Deck 1: This Introduction Covers the Traditional and Modern Tools and Foundational Concepts in Wide Use in Geography

Question 1

When water evaporates, vapor turns to liquid.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A photo sequence showing progressive deforestation illustrates both temporal and spatial scales.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Temporal scale refers to size, length, distance, or area of an object or process.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Most life on Earth obtains its energy from the Sun.

Question 5

The atmosphere consists mostly of nitrogen and carbon dioxide.

Question 6

Physical geography emphasizes phenomena or processes occurring over scales of meters to the entire planet.

Question 7

Digital elevation models can only be developed for surfaces above water.

Question 8

The origin is found at 0 degrees latitude and 0 degrees longitude.

Question 9

Water exists as a solid, a liquid, and a vapor.

Question 10

The highest point on Earth is Mount Everest at 8,848 meters (29,029 feet).

Question 11

Doppler radar is an example of a remote sensing technology.

Question 12

Radar is a form of passive remote sensing.

Question 13

A tornado's energy is derived from the Sun.

Question 14

A digital elevation model is used to show topographic relief.

Question 15

Contour lines are used on topographic maps to show changes in elevation.

Question 16

Positive feedbacks stabilize physical systems.

Question 17

A hypothesis is an idea that can be tested and proved incorrect.

Question 18

A map of a mountain has a relatively smaller map scale than a map of a continent.

Question 19

The process of science works by first having an idea, then collecting only those data that support the idea.

Question 20

The energy for erosion is derived from Earth's heat.

Question 21

The equator is 0 degrees latitude.

Question 22

A theory is constructed from many hypotheses that have been tested and supported by scientific data and observations.

Question 23

Cartography is the art and science of map making.

Question 24

Which U.S.state is farthest east on the geographic grid?

A)Alaska
B)Maine
C)Vermont
D)Hawaii

Question 25

Which statement describes the transformation of energy shown in this figure?

A)Radiant energy is converted to chemical energy that erodes the lithosphere.
B)Geothermal energy is converted to kinetic energy that erodes the lithosphere.
C)Radiant energy is converted to kinetic energy that erodes the lithosphere.
D)Kinetic energy is converted to radiant energy that erodes the lithosphere.

Question 26

The lowest point on Earth is Death Valley at -86 meters (-282 feet).

Question 27

Which is an example of climate?

A)the average temperature of a region
B)a single day of extreme heat
C)a single day of heavy precipitation
D)a large tornado

Question 28

The prime meridian is 180 degrees longitude.

Question 29

The __________ divides Earth into two equal halves.

A)equator
B)prime meridian
C)North Pole
D)South Pole

Question 30

The crust is the rigid outermost portion of Earth's surface.

Question 31

Clouds are composed of water vapor.

Question 32

Humans have little effect on Earth's physical systems.

Question 33

A __________ is the shortest distance between two points on the globe.

A)meridian
B)parallel
C)small circle route
D)great circle route

Question 34

Science is fundamental to the study of physical geography.

Question 35

The material goods we use, like cell phones, cars, and computers, are not connected to Earth's physical systems.

Question 36

An example of a positive feedback would be the following:
Global warming More water vapor in the atmosphere because the air is warmer More warming (go back to start)

Question 37

Living Physical Geography is structured around energy flows through Earth's physical systems.

Question 38

What form of energy is water sitting in a reservoir that will be released to make electricity?

A)kinetic
B)chemical
C)electrical
D)potential

Question 39

Maps can portray spatial information and temporal information.

Question 40

A GIS is interactive and can be used to analyze spatial data.

Question 41

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"One centimeter equals 5 kilometers" is an example of what kind of map scale?

A)a bar scale
B)a verbal scale
C)a representative fraction scale
D)a measurement

Question 42

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The __________ are found between 80 and 90 degrees north and south.

A)tropics
B)midlatitudes
C)high latitudes
D)polar regions

Question 43

​
The __________ are found between 23.5 degrees north and south.

A)tropics
B)midlatitudes
C)high latitudes
D)polar regions

Question 44

If people continue to walk along a contour line, what will eventually happen?

A)They will experience a wide range of weather conditions.
B)They will encounter many forms of life.
C)They will climb uphill.
D)They will end up where they started.

Question 45

​
A conformal map projection

A)preserves the true areas of continents at the expense of their true shapes.
B)preserves both true shapes and true areas of continents.
C)preserves the true shapes of continents at the expense of their true areas.
D)preserves neither true shapes or true areas of continents.

Question 46

Which question would you least likely explore in Living Physical Geography?

A)Why is there winter and summer?
B)Why do mountains form and how are they worn down?
C)Why are there no polar bears in the Southern Hemisphere or penguins in the Northern Hemisphere?
D)What is the population of India?

Question 47

​
The height of a car driving in the mountains above sea level is referred to as

A)elevation.
B)altitude.
C)depth.
D)topography.

Question 48

​
The opposite of evaporation is __________.

A)condensation
B)erosion
C)precipitation
D)melting

Question 49

​
Which has the longest temporal scale?

