Deck 9: Organic Chemistry

Question 1

The element whose atoms have a unique ability to bond to each other and to other kinds of atoms is

A) sodium.
B) carbon.
C) sulfur.
D) nitrogen.

Answer 1

carbon.

Question 2

What is the name of the compound with a formula CH₃CH₂CH₃?

A) methane
B) ethane
C) propane
D) butane

Answer 2

propane

Question 3

What is the name of the compound that has the formula CH₃CH₃?

A) methane
B) ethane
C) propane
D) butane

Answer 3

ethane

Question 4

How many different structural isomers are there for a hydrocarbon with the formula C₆H₁₄?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) > 4

Question 5

The unique aspect of a saturated hydrocarbon is that it must contain

A) only carbon and hydrogen.
B) only single bonds.
C) single and double bonds.
D) single, double and triple bonds.

Question 6

Identify the alkane that contains three carbons.

A) propene
B) propane
C) propyne
D) propanone

Question 7

How many different structural isomers are there for a hydrocarbon with the formula C₄H₁₀?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 8

The term "organic" refer to foods that

A) are grown using "all-natural" methods and without the use of synthetic pesticides or herbicides.
B) contain no organic compounds.
C) contain only organic compounds.
D) are grown hydroponically.

Question 9

Carbon is almost always

A) monovalent.
B) divalent.
C) trivalent.
D) tetravalent.

Question 10

What is the name of the compound with a formula CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃?

A) methane
B) ethane
C) propane
D) butane

Question 11

Petroleum jelly is

A) a mixture of low carbon number hydrocarbons.
B) a mixture of moderate carbon number hydrocarbons.
C) a mixture of higher carbon number hydrocarbons.
D) none of the above

Question 12

Organic chemistry is most broadly defined as

A) the chemistry of living systems.
B) the chemistry of substances produced by living systems.
C) the chemistry of the compounds of carbon.
D) the chemistry of the non-metallic compounds.

Question 13

The first recorded synthesis of an organic compound in a scientific laboratory was by

A) Isaac Newton in 1665.
B) Benjamin Franklin in 1788.
C) Friedrich Wöhler in 1828.
D) Thomas Edison in 1888.

Question 14

The simplest alkane is

A) monane.
B) ethane.
C) methane.
D) propane.

Question 15

The first organic compound to be synthesized in a chemist's laboratory was

A) cholesterol.
B) chlorophyll.
C) urea.
D) benzene.

Question 16

A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen and which has only single bonds between atoms is classified as an

A) alkane.
B) alkene.
C) aromatic compound.
D) alkyne.

Question 17

The most unique property of carbon is its ability to

A) form four bonds.
B) bond to oxygen.
C) bond to nitrogen.
D) bond to carbon.

Question 18

Approximately what percentage of known compounds are classified as organic compounds?

A) ≈ 95%
B) ≈ 70%
C) ≈ 40%
D) ≈ 20%

Question 19

How many different structural isomers are there for a hydrocarbon with the formula C₅H₁₂?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Question 20

Organic compounds are

A) nonpolar and less dense than water.
B) polar and less dense than water.
C) nonpolar and more dense than water.
D) polar and more dense than water.

Question 21

An example of an alkane is

A) C₉H₂₀.
B) C₅H₁₀.
C) C₇H₁₂.
D) C₈H₂₀.

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a property of alkanes?

A) Alkanes are not soluble in water.
B) Alkanes have a lower density than water does.
C) Alkanes will undergo addition reactions.
D) Alkanes will burn easily and can be used as fuels.

Question 23

Compounds with the same number and kinds of atoms but with different structures are known as

A) homologs.
B) isotopes.
C) isomers.
D) allotropes.

Question 24

The chemical formula of cyclohexane is

A) C₆H₆.
B) C₆H₈.
C) C₆H₁₀.
D) C₆H₁₂.

Question 25

The condensed structural formula for the molecule below is

A) CH₃CH₂C(CH₃)₂CH₃.
B) CH₃CH₂CH(CH₃)₂.
C) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃.
D) none of the above

Question 26

All of the following are properties of hydrocarbons EXCEPT

A) they have a higher density than water.
B) their boiling points increase as the number of carbons increases.
C) they burn readily.
D) they are good solvents for nonpolar substances.

Question 27

A compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen is a(n)

A) alcohol.
B) carbohydrate.
C) homolog.
D) hydrocarbon.

Question 28

Which one of the following statements is NOT true of all alkanes?

