Deck 7: Inputoutput Technology

Question 1

Many organizations store all documents, such as medical records, engineering data, and patents, as graphics files. Identify commercial software products that support this form of data storage. Examine the differences between these products and more traditional data storage approaches. Concentrate on efficient use of storage space, internal data representation, and methods of data search and retrieval. What unique capabilities are possible with image-based storage and retrieval? What additional costs and hardware capabilities are required? Examine sites such as www.databankimx.com and www.knowledgetree.com.

Answer 1

Storage Space
Various commercial software products that support's the organizations which stores all the documents that includes medical records, patents and engineering data as the graphic files are given as:
Under the website launched by data bank the software tools includes installation services and integration, system design that provides immediate access to the organizations valuable records and data bases. The various software products and the various services enable a solution that manages stores and delivers the information.
Data captures and various intelligent databank documents allows automatic transformation of the paper documents and the information's related to business from the virtual sources and thus integrates them with the ERP and CRMs and various other financial applications. Other commercial products include Digital signatures, OCRs, Automated Indexing and E-Forums.
The differences between the described commercial software products and the various other traditional data storage approaches includes easy and quick data management, price and cost of the products are realistic, ensures data protection, all the levels of performance are acceptable and is priced realistically.
The unique capabilities that can be possible with the image-based storage and retrieval are the value of the information contained in the documents as a part of the images is of higher value and importance. The image technology enabled converts the various paper based documents into the digital images that are used for the storage and retrieval of the information. It provides both image based and textual based queries.
The various hardware and costs capabilities that are required are: In most of the data storage organizations the cost of the documentation and storage components decrease as the various other constituent services gets improve and thus educes the costs of the compliances.

Question 2

Describe the process by which software recognizes keystrokes.

Answer 2

Manual Input Devices (Keyboards)
• The early computer systems use to accept the input using the punched cards or the tape. The keypunch machine thus converts the manual keystrokes into the punched holes within a cardboard card or the paper tape.
• While another device, called as the card reader, converts the punched cards into the electrical inputs that the CPU could easily recognize.
• The modern keyboard devices were used to translate the keystrokes directly into the electrical signal's, thus eliminates the need of the intermediate storage media, such as the punched cards or the paper tape.
• They also use various integrated microprocessor, called as a keyboard controller which was used to generate the bitstream outputs.
• The key thus pressed was used to send the coded signal into the controller, and the controller thus generates a bitstream output accordingly into the internal program or by using the lookup table.

Question 3

Color video display can be achieved by using elements colored ____________, ___________, and ______________________.

Answer 3

Color display
Color video display can be achieved by using elements colored red , green and blue.
Explanation:
Different color combinations are used for different purposes. Such as in paint, the primary colors used are red, green and yellow. Similarly, for color video displays, the three primary colors used are red, green, and blue.

Question 4

Flat panel display technology changes so rapidly that many of the comparative statements made in this chapter might be out of date before the book is published. Investigate current LCD, plasma, and LED display products and answer the following questions:
• Do LCDs still have a price and performance edge over LED and plasma displays?
• Have LED and plasma display lifetimes advanced enough to make them viable monitors for most desktop computers?
• Are any new flat panel display technologies coming into the marketplace?

Question 5

What is a font? What is point size?

Question 6

____________displays have replaced CRTs for video monitors.

Question 7

Investigate the Direct3D and OpenGL video standards and answer the following questions:
• For what types of applications was each originally developed?
• What OSs support each standard?
• Does either standard have a clear advantage in any market segments or for specific types of applications?
• What skills are needed for a programmer to use either standard?

Question 8

What are the additive colors? What are the subtractive colors? What types of I/O devices use each kind of color?

Question 9

________________ display achieves high-quality color display with organic compounds.

Question 10

Investigate audio interfaces that support recording multichannel digital sound, such as those offered by MOTU ( www.motu.com ), M-Audio ( www.m-audio.com ), and Echo Digital
Audio ( www.echoaudio.com ), and answer the following questions:
• How are the interfaces connected to the computer?
• What types of audio connections are supported?
• What are the minimum software and hardware requirements for the host computer?
• Which are best suited to use at home for simple composing and recording projects?
• Which are best suited to use in recording studios or for recording a live concert?

Question 11

What is a bitmap? How does a bitmap s chromatic resolution affect its size?

Question 12

The printing industry generally uses inks based on the colors, which Are_____________ ,______________ , and ___________________. A(n)________________ ink can also be used as a fourth color.

Question 13

What is an image description language? What are the advantages of representing images with image description languages?

Question 14

________________ is another name for a large-format printer.

Question 15

What is JPEG encoding? What is MPEG encoding?

Question 16

________________and _____________are commonly used image description languages for documents.

Question 17

Why does a video controller have its own processor and memory?

Question 18

________________ printer forces ink onto a page by heating it or forcing it out with a piezoelectric membrane.

Question 19

Describe the technologies used to implement flat panel displays. What are their comparative advantages and disadvantages?

Question 20

The _________or____________ format is commonly used to compress still images.

Question 21

How does a laser printer s operation differ from that of a dot matrix printer?

Question 22

________________ sound card can generate multiple notes simultaneously. A(n)________________ sound card can generate only one note at a time.

Question 23

Describe the types of optical input devices. For what type of input is each device intended?

Question 24

A display device' s____________ is the number of colors that can be displayed simultaneously.

Question 25

Describe the process of automated speech recognition. What types of interpretation errors are inherent to this process?

Question 26

In a computer, an image is stored as A(n)________________ , with each pixel represented by one or more numbers.

Question 27

Describe the components and functions of a typical sound card. How is sound input captured? How is speech output generated? How is musical output generated?

Question 28

________________ is a basic component of human speech.

Question 29

________________ is a small device in optical scanners and digital cameras that converts light into an electrical signal.

Question 30

When a user presses a key, the keyboard controller sends A(n)________________ to the computer.

Question 31

________________ recognizes input in the form of vertical lines, usually of varied width and spacing.

Question 32

________________ converts analog sound waves into a digital representation.

Question 33

Each cell in a video display surface s matrix represents A(n)________________.

Question 34

________________ display illuminates a pixel by using excited gas and a colored phosphor.

Question 35

_______________ speech-recognition programs must be trained to recognize one person s voice.

Question 36

A video display s resolution is described by the units ______________.

Question 37

Each transfer of a full screen of data from the display generator to the monitor is called A(n)________________.

Question 38

________________ is 1/72 of an inch and is considered a standard pixel size.

Question 39

________________ accepts data or commands over a bus and generates output for a video monitor.

Question 40

A collection of characters of similar style and appearance is called A(n)________________.

Question 41

________________ compresses an image by replacing image components, such as lines and shapes, with equivalent drawing commands.

Question 42

______________ is dual-ported, which enables cache contents to be written by a video processor while they re being read by display generator circuitry.

Question 43

________________ is an LCD with transistors to control each display pixel.

Question 44

____________creates an interlocking pattern of colored pixels that fools the eye into thinking a uniform color is being displayed.

Question 45

______________is a standardized method of encoding notes and instruments for communication with synthesizers and sound cards.