is taken,the survey will reflect sampling error.

Question 54

Nonprobability samples are samples where the chances(probability)of selecting members from the population into the sample are known.

Question 55

________ are those purchased or otherwise procured from someone or some company that has compiled email addresses of opt-in members of the population of interest.

A)Blue ocean samples
B)Online panels
C)River samples
D)List samples

Question 56

The difficulties encountered by U.S.census takers are identical to those encountered in marketing research.

Question 57

A sample is the basic level of investigation.

Question 58

There are no impracticalities associated with a census,particularly when you think about target markets encompassing millions of consumers.

Question 59

Of the following,which is NOT a step in creating a sample plan:

A)Define the population.
B)Establish the research objective.
C)Decide on the sample method.
D)Draw the sample.

Question 60

The sample and sample unit exist within the area called the sample frame.

Question 61

With a nonprobability sample,the researcher has some savings in cost and/or time but at the expense of using a sample that is not truly representative of the population.

Question 62

Stratified sampling results in a more accurate overall sample by allowing for explicit analysis of each stratum and by allowing the estimation of the overall sample mean by use of a weighted measure.

Question 63

There are two practical applications in which simple random sample designs are employed quite successfully: random digit dialing and computer-based random samples.

Question 64

With simple random sampling,the probability of being selected into the sample is unequal for all members of the population.

Question 65

In systematic sampling,the researcher decides on a skip interval,which is calculated by dividing the number of names on the list by the sample size.

Question 66

To use systematic sampling,it is not necessary to have a complete listing of the population.

Question 67

Systematic sampling can be applied with less difficulty and accomplished in a shorter time than can simple random sampling

Question 68

The random device method involves using an apparatus or a procedure to ensure that every member of the population has the same chance of being selected into the sample.

Question 69

Systematic sampling is more efficient than simple random sampling because only one or a very few random numbers need to be drawn at the beginning.

Question 70

Systematic sampling is probability sampling because it employs a non-random starting point,which ensures there is sufficient randomness in the systematic sample to approximate an equal probability of any member of the population being selected into the sample.

Question 71

Cluster sampling is desirable when highly similar groups can be easily identified,such as subdivisions spread across a wide geographic area.

Question 72

The terms known and unknown are misleading;to calculate a precise probability,one would need to know the exact size of the population,and it is impossible to know the exact size of the population in most marketing research studies.

Question 73

Convenience samples can be seriously misleading since with nonprobability sampling,there is a good possibility that non-representative sample units will be selected.

Question 74

Computer programs can be designed to generate numbers without any systematic sequence to the numbers whatsoever.This describes the random numbers method.

Question 75

Although scientifically sound,systematic sampling does not accomplish the same end as simple random sampling,and is less efficient.

Question 76

Area sampling is a form of cluster sampling and uses a two or three-step approach.

Question 77

Despite some advantages,systematic sampling does not have the potential to create a sample in quality to samples created from simple random sampling.

Question 78

Cluster sampling is better suited than other probability sampling methods for populations that are not distributed in a bell-shaped pattern.

Question 79

A skewed population has a long tail on one side and a short tail on the opposite end,and deviates greatly from the bell-shaped distribution that is assumed to be the case in the use of simple random,systematic,or cluster sampling.

Question 80

The simple random sampling method does not guarantee that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected into the sample;therefore,the resulting sample,no matter what the size,will not be a valid representation of the population.