A) All alkanes burn to produce carbon dioxide and water.
B) All alkanes consist of carbon and hydrogen.
C) All alkanes exist as two or more isomers.
D) All alkanes fit the general molecular formula C_nH_2n+2.

Question 29

Alkanes are often called

A) unsaturated hydrocarbons.
B) saturated hydrocarbons.
C) carbohydrates.
D) saturated fats.

Question 30

The condensed structural formula for the molecule below is

A) CH₃CH₂C(CH₃)₃.
B) CH₃CH₂CH₂(CH₃)₂CH₃.
C) CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃.
D) none of the above

Question 31

The formula for heptene is

A) C₇H₁₄.
B) C₃H₈.
C) C₄H₁₀.
D) C₅H₁₂.

Question 32

The formula for cyclopropane is

A) C₃H₈.
B) C₇H₁₆.
C) C₃H₆.
D) C₇H₁₂.

Question 33

The chemical formula of cyclopropane is

A) C₃H₃.
B) C₃H₆.
C) C₃H₇.
D) C₃H₈.

Question 34

The formula for butane is

A) C₄H₁₀.
B) C₅H₁₂.
C) C₆H₁₄.
D) C₄H₈.

Question 35

The compounds CH₃CH₃ and CH₃CH₂CH₃ are

A) isomers.
B) allotropes.
C) isotopes.
D) homologs.

Question 36

Which of the following alkanes will have the lowest boiling point?

A) CH₄
B) C₃H₈
C) C₁₄H₃₀
D) C₂₂H₄₆

Question 37

Which of the following alkanes will have the highest boiling point?

A) CH₄
B) C₆H₁₄
C) C₁₂H₂₆
D) C₁₉H₄₀

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the great variety of organic molecules?

A) The ability of carbon to form chains
B) Carbon atoms can form more than four bonds.
C) Isomerism
D) Carbon forms bonds with a variety of elements, including H, O, N, Cl and Br.

Question 39

The chemical formula of cyclopentane is

A) C₅H₆.
B) C₅H₈.
C) C₅H₁₀.
D) C₅H₁₂.

Question 40

An emollient is a

A) skin softener.
B) sun screen.
C) laxative.
D) detergent.

Question 41

Which of the following is an alkane?

A) butene
B) propyne
C) butane
D) toluene

Question 42

Acetylene is an

A) alkane.
B) alkene.
C) alkyne.
D) aromatic compound.

Question 43

A cyclic hydrocarbon containing eight carbon atoms and one double bond will have the formula

A) C₈H₁₂.
B) C₈H₁₈.
C) C₈H₁₆.
D) C₈H₁₄.

Question 44

Which of the following compounds is saturated?

A) pentene
B) ethane
C) butyne
D) pentadiene

Question 45

The correct structure for benzene was proposed by ________ in 1865.

A) Boyle
B) Kekule
C) Faraday
D) Curie

Question 46

An example of a molecular formula of an alkyne is

A) C₆H₁₄.
B) C₅H₁₀.
C) C₅H₈.
D) C₆H₆.

Question 47

An example of a molecular formula of an alkene is

A) C₇H₁₆.
B) C₅H₁₀.
C) C₅H₈.
D) C₆H₆.

Question 48

Methane, benzene, 1-butyne, and 2-pentene are all examples of

A) alkenes.
B) alkanes.
C) aromatic compounds.
D) hydrocarbons.

Question 49

A cyclic hydrocarbon containing seven carbon atoms and two double bonds will have the formula

A) C₇H₁₆.
B) C₇H₁₄.
C) C₇H₁₂.
D) C₇H₁₀.

Question 50

Which of the following is an alkyne?

A) ethylene
B) hexyne
C) heptane
D) benzene

Question 51

Benzene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Which of the following is NOT a property of benzene?

A) Benzene is a liquid at room temperature.
B) Benzene undergoes the same reactions that other unsaturated hydrocarbons do.
C) Benzene contains only carbon and hydrogen.
D) Benzene has a ring of carbon atoms in its structure.

Question 52

The formula of benzene is

A) C₇H₇.
B) C₄H₄.
C) C₆H₆.
D) C₆H₁₂.

Question 53

The formula for propyne is

A) C₃H₆.
B) C₃H₄.
C) C₃H₈.
D) C₃H₃.

Question 54

Which of the following is an aromatic compound?

A) butene
B) hexyne
C) ethane
D) ethylbenzene

Question 55

The hydrocarbon that is used in torches along with oxygen to produce very hot flames for cutting and welding is

A) ethylene.
B) methane.
C) propane.
D) acetylene.

Question 56

Which of the following compounds is a homolog of CH₂=CH₂?