A)an earthquake
B)El Niño
C)forest migration
D)mountain building

Question 50

​
On the equator, meridians are __________ kilometers apart.

A)0
B)53
C)111
D)200

Question 51

​
Which is not among the elements maps generally should have?

A)border
B)title
C)map scale
D)legend

Question 52

​
The distance an object is submerged below the surface of the ocean is referred to as

A)elevation.
B)altitude.
C)depth.
D)topography.

Question 53

The loss of forests occurred mostly because of what?

A)fire
B)poor soils
C)rats
D)boat building

Question 54

​
Which is an example of a temporal phenomenon?

A)the age of a mountain range.
B)the temperature of an ocean
C)the size of a thunderstorm
D)the strength of a hurricane

Question 55

​
Geothermal energy is energy from __________.

A)the Sun
B)living organisms
C)the atmosphere
D)Earth's interior

Question 56

​
Which statement describes the transformation of energy shown in this figure?

A)Radiant energy is converted to chemical energy that fuels the biosphere.
B)Geothermal energy is converted to kinetic energy that fuels the biosphere.
C)Radiant energy is converted to kinetic energy that fuels the biosphere.
D)Kinetic energy is converted to radiant energy that fuels the biosphere.

Question 57

​
The oceans are __________ kilometers deep on average.

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)7

Question 58

​
A contour line is used to show __________.

A)population
B)the biosphere
C)weather
D)topography

Question 59

Longitudes run as high as __________ degrees.

A)0
B)45
C)90
D)180

Question 60

​
When geographers examined the history of Easter Island, what key evidence did they find that indicated that the island was once forested?

A)ancient pollen
B)ancient insect remains
C)ancient wood
D)ancient burial sites

Question 61

Where contour lines are close together on a map, __________.

A)the slope is steep
B)the temperature is low
C)the population is high
D)the vegetation is changing

Question 62

The __________ is all life on Earth.

A)atmosphere
B)biosphere
C)lithosphere
D)hydrosphere

Question 63

Which statement describes the transformation of energy shown in this figure?

A)Geothermal energy is converted to chemical energy that builds the lithosphere.
B)Geothermal energy is converted to kinetic energy that builds the lithosphere.
C)Radiant energy is converted to kinetic energy that builds the lithosphere.
D)Kinetic energy is converted to geothermal energy that builds the lithosphere.

Question 64

A system is a __________.

A)set of interacting parts that function as a unit
B)theory that helps scientists understand Earth
C)group of ideas
D)way of mapping Earth's surface

Question 65

​
Which order is a logical sequence of the scientific method?

A)observations, questions, hypothesis development, hypothesis testing, further inquiry
B)hypothesis testing, observations, questions, hypothesis development, further inquiry
C)further inquiry, hypothesis development, observations, questions, hypothesis testing
D)hypothesis development, observations, questions, hypothesis testing, further inquiry

Question 66

Which type of projection creates a tangent that traces the path of a small circle?

A)cylindrical projection
B)conic projection
C)azimuthal projection
D)orthographic projection

Question 67

Which would not be associated with night lights on Earth's land surface?

A)cities
B)forests
C)roads
D)natural gas extraction

Question 68

​
Which system is not solar powered?

A)the atmosphere
B)the biosphere
C)building up of the lithosphere
D)erosion of the lithosphere

Question 69

The __________ is the layer of gases that surrounds Earth.

A)atmosphere
B)biosphere
C)lithosphere
D)hydrosphere

Question 70

Which technology can be used to map rainfall in a hurricane?

A)Doppler radar
B)LIDAR
C)sonar
D)lasers

Question 71

​
The energy to build Earth's surface relief comes from __________.

A)the Sun
B)Earth's interior
C)the rocks
D)organisms

Question 72

​
The 0 degree meridian is also called the __________.

A)equator
B)prime meridian
C)55th parallel
D)170th meridian

Question 73

The giant statues on Easter Island are called what?

A)ahu
B)moai
C)rapa nui
D)lapita

Question 74

Which of the following is the largest map scale?

A)1\5,280
B)1\24,000
C)1\100,000
D)1\50,000,000

Question 75

​
An example of radiant energy is energy from __________.

A)the Sun
B)living organisms
C)the atmosphere
D)Earth's interior

Question 76

​
The oceans cover __________ percent of the planet's surface.

A)56
B)67
C)71
D)85

Question 77

Which is not a part of the hydrosphere?

A)a glacier
B)a river
C)a plant
D)a cloud

Question 78

The __________ includes all water on Earth.

A)atmosphere
B)biosphere
C)lithosphere
D)hydrosphere

Question 79

Which of the following would be the best map projection to use in order to compare the true size of Alaska compared to Texas?

A)cylindrical projection
B)a conformal projection
C)an equal-area projection
D)orthographic projection

Question 80

​
Energy is __________.

A)the capacity to change and do work on physical matter
B)a form of activity
C)not very important to physical geography
D)an example of climate change