Deck 22: The P-Block Elements

Question 1

Elemental boron forms a metallic lattice with delocalized valence electrons.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which of the following elements is highly toxic?

A) Ga
B) B
C) Al
D) In
E) Tl

Answer 2

Tl

Question 3

Unlike boron, the heavier group 13 elements do not react directly with hydrogen.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

How is boron produced in large scale from borax?

Question 5

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of aluminium with nitrogen is _____.

A) $\mathrm { Al } ( \mathrm { s } ) + \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~g} ) \stackrel { \Delta } { \rightarrow } \mathrm { AlN } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~s} )$
B) $2 \mathrm { Al } ( \mathrm { s } ) + \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~g} ) \stackrel { \Delta } { \rightarrow } 2 \mathrm { AlN } ( \mathrm { s } )$
C) $2 \mathrm { Al } ( \mathrm { s } ) + 2 \mathrm {~N} ( \mathrm {~g} ) \stackrel { \Delta } { \rightarrow } 2 \mathrm { AlN } ( \mathrm { s } )$
D) $2 \mathrm { Al } ( \mathrm { s } ) + \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~g} ) \stackrel { \mathrm { A } } { \rightarrow } \mathrm { Al } _ { 2 } \mathrm {~N} _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~s} )$
E) $\mathrm { Al } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~s} ) + \mathrm { N } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~g} ) \stackrel { \Delta } { \rightarrow } 2 \mathrm { AlN } ( \mathrm { s } )$

Question 6

Which of the following group 13 elements is a semimetal that is unreactive?

A) Thallium
B) Boron
C) Aluminum
D) Gallium
E) Indium

Question 7

Gallium dissolves in either acid or base to produce hydrogen gas.

Question 8

Complete the equation: 2In(s) + 3I₂(s) $\stackrel { \Delta } { \longrightarrow }$ _____(s).

A) 2InI
B) 2InI₃
C) InI₆
D) In₂I₆.
E) 2InI₃.

Question 9

Complete the equation 2Tl(s) + _____(g) → Tl₂S(s) + H₂(g)

A) SO₂.
B) H₂SO₄.
C) SO₂
D) H₂S.
E) 2S₂.

Question 10

The neutral compounds of the group 13 elements are electron deficient and behave like _____.

Question 11

The alloys of _____ are used as low-melting solders in electronic circuit boards.

A) indium
B) thallium
C) boron
D) aluminum
E) gallium

Question 12

The stability of the carbon tetrahalides decreases with increasing size of the halogen.

Question 13

Thallium has greater first ionization energy than indium. Explain

Question 14

When elemental boron is heated with excess halogen, it forms _____.

Question 15

The basic building block of elemental boron is the _____.

Question 16

The binary compound formed when elemental boron is heated with excess oxygen is _____.

A) BO
B) BO₃
C) B₂O₃
D) B₂O
E) BO₂

Question 17

Group 13 elements are found in nature in their free state.

Question 18

Of the group 13 halides, only the _____ behave as typical ionic compounds.

A) chlorides
B) bromides
C) sulfides
D) fluorides
E) iodides

Question 19

Elemental boron forms intricate structures that contain _____ bonds, in which a pair of electrons holds together three or more atoms.

Question 20

The neutral compounds formed by group 13 elements are Moderately strong Lewis acids.

Question 21

The balanced chemical reaction for the synthesis of silicon nitride from silicon is:

A) Si(s) + N₂(g) → SiN₂(s).
B) 2Si(s) + N₂(g) → 2SiN(s).
C) 3Si(s) + N₂(g) → 3SiN₂(s).
D) 3Si(s) + 2N₂(g) → Si₃N₄(s).
E) 3Si(s) + N₂(g) → Si₃N₂(s).

Question 22

Which of the following is an interstitial carbide?

A) Silicon carbide
B) Tungsten carbide
C) Sodium carbide
D) Calcium carbide
E) Boron carbide

Question 23

The most common oxidation state of group 14 elements is _____.

A) +1
B) +2
C) +4
D) +3
E) +6

Question 24

Which of the following compounds will be the most stable at room temperature?

