Question 1

Which of the following conditions often occurs in progressive hemorrhagic shock?&#10;A)Vasomotor center failure&#10;B)Increased urine output&#10;C)Tissue alkalosis&#10;D)Decreased capillary permeability&#10;E)Increased mean systemic filling pressure

Accepted Answer

In progressive hemorrhagic shock, vasomotor center failure occurs due to inadequate blood flow to the brain, leading to a loss of vascular tone and further deterioration of the circulatory system.

Question 2

A 10-year-old girl in the hospital had an intestinal obstruction, and her arterial pressure decreased to 70/40 mm Hg. Her heart rate is 120 beats/min and respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. Which of the following therapies would the physician recommend?

A)Blood infusion
B)Plasma infusion
C)Infusion of a balanced electrolyte solution
D)Infusion of a sympathomimetic drug
E)Administration of a glucocorticoid

B

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

During induction of anesthesia, a 60-year-old man's blood pressure decreases to 55/35 mm Hg. His electrocardiogram still shows a normal sinus rhythm. What initial therapy do you recommend?&#10;A)Packed red cell infusion&#10;B)Plasma infusion&#10;C)Infusion of a balanced electrolyte solution&#10;D)Infusion of a sympathomimetic drug&#10;E)Administration of a glucocorticoid

Accepted Answer

The patient's hypotension during anesthesia is likely due to vasodilation or decreased cardiac output. A sympathomimetic drug can increase vascular tone and cardiac output, thus raising blood pressure.

Question 4

A 20-year-old man has been severely burned and has an arterial pressure of 70/40 mm Hg with a heart rate of 130 beats/min. What initial therapy do you recommend?&#10;A)Packed red cell infusion&#10;B)Plasma infusion&#10;C)Infusion of a balanced electrolyte solution&#10;D)Infusion of a sympathomimetic drug&#10;E)Administration of a glucocorticoid

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 20-year-old man has been severely burned...

Question 5

A 20-year-old woman presents at the local emergency department a few minutes after receiving an influenza inoculation. She has pale skin, tachycardia, and an arterial pressure of 80/50 mm Hg and has trouble walking. What therapy do you recommend to prevent shock?

A)Packed red cells and plasma infusion
B)Administration of an antihistamine
C)Infusion of a balanced electrolyte solution such as saline
D)Infusion of a sympathomimetic drug
E)Administration of tissue plasminogen activator

Accepted Answer

The symptoms suggest anaphylactic shock, likely due to an allergic reaction to the influenza vaccine. A sympathomimetic drug like epinephrine is recommended to counteract the severe allergic reaction and prevent shock.

Question 6

Which of the following conditions often occurs in compensated hemorrhagic shock?&#10;A)Decreased heart rate&#10;B)Stress relaxation of veins&#10;C)Decreased antidiuretic hormone release&#10;D)Decreased absorption of interstitial fluid through the capillaries&#10;E)Central nervous system ischemic response

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following conditions often occurs...

Question 7

A 50-year-old woman received an overdose of furosemide, and her arterial pressure decreased to 70/40 mm Hg. Her heart rate is 120 beats/min and respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. What therapy would you recommend?

A)Whole blood infusion
B)Plasma infusion
C)Infusion of a balanced electrolyte solution
D)Infusion of a sympathomimetic drug
E)Administration of a glucocorticoid

Accepted Answer

Infusion of a balanced electrolyte solution is recommended as the patient received an overdose of furosemide, a loop diuretic that causes increased excretion of electrolytes, leading to hypotension. A balanced electrolyte solution will help restore the patient's electrolyte balance and improve hemodynamics. Whole blood infusion or plasma infusion may not be necessary in this case, and administration of a sympathomimetic drug or glucocorticoid is not indicated.

Question 8

In which of the following conditions would you expect to find increased left atrial pressure?&#10;A)Tricuspid stenosis&#10;B)Tricuspid regurgitation&#10;C)Pulmonary valve stenosis&#10;D)Pulmonary valve regurgitation&#10;E)Severe aortic stenosis

Accepted Answer

Severe aortic stenosis increases left atrial pressure due to the increased resistance to blood flow out of the left ventricle. This causes a backup of blood into the left atrium, leading to increased pressure.

Question 9

A 30-year-old woman is seen in the emergency department for severe vomiting. She has pale skin, tachycardia, and an arterial pressure of 80/50 mm Hg and has trouble walking. What therapy do you recommend to prevent shock?

A)Packed red cell infusion
B)Administration of an antihistamine
C)Infusion of a balanced electrolyte solution
D)Infusion of a sympathomimetic drug
E)Administration of a glucocorticoid

Accepted Answer

Infusion of a balanced electrolyte solution is the best choice as it will help to correct any electrolyte imbalances and provide intravascular volume to prevent shock. Packed red cell infusion may be needed if there is severe blood loss, but it is not indicated in this scenario. Antihistamines are not appropriate for treating vomiting and would not prevent shock. Sympathomimetic drugs may increase blood pressure, but they do not provide the necessary volume to prevent shock. Glucocorticoids may be useful for treating certain conditions that cause vomiting, but they are not indicated for preventing shock.

Question 10

Which kind of shock is often associated with an increased cardiac output?&#10;A)Hemorrhagic shock&#10;B)Anaphylactic shock&#10;C)Septic shock&#10;D)Neurogenic shock&#10;E)Shock due to dehydration

Accepted Answer

Septic shock is often associated with an increased cardiac output due to the body's response to widespread infection, leading to vasodilation and increased heart rate.

Deck 24: Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment