Deck 5: Digital Security, Ethics, and Privacy: Threats, Issues, and Defenses

Question 1

What is OCR (optical character recognition)? ____________ What is OMR (optical mark recognition)? ____________

Answer 1

Optical Character Recognition
Optical Character Recognition, in short OCR, is a technology through which the hand written or printed pages, images or any other ordinary document could be made computer readable. Everything is considered like an image by OCR therefore it also involves converting images into characters hence computer can process on those.
For using OCR technique, optical scanners are used for character reading and OCR software is also installed to recognize what to read. When any image is scanned, shapes of characters are determined by OCR device. To do this OCR device detects pattern of light and dark.
Some predefined shapes are available on the memory. OCR software compares the scanned shape with the shapes available in memory. After recognition the shape is converted into character and then computer can process further.
Optical Mark Recognition
Optical Mark Recognition, in short OMR, is a technology through which the hand marks like small circles or rectangles could be made computer readable. The functioning of OMR scanners is based on patterns of light.
For using OMR technique, OMR scanner is used for shape recognition and OMR software is also installed for checking correctness of shape. Some test or evaluation papers are prepared in a specified format. These papers are provided to the target persons. They solve the paper by darkening the circles or any other shape given.
Both the correct answers' sheet and answers marked by target persons are feed into the computer by OMR scanner to store answers. After that OMR device compares the received answers' light pattern with that of correct answers and then provide result as correct answers' count.

Question 2

_____. A DVD kiosk is a self-service DVD rental machine that connects to a host computer through a network.

Answer 2

DVD kiosk
The DVD kiosk is the self-service machine that contains the DVD's which are available on rent to the users. It is the machine which is connected to the computer of its host with the help of network. The DVD kiosk can be found at anyplace such as fast food restaurants, retail stores, airports, grocery stores etc. Hence, the statement is
.

Question 3

_____. The command associated with a function key performs the same task within each program with which you are interacting.

Answer 3

Function Key
Keyboard is the one of the important input device of the computer. The keys which are labeled with the word 'F' associated with a number are known as function keys. The function keys are the special keys which are programmed for the special purpose. The functions which are being performed by these special keys are varying in nature as per the need of program being executed. Hence, the statement is
.

Question 4

_____. A keyguard is a metal or plastic plate placed over the keyboard that allows users to rest their hands on the keyboard without accidentally pressing any keys.

Question 5

Architects, mapmakers, designers, artists, and home users create drawings and sketches on a _____. (268)

A) trackball
B) terminal
C) graphics tablet
D) touchpad

Question 6

Install and Use a Web Cam
A Web cam is a digital video camera that allows you to capture video and still images. The videos can be used in live instant messages or for live images over the Internet. Recordings of the videos can be included on Web pages or in e-mail messages as attachments. In addition, some cameras include software that enables you to establish a visual security environment where the camera can be used to detect and record movement in its general vicinity.
Using a Web cam requires two phases: 1) purchasing and installing the Web cam, and 2) using the Web cam to transmit live video or to record video or digital images.
To purchase and install a Web cam, complete the following steps:
1. Determine how you want to use the camera in order to decide the quality of camera you require and the camera software you need. Web cams range in price from about $25 to more than $125, and vary in picture quality, features, and accompanying software. If you are not sure of all features and prices, search the Web to determine the best camera for your use.
2. After making your purchase, you will find that most cameras are accompanied by an optical disc containing the software that enables the camera to communicate and work with the computer. Often, the instructions with the device will specify that you should place the optical disc in an optical disc drive and follow the on-screen instructions to install the software on the computer.
3. After the software is installed, you likely will be instructed to connect the camera to the computer. You do so by connecting the USB or FireWire cable first to the camera and then to a USB or FireWire port on your computer. When the camera is connected, you will be able to start the camera software from either the All Programs list or the desktop.
Once you have started the camera software, you will be able to use the camera for any of the tasks you require. Each camera and its accompanying software will allow you to create a video, use instant messaging to send live video to your instant messaging contacts, and other uses as well. In addition, you often will be able to control the quality of your video output by modifying brightness, contrast, and clarity. With many cameras, you will be able to zoom in and out and, from your keyboard, enter commands to move the camera lens left, right, up, and down.
On some cameras, you can use a feature called face tracking , where the camera will remain focused on your face even when you move. This feature allows you to be more natural and not be concerned with always making sure you are placed exactly right for the camera. As you can see, once you have purchased and installed a Web cam, you will open an entirely new world of communications right from your computer.
Assume you have decided to purchase a Web cam to use for instant messaging. Search the Web to find the highest rated cameras available for purchase that can be used for your purposes. What is the most expensive camera you found? The least expensive? What features distinguish the two? Based on your use of the camera for instant messaging, what camera would you choose to buy? Why? Submit your answers to your instructor.

Question 7

What is the most widely used biometric device today? ____________ Describe how the device works. ____________

Question 8

Install and Use a Web Cam
A Web cam is a digital video camera that allows you to capture video and still images. The videos can be used in live instant messages or for live images over the Internet. Recordings of the videos can be included on Web pages or in e-mail messages as attachments. In addition, some cameras include software that enables you to establish a visual security environment where the camera can be used to detect and record movement in its general vicinity.
Using a Web cam requires two phases: 1) purchasing and installing the Web cam, and 2) using the Web cam to transmit live video or to record video or digital images.
To purchase and install a Web cam, complete the following steps:
1. Determine how you want to use the camera in order to decide the quality of camera you require and the camera software you need. Web cams range in price from about $25 to more than $125, and vary in picture quality, features, and accompanying software. If you are not sure of all features and prices, search the Web to determine the best camera for your use.
2. After making your purchase, you will find that most cameras are accompanied by an optical disc containing the software that enables the camera to communicate and work with the computer. Often, the instructions with the device will specify that you should place the optical disc in an optical disc drive and follow the on-screen instructions to install the software on the computer.
3. After the software is installed, you likely will be instructed to connect the camera to the computer. You do so by connecting the USB or FireWire cable first to the camera and then to a USB or FireWire port on your computer. When the camera is connected, you will be able to start the camera software from either the All Programs list or the desktop.
Once you have started the camera software, you will be able to use the camera for any of the tasks you require. Each camera and its accompanying software will allow you to create a video, use instant messaging to send live video to your instant messaging contacts, and other uses as well. In addition, you often will be able to control the quality of your video output by modifying brightness, contrast, and clarity. With many cameras, you will be able to zoom in and out and, from your keyboard, enter commands to move the camera lens left, right, up, and down.
On some cameras, you can use a feature called face tracking , where the camera will remain focused on your face even when you move. This feature allows you to be more natural and not be concerned with always making sure you are placed exactly right for the camera. As you can see, once you have purchased and installed a Web cam, you will open an entirely new world of communications right from your computer.
Optional: Purchase a Web cam or borrow one from a friend. Install the camera software on a computer. Warning: If you are using a computer that is not your own, complete this exercise only with the owner's permission. Connect the camera to the computer. Practice with the camera and the accompanying software. What features does the software provide? Which feature do you find the most compelling? Which features could you do without? Record a video of yourself answering these questions. Submit the video to your instructor.

Question 9

_____. A touchpad is a small, flat, rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion.

Question 10

Download Songs to a Portable Media Player
The methods by which you can download a song to a portable media player vary depending upon the type of portable media player you own. Some portable media players connect to your computer, often using a USB connection, and appear as a removable disk in Windows.
Some use flash memory mobile media, such as SD cards, that you remove from the portable media player, and then insert into your computer's card reader. Some portable media players, such as the iPod Touch, can connect to wireless networks and download songs from the Internet without requiring a connection to a computer; others connect directly to your computer and require a special program, such as iTunes, to add songs. This Learn How To exercises describes how to download songs to an iPod from a CD, how to download music to an iPod using iTunes, and how to transfer files to a portable media player that connects directly to your computer.
Using iTunes to Add Songs from a CD to Your iTunes Library
1. If necessary, download and install the latest version of iTunes, which is available at Apple's Web site (apple.com).
2. Click the Start button, click All Programs, click the iTunes folder in the All Programs list, and then click iTunes in the iTunes folder (Figure).