A) CH₃CH₃
B) CH₃CH₂CH₃
C) CH₃CH=CH₂
D) CH₃C CH

Question 57

Acetylene is

A) CH₄.
B) C₂H₆.
C) C₂H₄.
D) C₂H₂.

Question 58

The most important commercial organic compound is

A) methane, CH₄.
B) ethane, CH₃CH₃.
C) ethylene, CH₂
CH₂.
D) propane, CH₃CH₂CH₃.

Question 59

What is the general formula for a cycloalkane?

A) C_nH_n
B) C_nH_2n+2
C) C_nH_2n-2
D) C_nH_2n

Question 60

Which of the following is an alkene?

A) ethylene
B) butyne
C) cyclohexane
D) xylene

Question 61

Perfluorocarbons are

A) hydrocarbons in which all hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine.
B) hydrocarbons in which most hydrogen atoms have been replaced by fluorine.
C) hydrocarbons in which there is one fluorine per carbon atom.
D) none of the above

Question 62

When carbon tetrachloride reacts with hot water it produces phosgene (COCl₂). Phosgene was used in poison-gas warfare in World War I. Based upon this chemistry, carbon tetrachloride is no longer used in

A) fire extinguishers.
B) anesthetics.
C) chemical reactions.
D) toilet bowl cleaners.

Question 63

The intoxicating alcohol in "alcoholic" beverages is

A) ethanol.
B) methyl alcohol.
C) 1-propanol.
D) rubbing alcohol.

Question 64

With respect to reactivity on the surface of the earth, chlorofluorocarbons are

A) very reactive.
B) very unreactive.
C) moderately reactive.
D) variable depending upon the chlorofluorocarbon.

Question 65

Organic compounds that contain a benzene ring or possess certain properties similar to those of benzene are called ________ compounds.

A) alkaloid
B) acidic
C) aromatic
D) saturated

Question 66

Alcohols are characterized by which functional group?

A) hydroxyl
B) carboxyl
C) halide
D) ester

Question 67

In general, CFCs are

A) solids with high melting points.
B) solids with low melting points.
C) liquids with high boiling points.
D) gases or liquids with low boiling points.

Question 68

A bottle of an alcoholic beverage is labelled as "60 proof." The percentage of ethanol by volume in this alcoholic beverage is

A) 15%.
B) 30%.
C) 60%.
D) 20%.

Question 69

Chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as carbon tetrachloride CCl₄, make good dry cleaning solvents because

A) they dissolve in water.
B) they dissolve water insoluble stains, like grease and oil.
C) they are not liquids at room temperature.
D) they cause no significant health problems.

Question 70

A molecular formula of an aromatic hydrocarbon is

A) C₁₀H₁₈.
B) C₈H₁₆.
C) C₇H₁₀.
D) C₆H₆.

Question 71

In organic chemistry, compounds are generally classified by

A) state.
B) functional group.
C) color.
D) odor.

Question 72

When wood is heated in the absence of air, the wood is destructively distilled and condensed to a liquid mixture. The primary component of this mixture is

A) methanol.
B) ethanol.
C) rubbing alcohol.
D) gasoline.

Question 73

In representing the general formula of various functional groups, the symbol R stands for

A) a halogen atom.
B) a ring.
C) an aromatic group.
D) an alkyl group.

Question 74

The formula of methanol is

A) COH.
B) CHOH.
C) CH₂OH.
D) CH₃OH.

Question 75

A bottle contains 5% ethanol. What is the proof of alcohol in this bottle?

A) 2.5
B) 5
C) 10
D) 1.7

Question 76

The compound with the formula, CHCl₃, was used as an anesthetic in earlier times, but has been found to have some serious side effects. The compound is called

A) methyl chloride.
B) methylene chloride.
C) chloroform.
D) carbon tetrachloride.

Question 77

Perfluorocarbons have been used in which of the following?

A) temporary blood substitutes
B) nonstick cooking surfaces
C) oxygen solvent for treatment of premature babies
D) all of the above

Question 78

The structures that contains single bonds and an oxygen are

A) alcohols and ethers.
B) aldehydes and ketones.
C) carboxylic acids and esters.
D) alkenes.

Question 79

Methanol is an important solvent. It is also an important starting material for the synthesis of other molecules. Most methanol today is obtained from the

A) destructive distillation of wood.
B) reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at high temperature and pressure.
C) fermentation of corn.
D) decomposition of animal waste.

Question 80

Chlorinated hydrocarbons have been used as

A) fuels.
B) insecticides.
C) propellants.
D) refrigerants.