A) CCl₄
B) GeCl₂
C) CCl₂
D) SiCl₂
E) PbCl₂

Question 25

The solid state of bismuth is less dense than its liquid state.

Question 26

The Latin name for lead is _____.

Question 27

The binary compounds of carbon with less electronegative elements are called _____.

Question 28

Pure _____ is obtained by reacting coke, an amorphous form of carbon used as a reductant in the production of steel, with silica to give silicon carbide (SiC).

A) graphite
B) fullerene
C) amorphous carbon
D) diamond
E) carbon nanotube

Question 29

Lead is the only group 14 element that is metallic in both structure and properties under all conditions.

Question 30

_____ carbides are chemically inert.

Question 31

N₂O is thermodynamically unstable.

Question 32

The tetrahalides of tin and lead react with water to give amphoteric oxides.

Question 33

_____ are formed from the reaction of carbon with transition metals at high temperatures.

A) Interstitial carbides
B) Acetylides
C) Methides
D) Ionic carbides
E) Covalent carbides

Question 34

The Si-O bond is significantly stronger than the C-O bond.

Question 35

What are silicates? Give examples.

Question 36

The reaction of carbon at high temperatures with electropositive metals of group 1 and 2 and aluminum produces _____.

A) covalent carbides
B) oxohalides
C) ionic carbides
D) metallic carbides
E) interstitial carbides

Question 37

Elemental nitrogen readily reacts with halogens.

Question 38

List out the various applications of group 14 elements.

Question 39

Which of the following pnicogens is used in printing, as it produces crisp, clear letters for typesetting?

A) Nitrogen
B) Bismuth
C) Arsenic
D) Antimony
E) Phosphorus

Question 40

_____ is a finely divided form of carbon that is produced from the thermal decomposition of organic materials and used to purify gases and wastewater.

Question 41

Group 16 is the first group in the p block with no stable metallic elements.

Question 42

Nitrogen reacts with carbon at elevated temperatures to form _____.

Question 43

Which of the following oxides is neutral?

A) PbO₂
B) Rb₂O
C) CaO
D) Al₂O₃
E) Br₂O

Question 44

Nitrogen reacts with semimetals at high temperatures to form _____, which have high melting points and are chemically inert materials.

A) interstitial nitrides
B) cyanogens
C) ionic nitrides
D) hydrazines
E) covalent nitrides

Question 45

The Roman name of antimony, from which its atomic symbol is derived, is _____.

Question 46

Which of the following oxides is amphoteric?

A) CaO
B) Al₂O₃
C) BaO
D) Br₂O
E) Rb₂O

Question 47

_____ is the only pnicogen capable of forming multiple bonds with itself using π overlap of adjacent np orbitals.

A) Antimony
B) Phosphorus
C) Nitrogen
D) Bismuth
E) Arsenic

Question 48

_____ is the only group 16 element that behaves like a metal.

A) Oxygen
B) Tellurium
C) Polonium
D) Selenium
E) Sulfur

Question 49

The pnicogens As, Sb and P, when arranged in the increasing order of their reactivity follow the order:

A) P < As < Sb.
B) P < Sb < As.
C) Sb < As < P.
D) As < Sb < P.
E) As < P < Sb.

Question 50

The stability of the highest oxidation state of the chalcogens decreases with increasing atomic number.

Question 51

Which of the following oxides tend to be acidic?

A) ZnO
B) BaO
C) PbO₂
D) SnO₂
E) Br₂O

Question 52

The elements S, Te, and Se when arranged in the increasing order of the stability of their highest oxidation states, follow the order:

A) S < Se < Te.
B) S < Te < Se.
C) Se < Te < S.
D) Te < S < Se.
E) Te < Se < S.

Question 53

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of selenium with chlorine is _____.

A) Se(s) + Cl₂(g) → SeCl₂(l)
B) 2Se(s) + 2Cl(g) → 2SeCl(l)
C) 2Se(s) + Cl₂(g) → Se₂Cl₂(l)
D) Se₂(s) + Cl₂(g) → 2SeCl(l)
E) Se₂(s) + 2Cl(g) → Se₂Cl₂(l)

Question 54

Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form a binary compound _____, which is used as a rocket propellant and to inhibit corrosion in boilers.