If you have not done so already, connect your iPod to a USB port on your computer. When iTunes displays the name of your iPod in the left pane of the iTunes window indicating that your iPod is connected, insert a music CD into an optical disc drive on your computer.
Check the CD's copyright notice before completing the following steps to make sure that you are authorized to copy the CD.
4. iTunes will download the track names from the CD automatically and display a dialog box asking if you would like to import the entire CD. Click the Yes button to import all songs from the CD. If you wish to select individual songs from the CD, click the No button and select the songs you wish to import.
5. Once the import process is complete, click the Eject button to eject the CD. The songs now are in your iTunes library.
6. If your playlist does not synchronize automatically, right-click the name of your playlist and then click Sync on the shortcut menu. Once the synchronization process is complete, the files are stored on your iPod.
Using iTunes to Add Songs from the iTunes Store
1. If necessary, start iTunes and connect your iPod to your computer.
2. Click iTunes Store in the left pane of the iTunes window to display items available for purchase.
3. Locate the song you wish to purchase in the iTunes Store. If you are looking for a particular song, use the Search iTunes Store box at the top of the iTunes window.
4. Once you locate a song to download, click the Buy Song button. If necessary, enter the information for your iTunes account. If a dialog box is displayed asking if you are sure that you want to buy the song, click the Buy button. iTunes will download the song and charge the credit card or gift card associated with your iTunes account.
5. If your playlist does not synchronize automatically, right-click the name of your playlist and then click Sync on the shortcut menu. Once the synchronization process is complete, the files are stored on your iPod.
Adding a Music File on a Computer to a Portable Media Player
1. Connect your portable media player to an available port on the computer. If the portable media player does not connect to the computer with a cable, remove the memory card from the portable media player and insert it into the card reader on the computer.
2. When Windows displays the AutoPlay dialog box, click the Open device to view files using Windows Explorer button to display a window containing the contents of the portable media player.
3. Locate the song on the computer that you wish to copy to the portable media player and then drag the file to the window containing the contents of the portable media player.
4. Close any open windows and disconnect the portable media player from the computer.
Locate a music CD that you own and use a program such as Windows Media Player to save the songs as digital files on your hard disk. Once you transfer the songs to your hard disk, connect your portable media player and then transfer the songs from the hard disk to the portable media player. How long did it take to transfer the music from the CD to the computer to the portable media player? Is there an easier way to accomplish this task?

Question 11

_____ is the computer's capability of distinguishing spoken words. (274)

A) Voice input
B) VoIP
C) MIDI
D) Voice recognition

Question 12

What is the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)? ____________ How might gesture recognition and computerized implant devices help physically challenged users in the future? ___________

Question 13

_____. Touch-sensitive pads typically contain buttons and/or wheels that are operated with a thumb or finger.

Question 14

Match the terms with their definitions.

Question 15

_____ allows users to record, compose, mix, and edit music and sounds. (274)

A) Kiosks
B) Voice input
C) Music production software
D) Voice recognition

Question 16

_____ has a design that reduces the chance of wrist and hand injuries. (262)

A) gaming keyboard
B) cordless keyboard
C) ergonomic keyboard
D) function key

Question 17

_____. To capture a signature, a user speaks his or her name into a signature capture pad.

Question 18

What are three different types of mouse devices? ____________ What makes them different from each other? ____________

Question 19

RFID is a technology that uses _____ to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object, an animal, or a person. (280)

A) a thin wire
B) pixels
C) radio signals
D) light waves

Question 20

_____. Once data is in memory, the computer interprets and executes instructions to process the data into information.

Question 21

_____. Resolution is the smallest element in an electronic image.

Question 22

Some phones use _____, where you press one key on the keypad for each letter in a word and software on the phone predicts the word you want. (262)

A) predictive text input
B) text messaging
C) ergonomics
D) optical character recognition (OCR)

Question 23

With _____, the computer will detect human motions. (286)

A) a head-mounted pointer
B) an on-screen keyboard
C) gesture recognition
D) a computerized implant

Question 24

Name at least five mouse operations. ____________ Describe and give examples of each of the mouse operations that you chose. ____________

Question 25

_____. A whiteboard is a meeting between two or more geographically separated people who use a network or the Internet to transmit audio and video data.

Question 26

_____. An input device is any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer.

Question 27

_____. Scanners capture data from a target document, which is the original form of the data.

Question 28

Touch screens that recognize multiple points of contact at the same time are known as _____. (266)

A) touch-sensitive pads
B) multi-touch
C) graphics tablets
D) digitizers

Question 29

_____. A flatbed scanner works in a manner similar to a copy machine except it creates a file of the document in memory instead of a paper copy.