Question 55

Complete the reaction: Bi₂O₃(s) + 3H₂O(l) → _____(s)

A) Bi₂(OH)₃
B) 2BiH₃
C) 2Bi(OH)₃
D) Bi₂O₃
E) Bi(OH)₃

Question 56

Which of the following group 16 elements has the greatest tendency to form multiple bonds?

A) Selenium
B) Tellurium
C) Sulfur
D) Oxygen
E) Polonium

Question 57

Explain the different allotropes of phosphorus.

Question 58

The stability of binary hydrides increases down the group.

Question 59

Which of the following group 16 elements will have the highest tendency to catenate?

A) Oxygen
B) Sulfur
C) Polonium
D) Selenium
E) Tellurium

Question 60

Telluric acid is a strong acid.

Question 61

Which of the following halogens do not form oxoacids when it reacts with water?

A) Chlorine
B) Bromine
C) Iodine
D) Fluorine
E) Antimony

Question 62

The balanced chemical equation for the reaction of hydrogen fluoride with sodium carbonate is _____.

A) 2Na₂CO₃(s) + 4HF(aq) → 2CO₂(g) + 4NaF(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
B) Na₂CO₃(s) + 2HF(aq) → CO₂(g) + 2NaF(aq) + H₂O(l)
C) 2Na₂CO₃(s) + 4HF(aq) → 3CO₂(g) + 4NaF(aq)
D) 2Na₂CO₃(s) + 2HF(aq) → H₂CO₃(g) + 2NaF(aq)
E) 2NaCO₃(s) + 2HF(aq) → 2()()()NaHCO₃ + F₂

Question 63

The chalcogens have _____ electron configurations.

Question 64

How are interhalogen compounds formed? Mention their properties.

Question 65

Which of the following halides is the least polarizable?

A) Chloride
B) Bromide
C) Sulfide
D) Iodide
E) Fluoride

Question 66

The halogens F, Cl and Br, when arranged in the decreasing order of their oxidative strength follow the order:

A) Cl > Br > F.
B) Cl > F > Br.
C) F > Cl > Br.
D) F > Br > Cl.
E) Br > F > Cl.

Question 67

Which of the following dioxides is the most basic?

A) PoO₂
B) TeO₂
C) SO₂
D) SeO₂
E) NO₂

Question 68

The perhalic acids HClO₄, HIO₄, and HBrO₄, when arranged in the increasing order of their acid strength follow the order:

A) HIO₄ < HClO₄ < HBrO₄..
B) HClO₄ < HBrO₄ < HIO₄.
C) HClO₄ < HIO₄ < HBrO₄.
D) HIO₄ < HClO₄ < HBrO₄.
E) HIO₄ < HBrO₄ < HClO₄.

Question 69

Which of the following halogens forms compounds only in the -1 oxidation state?

A) Bromine
B) Chlorine
C) Astatine
D) Fluorine
E) Iodine

Question 70

Group 17 elements form compounds in odd oxidation states.

Question 71

Polonium was discovered by _____, who was awarded a noble prize for its discovery.

Question 72

Complete the equation for the preparation of chlorine by chloralkali process:
$$2 \mathrm { NaCl } ( \mathrm { aq } ) + 2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { O } ( \mathrm { l } ) \stackrel { \text { electrolsis } } { \longrightarrow } ---- ( \mathrm { aq } ) + \mathrm { Cl } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~g} ) + \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } ( \mathrm {~g} )$$

A) Na₂O
B) NaOH
C) NaH₂
D) 2NaOH
E) 2NaO

Question 73

Halogens are found in nature as free elements.

Question 74

The group 16 elements are collectively called the _____.

Question 75

Why is fluorine the most reactive element in the periodic table?

Question 76

The oxides of elements in or near the diagonal band of semimetals are generally _____.

Question 77

Why does telluric acid behave as a weak triprotic acid?

Question 78

Complete the reaction Pb(s) + 2BrF₃(l) → _____(s) + 2BrF(g)

A) PbBr
B) PbF₂
C) Pb₂F
D) PbF₄
E) Pb

Question 79

Iodine is the least polarizable of the halogens.

Question 80

How is oxygen obtained from potassium chlorate?